航天企业基于知识流的知识管理体系框架

针对航天企业实施知识管理的薄弱环节,从系统工程角度出发,在简述企业知识管理体系基本功能的基础上,提出了基于知识流的知识管理体系框架和主要设计原则。重点阐述了基于知识流的航天企业知识管理框架模型和知识管理体系框架,并针对航天企业科研生产一体化的特点,分析了航天型号全寿命过程中从预研到研制过程的知识管理流程,以及研制过程与批生产过程的知识集成模式。对知识管理体系框架下科研生产一体化的发展趋势进行了初步探讨。     

ELECTRONIC DISCLOSURE AND FINANCIAL KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT

1. Introduction Majority of financial information are disseminated through the Internet, every day, huge amount of financial information are generated but the utilization is not good enough: according to the 10th WWW User Survey by the Graphics, Visualization, and Usability Centre (GVU 1998), more than 45 percent of the respondents felt that they were not able to find the information they needed. A study of the Internet demography showed that searching, retrieving, and utilizing the avail…     

Dynamic models of technology management capability development based on knowledge diffusion

Technology management is recognized as a key for organizations to achieve competitiveness.How to promote an organization's technology management capability is of great significance in creating efficiencies and achieving a competitive edge. The knowledge essence of technology management capability is introduced and then the correlation between knowledge diffusion and the development of technology management capability is discussed. Further, the basic and extended dynamic models of the development of technology management capability are constructed, and is applied into an enterprise. The results show that the dynamic models can well explain how the knowledge improves the development of technology management capability, and they can be used as an useful tool by an enterprise to promote technology management capability. Finally, the managerial implications of the models are discussed.     

一种基于角色的知识管理系统的动态组装模

在分析了知识管理系统(KMS)的组装技术和基于角色访问控制(RBAC)的特点的基础上,提出了一种基于角色的知识管理系统动态组装模型,并且还进一步给出了该模型中访问控制表的设计、知识管理系统的动态组装模型和客户程序与知识管理系统构成组件间的交互过程。基于角色的访问控制可以将KMS的使用置于多级的访问控制保护之下,增加了KMS与知识库的安全系数,从而有效地支持知识的动态重用、知识使用过程的动态重组,增强知识管理系统的分布式处理能力和规模可扩展能力,还可以在不影响KMS运行的前提下,实时的更新、升级系统的各个功能;易于实现有效的知识管理,以及知识资源的共享和充分运用。最后,通过一个实例说明了给出模型的实现技术。     

卫星数字图像的智能处理研究

在借鉴成熟的数字图像特征分类模型基础上，通过特征抽取及采用神经网络方法对特征树训练，得到卫星数字图像的典型特征和在图像分析中的权重。提出利用数字图像的经验处理知识来实现卫星数字图像的自动处理，并建立分类数字图像集的经典处理案例，采用基于案例推理的方法，实现了卫星数字图像处理经验的复用和效率的提高。     

Discovery of latent structures: Experience with the CoIL Challenge 2000 data set*

The authors present a case study to demonstrate the possibility of discovering complex and interesting latent structures using hierarchical latent class （HLC） models. A similar effort was made earlier by Zhang （2002）, but that study involved only small applications with 4 or 5 observed variables and no more than 2 latent variables due to the lack of efficient learning algorithms. Significant progress has been made since then on algorithmic research, and it is now possible to learn HLC models with dozens of observed variables. This allows us to demonstrate the benefits of HLC models more convincingly than before. The authors have successfully analyzed the CoIL Challenge 2000 data set using HLC models. The model obtained consists of 22 latent variables, and its structure is intuitively appealing. It is exciting to know that such a large and meaningful latent structure can be automatically inferred from data.     

Knowing and Acting in Conditions of Uncertainty: A Complexity Perspective

As practitioners working with groups and organizations, we have reflected together on what we think is happening when we find ourselves acting into situations in which the intention motivating the action as its goal is itself emerging in the very action. Along with others, we have been excited by the ideas of self-organization in the natural sciences and also theories of practice, for example, tacit and explicit knowledge, in the social sciences. Together, these promise fresh insights into the potential of organizations. However, we find ourselves diverging significantly from writers who at first sight seem to be using similar ideas, but they do so with an exclusive focus on strategic choice and intention. To illustrate what we mean, we explore the work of Nonaka and Takeuchi and how they use Polanyi's idea of the participant observer. We do this to identify contradictions we see in their approach. We also discuss the implications of an alternative understanding of participation and what this indicates about what can and cannot be managed in the creation of new knowledge.     

基于人工神经网络的案例检索与案例维护

传统的案例推理系统中,案例检索和案例维护作为两个相互独立的任务分别考虑。而对于案例维护以案例库为纽带,直接为案例检索服务的内在联系没有充分研究。在分别论述案例检索、案例维护,以及人工神经网络在案例推理系统中的应用研究现状基础上,进一步探讨了采用人工神经网络方法实现案例检索和案例维护的整体设计方案,并阐述了其中技术细节。最后,以某产品设计应用为背景,设计并实现了一个反向传播神经网络作为案例检索和案例维护方法,验证了结论的正确性。     

企业知识管理系统相对柔性的DEA方法

从社会-技术系统角度理解企业知识管理系统(enterprise knowledge management system，EKMS)柔性的组成．在建立相应的测度企业知识管理系统柔性指标体系基础上，利用DEA方法，选择合适的比较模型，分析企业知识管理系统相对柔性．从而促使企业从影响企业知识管理系统柔性的有关指标着手，分析现存的问题及其产生原因，以增强企业适应复杂多变的市场环境的能力．     

知效用的测度方法研究

针对知识效用的定量测度问题,提出以知识解决的问题量来计算知识效用,使用选择权值、状态转移概率、模糊隶属度直接计算问题量,获得了与信息熵计算相似的知识效用测度公式。数值计算结果与人们使用知识的印象一致。如果一个知识解决多个问题,其效用数量不变,符合知识的共享性和可重用性,可用于教育、情报、管理和经济等领域定量评价核心知识或原始知识创新。     

农业知识模型研究初探

将数学模型理论运用到知识表达中去,提出了知识模型表达方式思想,并阐述了农业知识模型的基本理论和实现方式,建立了作物气候适应性知识模型系统。参7。     

Research of united model of knowledge discovery state space and its application

1.INTRODUCTION Atpresent,complextypedatamining,suchasmulti media,audio,video,image,Webpage,spatial tem poraldataetc.,isreceivingmoreandmoreattention frombothresearchandbusinesscommunity.Howto exploittheexistingminingtechniquesofstructured datatocomplextypesofdata?Canweproposeacom montheoreticalframeworkforminingbothstructured dataandcomplextypesofdata?Wethinkitisurgent forustotrytoanswertheabovequestions.Fromdifferentperspectives,suchasevidencetheo ry,roughsetetc.,someresearchershaveprop…     

Case Study Application of VSM to Transfer Pricing

Transfer pricing is a challenging problem for MNEs. This research reports quantitative results from a survey of Taiwanese MNEs operating in China, indicating differences between method frequency domestically and internationally, and mainly authoriarian top down transfer pricing decision-making. A transfer pricing system, based on the viable system model (VSM), is proposed to introduce an open systems holistic approach. The proposed VSM transfer pricing system is applied in seven MNEs, and the outcome of the applications is reported from interviews with CEOs. The proposed VSM transfer pricing system was reported to lead to improved transfer pricing decision-making, because of more complete information, integrated information flow, people know their responsibilities, more accountability, fewer conflicts, more participation, and more proactivity.     

神经网络在预测中的一些应用研究

预测是一个很难的研究课题,近来利用新的科学理论探索新的预测方法是预测界人士进行预测课题研究的一个重要方面．其中人工神经网络在预测领域中的应用研究进展最快,它包括研究神经网络预测方法和神经网络在预测过程中作为辅助工具．本文介绍几种主要的神经网络预测方法及其应用和利用神经网络确定ＡＲＭＡ 模型的结构．     

The Need for a Systemic Approach to Change Management—A Case Study

Change is now a constant feature of organizational life, but the effectiveness of change management initiatives is often open to question. By reflecting on a case of change management involving a Higher Education Institution (HEI), this paper argues that, to be more effective, organizational change must be managed systemically. The paper first provides a systemic conceptual underpinning to change management, and then examines the case by comparing what had really happened with what might have happened if organizational change had been managed systemically. The analysis helps build an improved understanding of change management, and provides implications for future change management practice.     

基于社会技术视角的企业知识管理系统评价

针对如何评价企业知识管理系统的问题,从社会技术视角出发,将企业知识管理系统视为一个社会技术系统。综合分析了评价知识管理系统应该考虑的性能、功能、环境、成本和人性化等方面主要因素,建立了一套包括企业知识管理系统的系统性能、系统功能、系统环境、系统成本和人性化等5个不同社会和技术方面的评价指标体系,并在此基础上,提出了一种基于语言符号运算的企业知识管理系统的综合评价方法。最后,实现了一个在线的评价系统,并通过一个应用案例,进一步说明了所给出方法的有效性。     

运用思维科学探究系统直觉

本文的主旨在于运用钱学森所创建的思维科学思想与方法探讨系统直觉的含义、内容与特点等问题.系统直觉作为系统思维方式之一,是一种能够把复杂问题看作是系统问题或者创想出新的系统的直观能力,对不同类型的人起到不同的作用.文中对其思维科学基础以及其与知识和学习的关系,系统直觉如何受文化环境的影响,以及其正确运用与直觉能力培养等问题进行了探讨,最后提出一些有待深入探讨的问题.     

非平稳环境下提高神经网络辨识能力的新方法

利用非平稳环境下系统时变参数变化规律的先验信息，构造参数转移矩阵来刻画系统的时变动态特征，并基于此推导了非平稳环境下神经网络训练的改进的卡尔曼滤波算法．仿真结果表明：该方法显著地提高了神经网络在非平稳环境下的辨识能力。     

基于专家知识的ANFIS软件质量评价建模与仿真

通过研究目前广泛用于软件质量评判的模糊综合评判法,分析了该方法存在的不足,并提出了基于专家知识的自适应神经推理(adaptive neural-fuzzy inference system,ANFIS)软件质量评价模型。在建模过程中,利用专家知识获取输入指标的不同重要度,对指标进行修正作为软件质量评判模型的输入,结合ANFIS的自适应、自学习特性,实现了软件质量评价过程中推理规则适应度、隶属度函数形状及参数的自适应调节,提高了质量评判模型的可信度、准确度。最后运用该模型对嵌入式软件质量进行评价,仿真和试验结果说明了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

电路仿真与故障知识获取研究

为解决故障诊断专家系统的故障知识获取的“瓶颈”问题,利用电路仿真软件Multisim2001对某型导弹发射车的电控系统电路进行仿真。通过仿真获得导弹发射车的电控系统电路的故障参数,获取功能-故障之间的对应关系,建立了故障诊断专家系统知识库,为解决故障诊断专家系统的知识获取问题提供了一个新的思路。