不同提取剂对红花桑寄生叶抗氧化活性的影响

测定了红花桑寄生(寄主夹竹桃)叶的水、体积分数80%甲醇和体积分数80%丙酮3种提取物抗氧化活性.结果表明:3种溶剂提取物均具有自由基清除能力,在3种溶剂提取物中,体积分数80%丙酮提取物清除DPPH自由基能力最强(ρEC50=0.306mg/mL),抗氧化能力最强,FRAP和TEAC值分别为0.81,1.62.3种提取物抗氧化活性从高至低依次为丙酮提取物、甲醇提取物、水提取物.此外,体积分数80%丙酮提取物中总酚(22.89%)和总黄酮(11.61%)也高于其他2种.可见,提取剂的性质对红花桑寄生叶提取物抗氧化活性的影响显著.     

清香木提取物抗氧化能力和酪氨酸酶活性抑制能力的研究

清香木(Pistacia weinmannifolia)是漆树科(Anacardiaceae)黄连木属(Pistacia)中的一种集绿化、药用、抑菌和美容等效用为一体的多效植物.研究通过水提法、醇提法提取清香木叶中有效成分,测定其中的多酚和黄酮含量、体外抗氧化能力(包括DPPH、ABTS~+和羟自由基清除能力)、及酪氨酸酶抑制能力.结果表明,水提液中多酚和黄酮质量比(干重,DW)分别为42.67 mg/g和18.69 mg/g,明显高于醇提液;体外抗氧化能力分析结果表明,水提液清除DPPH、ABTS~+和羟自由基IC50分别为7.95、11.71、3.26 mg/mL,清除能力远高于醇提液;酶促动力学实验证明,清香木水提液对酪氨酸酶活性有明显的抑制作用,并且随着浓度升高其抑制作用愈显著,当质量浓度达到0.2 mg/mL时,抑制率可高达80%;进一步相关性分析表明,清香木多酚和黄酮含量与DPPH、ABTS~+和羟自由基、酪氨酸酶活性抑制IC50值都具有显著的负相关性.综上,可以认为清香木叶提取物中含有丰富的多酚和黄酮类活性物质,可有效清除自由基,抑制酪氨酸酶活性.     

牛扁抗氧化和抗菌活性研究

为了有效利用野生牛扁资源,对牛扁不同极性提取物的活性进行了研究.结果表明牛扁提取物具有良好的抗氧化活性和抑菌活性.其中乙酸乙酯、正丁醇提取物对ABTS、DPPH、·OH自由基清除活性较强;石油醚提取物对ABTS、DPPH、·OH自由基清除能力次之;水提取物对ABTS自由基清除能力较好.乙酸乙酯提取物对白色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌均具有较强的抑菌活性,最低抑制浓度均为12.5mg/m L;正丁醇提取物对白色葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌具有抑制作用,最低抑制浓度分别为100mg/m L、25mg/m L.     

地黄功能因子提取物体外抗氧化活性及α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性研究

通过体外试验，探讨了DHTW抗氧化活性及α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性，为地黄降糖功能因子的开发利用提供理论依据.采用紫外分光光度法(UV)测定DHTW清除DPPH、ABTS等自由基的能力，利用酶标仪测定DHTW抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶的活性.结果表明：(1)DHTW均具有抗氧化活性，质量浓度在0～6 mg/mL内，随着浓度的增加，抗氧化活性也不断增加，当溶液达到一定浓度后，抗氧化性趋于稳定.(2)DHTW的DPPH自由基清除能力IC₅₀值分别为：醇洗脱物DHY(0.087 mg/mL)、粗提物DHC(2.987 mg/mL)、水洗脱物DHS(3.024 mg/mL)，故自由基清除能力表现为：DHY>DHC>DHS.(3)DHTW的ABTS自由基清除能力IC₅₀值分别为：DHY(0.137 mg/mL)、DHC(1.463 mg/mL)、DHS(2.168 mg/mL),ABTS自由基清除率表现为：DHY>DHC>DHS.(4)DHTW对α-葡萄糖苷酶均有明显的抑制作用，其中，DHY有较明显的抑制能力，α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性明显优...     

红参多糖体外抗氧化的研究

目的:研究不同醇沉浓度提取的红参多糖的体外抗氧化能力,并用Vc作为阳性对照。方法:用紫外分光光度法研究红参多糖和Vc清除DPPH自由基和羟自由基的能力来评价其抗氧化活性。结果:80%醇沉的红参多糖对DPPH自由基、羟自由基清除效果最好,IC_(50)分别为0.81,0.44mg/mL;30%醇沉的红参多糖对DPPH自由基也有清除效果,但相对较弱,IC_(50)为12.74mg/mL;50%醇沉的红参多糖对羟自由基的清除效果最差。结论:红参多糖具有较强的抗氧化作用,其中80%醇沉红参多糖抗氧化作用最强。     

尖顶羊肚菌胞外多糖提取物延缓衰老作用的实验研究

检测了尖顶羊肚菌胞外多糖提取物对超氧阴离子、羟基自由基及ABTS自由基的抑制作用，评价体外抗氧化活性，用其灌胃衰老模型小鼠，观察其对小鼠大脑超氧化物歧化酶活性、脂褐素和丙二醛含量的影响。结果表明:2mg/mL 的尖顶羊肚菌胞外多糖提取物对超氧阴离子的抑制率为43.06%，1mg/mL的尖顶羊肚菌胞外多糖提取物对羟基自由基的抑制率为72.40%， 0.1mg/mL的尖顶羊肚菌胞外多糖提取物对ABTS自由基的抑制率为77.43%；50 mg/kg?d 的尖顶羊肚菌胞外多糖提取物能使雄性、雌性小鼠脑SOD活性分别提高20.70%、21.13%， LF含量分别降低35.14%、46.93%，MDA含量分别减少15.10%、15.61%。表明尖顶羊肚菌胞外多糖提取物具有良好的抗氧化和延缓衰老作用，对雌性小鼠延缓衰老效果略优于对雄性小鼠.延缓衰老作用，其延缓衰老的效果具有性别的差异，对雌性小鼠延缓衰老效果略优于对雄性小鼠.     

贡山厚朴多酚含量的测定及其抗氧化活性研究

采用冷浸提取法、回流提取法及超声提取法对贡山厚朴皮进行提取,对提取物中的多酚类化合物含量进行了测试,结果表明回流提取法的多酚提取率最高,为10.2%.利用微生物纸片法、DPPH法以及连苯三酚红褪色光度法对贡山厚朴乙醇提取物的抗氧化性能进行了评估,发现该提取物对活性氧(主要是1O2)有中等强度的清除活性,对DPPH自由基和羟自由基有较好的清除活性,其半数清除浓度分别为0.744 mg/m L及1.805 mg/m L.     

中华补血草根提取物抗氧化活性的初步研究

利用不同的方法(还原能力、DPPH法、TEAC法和脂质体过氧化)评价了中华补血草根提取物的抗氧化活性,同时测定了其总酚、黄酮和原花青素的质量分数.结果显示:中华补血草根提取物中总酚、黄酮和原花青素的质量分数分别为55.55%、24.60%、23.86%.同时发现,根提取物具有很强的还原能力、较强的清除DPPH自由基及ABTS自由基能力,当提取物质量浓度为0.20 mg/mL时,其在700 nm处的吸光值为1.472,对DPPH自由基的清除率达93.23%,TEAC值为0.69;中华补血草根提取物对大豆卵磷脂脂质体体系中所产生的共轭二烯氢过氧化物(CD-POV)的抑制率为79.03%(96 h),比槲皮素(84.67%)略低,而对丙二醛(MDA)的抑制率则为93.36%(96 h),同样略低于槲皮素(96.54%).可见,中华补血草根提取物具明显的抗氧化活性.     

土家药食资源藤茶提取物体外抗氧化活性研究

系统探讨民族药藤茶的体外抗氧化活性,为藤茶的进一步产业开发与资源利用提供科学依据.分别采用DPPH自由基清除法、羟基自由基清除法、超氧阴离子清除法,以及FRAP法检测总抗氧化能力共4种体外抗氧化活性实验,系统观察藤茶对不同自由基的抗氧化活性.结果显示,藤茶提取物对DPPH自由基、羟基自由基以及超氧阴离子自由基均显示出明显的清除或抑制作用,总抗氧化能力明显增加,且上述作用均呈一定的剂量依赖性.其中药物对DPPH清除作用的IC50值为0.338 mg/m L,对羟基自由基清除作用的IC50值为18.713mg/m L,对超氧阴离子抑制的最大活性值高达263.1U/L,总抗氧化能力也达到19.76 m M.表明藤茶具有确切的体外抗氧化活性.     

32株银杏内生真菌清除DPPH自由基活性的比较研究

采用液体摇瓶培养的方法,以DPPH自由基清除率为指标,对32株银杏内生真菌发酵液的甲醇提取物抗氧化活性进行初筛,不同菌株清除DPPH自由基活性差异较大,其中4株菌株DPPH自由基清除率显著高于其他菌株,分别为96.68%、96.09%、85.32%和84.48%.在此基础上,对8株DPPH自由基清除率较高菌株菌丝体的甲醇、乙酸乙酯、异丙醇、水4种溶剂提取物的DPPH自由基清除率进行比较,结果表明,甲醇和水提取效果较好,优于乙酸乙酯和异丙醇,其中GCZX015菌株菌丝体甲醇提取物DPPH自由基清除活性最强为93.97%,GCZX018菌株菌丝体异丙醇提取物DPPH自由基清除活性最低,仅为0.11%.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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