生物降解性聚氨酯保温隔热材料的合成及性质研究

以树皮为原料合成了环保型氨酯硬泡保温隔热材料，并讨论了制备过程对聚氨酯材料主要性能的影响，发现溶解于聚醚多元醇的树皮不但使合成的聚氨酯材料具有了生物降解性，而且能够改善合成材料的部分主要性能。     

复合催化剂和开孔剂对慢回弹软质聚氨酯泡沫泡孔结构的影响

以慢回弹泡沫聚醚多元醇GLR-2000(羟值230 250 mg KOH/g),普通软泡聚醚多元醇EP-330N(羟值3337 mg KOH/g)及聚合物多元醇POP3628(羟值25 29 mg KOH/g)等为主要原料,制备慢回弹聚氨酯泡沫.利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM),电子拉力机等手段研究了催化剂二月桂酸二丁基锡(T12)和开孔剂Y-1900的含量对其泡沫孔径尺寸,开孔率以及力学性能影响.结果表明:当多元醇质量总份数为100份,三乙烯二胺(A33)质量份数为0.35份,随着T12含量增加,泡沫孔径减小,开孔率逐渐降低.当T12质量份数为0.06份时,慢回弹聚氨酯泡沫拥有良好的泡孔结构,无塌陷、中空开裂等情况.随着Y-1900含量的增加,泡孔孔径逐渐减小;当Y-1900含量低于0.5份时,随着Y-1900含量的增加,泡沫开孔率逐渐上升,泡沫硬度逐渐降低,当Y-1900质量份数达到0.5份,开孔率和硬度不发生变化.     

聚合物多元醇合成研究

聚合物多元醇合成研究杨映霞，陈瑞兰，吴兴国，陈婉华（湖北大学）（咸宁师专）聚醚多元醇是生产聚氨酯泡沫塑料的一种新型原材料。以往，聚氨酯泡沫塑料的原材料全部用聚醚多元醇，在一些场合使用时，性能不够理想，因而必须掺入部分聚合物多元醇，以增加聚氨酯泡沫塑料...     

高硬度聚氮酯结构胶的制备

在室温下，选用聚醚多元醇，多异氰酸酯等材料，合成了一系列高硬度聚氨酯弹性体。讨论了不同异氰酸酯结构、不同聚醚多元醇体系、不同合成方法对聚氨酯弹性体的影响。实验表明，在施工现场采用一步法工艺可获得高硬度、高强度、耐磨、耐水的聚氨酯材料。     

基于碳酸乙烯酯开环聚合的生物降解聚氨酯材料制备

为了提高聚氨酯材料的生物降解性能,采用化学方法将可生物降解链段碳酸酯基嵌入聚氨酯链段中.首先,以离子液体[ Bmim] Cl-( ZnCl2)0.50为催化剂、1,2-丙二醇为起始剂,催化碳酸乙烯酯开环聚合,制备聚醚碳酸酯多元醇,并将其与二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯反应,生成聚氨酯泡沫材料;然后,采用土埋法考察聚氨酯泡沫材料的生物降解性.实验结果表明,该离子液体呈现Lewis酸性,能较好地催化碳酸乙烯酯开环聚合,且反应过程中存在断链和脱羧现象.与普通聚醚多元醇制备的聚氨酯泡沫材料相比,聚醚碳酸酯型聚氨酯泡沫材料具有更好的生物降解性.     

新技术新设备新产品

聚醚多元醇是一种用途广泛的化工产品。它不仅是生产聚氨酯类产品的主要原料,也是生产乳化剂、破乳剂、润滑剂、洗涤剂等的重要原料。为适应我国聚氨酯工业的发展,开发性能优良的活性聚醚多元醇,浙江大学化工厂根据省科委下达的“活性聚醚多元醇开发研究”课题,经过两年多的努力,研制成功了ZDH_(3301)聚醚多元醇,并已通过技术鉴定。该聚醚多元醇是一种用于聚氨酯软质泡沫塑料的主要原料,它是以丙三醇为起始剂,在催化剂KOH存在下,则环氧丙烷、环氧乙烷开环聚合,然后经中和、脱色、除钾钠离子等过程而成。产品经杭州良渚泡沫塑料厂由英国引进的VERTIFOAM     

高吸油性能软质聚氨酯泡沫的合成研究

以聚醚多元醇(N220、N330)和甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)为原料,采用一步发泡法,合成一种泡沫质地柔软、泡孔结构较好且具有较高吸油性能的软质聚氨酯泡沫.研究了催化体系、TDI指数、物理发泡剂、聚醚多元醇、水、泡沫稳定剂等对泡孔结构和吸油性能的影响.得到了最佳工艺配方,即:聚醚多元醇100份,TDI指数103%, A33为4.8份,辛酸亚锡(T9)0.8份,泡沫稳定剂为4份,物理发泡剂(141b)20份,水10份.制得的泡沫结构较好时,对原油的吸油倍率为35 g/g.     

二醇扩链剂对聚醚型热塑性聚氨酯性能的影响

以聚醚多元醇为软段,4,4′-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)和不同小分子二元醇为硬段,采用预聚体法合成热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)。研究了异氰酸酯指数、不同扩链剂以及混合扩链剂的物质的量比对聚醚型热塑性聚氨酯性能的影响。结果表明,当异氰酸酯指数为1.02时,热塑性聚氨酯的综合性能最佳;一缩二乙二醇合成的TPU具有最佳的力学性能,而双酚A合成出来的TPU具有优异的熔体流动性,当双酚A与一缩二乙二醇的物质的量比为1/3时,聚醚型热塑性聚氨酯在保持一定力学性能的同时又具有较好的熔体流动性。     

嵌段聚氨酯脲的形态与性能——软链段结构和分子量的影响

合成了不同软链段长度的聚醚型、聚酯型嵌段聚氨酯脲弹性体,以及聚醚-聚酯软链段聚氨酯脲弹性体(PUU)。借助SEM、DSC以及拉伸试验机分析其结构、形态对力学性能的影响。研究表明,相分离程度随软链段分子量的提高而提高。在软链段分子量相同时,聚醚为基础的PUU的相分离程度较聚酯为基础的PUU高。以聚醚-聚酯为软链段的PUU呈现了聚醚型和聚酯型PUU的各自形态,有较大的相区尺寸和较明显的相界面。力学性能数据证实了形态研究的结果。     

顾卫东:责任使他永不满足

上海高桥石油化工公司的聚氨酯事业部隶属于中国石油化工集团公司,以生产环氧丙烷、聚醚多元醇、聚合物多元醇系列为主,2003年该事业部创造了六项全国同类企业第一的记录,即聚醚产量109073吨、销售收入94412万元、利润2702万元,均居全国第一;人均聚醚产量219吨、人均销售收入190     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of