Ti微合金化汽车大梁钢510L的组织性能

通过层流冷却及卷取过程模拟实验和实验室热轧实验研究了冷却工艺参数对Ti微合金化汽车大梁钢510L组织性能的影响规律,并在生产现场进行了工业试制.结果表明,大冷速有利于弥散细小的TiC粒子析出,冷速和终冷温度对实验钢强度的影响是细晶强化、析出强化和相变强化共同作用的结果,N含量显著影响Ti的析出强化效果,在冶炼时应严格控制钢中的N含量,否则将对钢板的性能产生较大的影响.实现了低成本Ti微合金化汽车大梁钢510L的批量稳定生产.     

异步热轧对低合金钢显微组织及力学性能的影响

分别采用同步热轧及异速比为1.2的异步热轧对低合金钢进行热轧,研究异步热轧对低合金钢显微组织及力学性能的影响机制.结果表明,与同步热轧相比,异步热轧可显著促进低合金钢奥氏体/铁素体相变,提高热轧钢板厚度方向的组织均匀性.同步热轧工艺下,钢板表层为细晶铁素体层,厚度1/4或1/2处组织为粗大的贝氏体.异步热轧工艺下,钢板板厚方向主要为均匀的铁素体组织.两种热轧条件下,实验钢的抗拉强度和延伸率相当,分别为710~718 MPa和20%.采用异步热轧代替同步热轧后,实验钢的屈服强度由526MPa提高至561 MPa.这主要是由于同步热轧的钢板相变强化占主导,而异步热轧的钢板细晶强化相对较强.     

中国低活化马氏体钢组织性能及强化机理

通过光学显微镜、透射电镜和化学相分析等方法研究了中国低活化马氏体(CLAM)钢的组织特征、析出行为及其与性能的关系.结果表明:CLAM钢淬火态组织为马氏体,760℃回火后组织转变为细小均匀的索氏体.其室温下的抗拉强度为697MPa,屈服强度为652MPa,延伸率为24.4%;600℃时抗拉强度为453MPa,屈服强度为452MPa,延伸率为23%.韧脆转变温度为-60℃.CLAM钢中的析出物主要为30～70 nm的M23C6和Ta(C,N),这些主要分布在晶界且少量弥散分布于晶内的析出物是强化CLAM钢的主要方式之一.     

引线框架用Cu-Ni-Si合金的发展及研究现状

综述了引线框架用Cu-Ni-Si合金的发展历史,阐述了Cu-Ni-Si合金的强化机制,指出时效强化是该合金的主要强化方式,形变强化和固溶强化在一定程度上影响合金的性能.归纳总结了该合金性能与Ni、Si元素的质量比值、添加微量P、Fe、Mg、Zn、Cr等元素的种类和数量之间的关系,并分析了微量P、Fe、Mg、Zn、Cr等元素对Cu-Ni-Si合金性能改善的机理.指出了Cu-Ni-Si合金是一种很有应用前景的引线框架材料,其强度一般为600～860 MPa,导电率为30～60%IACS.     

Q345C高强度厚板TMCP工艺

介绍了Q345C厚70 mm钢板的TMCP工艺,实现了对钢的强度、塑性和韧性的控制,研究了控制轧制工艺和钢的组织性能之间的关系,分析了钢的组织形貌.结果表明,采用该无热处理的未再结晶区大压下量TMCP工艺试验的厚板,轧后无论采用空冷还是加速冷却,力学性能都满足GB/T1591-94的要求,且厚度方向力学性能均匀性良好;加速冷却钢板铁素体晶粒细化更为明显,表面与心部铁素体晶粒尺寸稍有差异.为现场生产厚70mm钢板提供了有力的依据,节省了能源,降低了生产成本.     

控轧控冷工艺参数对B510L钢性能的影响

基于热轧轧机HSMM模型建立了与某钢厂实际热轧生产线相一致的虚拟生产线. 以B510L钢为研究对象,分析了不同加热温度、终轧温度和卷取温度下所能获得的铁素体晶粒尺寸及相应的力学性能,并在此基础上为该钢厂提出了生产6.4mm厚B510L带钢的最佳工艺参数.     

一种冷轧高强钢板的纳米析出物

在研究纳米析出强化热轧钢板的基础上,对该钢板进行了冷轧退火试验研究.采用透射电镜(TEM)和能谱分析等方法分析了析出物的分布和形貌,测定了两种纳米析出物的成分.结果表明,试验钢经退火处理后存在着两种形状的析出物,矩形析出物尺寸为30～50 nm,主要由TiN组成;圆形析出物为5～10 nm,主要由TiC组成.这些析出物的出现将直接影响实验钢的性能及应用.     

氧化物弥散强化钢的强化机理

采用粉末冶金法制备出成分为Fe-12.5Cr-2.5W-0.4Ti-0.02V-0.4Y₂O₃（12Cr-ODS,质量分数,%）的铁素体钢.通过电镜观察及力学性能测试等手段研究了12Cr-ODS铁素体钢的组织与性能,并定量计算了不同强化机制对合金屈服强度的贡献.电镜观察发现12Cr-ODS钢为等轴的铁素体组织,平均晶粒尺寸为1.5μm,不同尺寸氧化物在基体中均匀分布.力学性能测试结果表明12Cr-ODS钢具有优异的室温拉伸性能,屈服强度达到738 MPa.合金主要强化机制为氧化物弥散强化、氧化物弥散强化钢加工强化、热错配位错强化和晶界强化机制,各种强化机制计算得到的理论屈服强度为750 MPa,与实测值吻合较好.     

超快冷下X65管线钢微观组织演变及强化机制分析

基于热连轧生产线开发了X65管线钢超快冷新工艺，系统表征了该工艺下实验钢的微观组织特征，并进一步讨论了其强化机制.结果表明，超快冷下X65管线钢微观组织为细小针状铁素体(AF)+准多边形铁素体(QPF)+M/A岛+弱化珠光体(DP)混合组织，有效晶粒尺寸为2.93μm，大角晶界百分比为31.5%;实验钢组织亚结构为细小的块状铁素体，铁素体尺寸分布在200~1000nm;在铁素体基体上析出了大量尺寸＜10nm的Nb(C，N)粒子;实验钢各项力学性能均满足API SPEC 5L标准要求.超快冷工艺下X65管线钢的主要强化机制为细晶强化、固溶强化、位错强化及纳米析出强化的耦合强化，其中纳米析出强化强度贡献值为96.1MPa.     

氧化物弥散强化钢的强化机理

采用粉末冶金法制备出成分为Fe-12.5Cr-2.5W-0.4Ti-0.02V-0.4Y2O3 (12Cr-ODS,质量分数,％)的铁素体钢.通过电镜观察及力学性能测试等手段研究了12Cr-ODS铁素体钢的组织与性能,并定量计算了不同强化机制对合金屈服强度的贡献.电镜观察发现12Cr-ODS钢为等轴的铁素体组织,平均晶粒尺寸为1.5 μm,不同尺寸氧化物在基体中均匀分布.力学性能测试结果表明12Cr-ODS钢具有优异的室温拉伸性能,屈服强度达到738 MPa.合金主要强化机制为氧化物弥散强化、氧化物弥散强化钢加工强化、热错配位错强化和晶界强化机制,各种强化机制计算得到的理论屈服强度为750 MPa,与实测值吻合较好.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that