疫霉菌对嫁接辣椒叶片中POD,SOD,MDA活性变化的影响

为了解乐都长辣椒嫁接后其叶片中POD,SOD,MDA含量变化与抗性的关系,以引自日本的高抗辣椒资源2号为砧木,乐都长辣椒为接穗,通过灌根法进行人工接种疫霉菌,接水植株作为对照,测定接种后嫁接苗叶片中POD,SOD,MDA含量变化。结果表明:在嫁接乐都长辣椒接种疫霉菌后叶片中,POD,SOD,MAD含量都随接种时间延长逐渐增加后又降低,而接水的对照变化趋势较小。嫁接辣椒叶片中POD,SOD,MAD含量是其抗病性增强的重要因素。     

两类柑橘杂种砧木对国庆4号温州蜜柑幼树的影响

以体细胞杂种红橘+枳和红橘+粗柠檬、有性杂种Troyer枳橙和Swingle枳柚、枳(对照)作砧木的‘国庆4号'温州蜜柑幼树为试材,通过盆栽试验研究了砧木对幼树的影响.结果表明两类杂种砧木处理的生长势强于对照;不同种类的砧木对叶片各种矿质营养含量具有明显的影响;4种处理叶片光合色素含量和叶绿素a/b高于对照或与其差异不显著;两种体细胞杂种砧木处理的碳水化合物含量高于对照或与其差异不显著,而两种有性杂种砧木处理的碳水化合物含量低于对照或与其差异不显著;对照的叶片在POD活性上高于处理,两种体细胞杂种砧木处理在叶片POD活性上介于两种有性杂种砧木处理之间;两年里叶片POD活性分别与当年树冠体积极显著负相关.     

嫁接对三种酿酒葡萄叶片生理与酶活性的影响

为了探讨嫁接对三种酿酒葡萄叶片生理特性与酶活性的影响,以5BB为砧木,黑比诺,赤霞珠,梅鹿辄为接穗进行嫁接,测定并比较嫁接苗叶片中丙二醛含量、叶绿素含量、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶的活性。结果表明:通过嫁接,黑比诺四种酶活性都显著提高;梅鹿辄叶片中PPO活性降低,SOD,CAT,POD活性都显著提高;赤霞珠POD活性下降,对其他3种酶无显著影响。     

宝鸡市不同小麦品种水培叶片抗性指标差异分析

目的了解宝鸡市不同小麦品种的抗逆性,筛选该区适合种植的小麦品种。方法选取11个冬小麦品种的种子为研究对象,以丙二醛(MDA)含量、过氧化物酶(POD)活性和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性为抗逆性指标进行分析,最后对这几个指标进行相关分析。结果 (1)不同品种小麦叶片MDA含量差异显著(F=32.29,P0.01),以宝研85叶片的MDA含量最高,为22.95 mmol·g~(-1)FW,以周麦27和荔高2号MDA含量较低,分别为4.91和4.86mmol·g~(-1) FW;(2)不同品种小麦叶片过氧化物酶(POD)活性之间达到极显著差异(F=77.78,P0.01),其中,周麦27叶片的POD活性最强,为32.67U/min·g FW,宝研85叶片的POD活性最弱,为11.53U/min·g FW;(3)不同品种小麦叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性也达到极显著差异(F=15.83,P0.01),以周麦27叶片的超氧化物歧化酶活性最强,其值为43.76U/g FW,活性值最低的品种是宝研85,其值为39.21U/g FW;(4)不同品种间MDA含量与POD及SOD活性均呈现显著的负相关关系,相关系数分别为-0.75和-0.83,POD与SOD呈现显著的正相关关系,相关系数为0.68。结论宝鸡市主栽的11个小麦品种以周麦27的抗性最强,宝研85抗性较弱。     

高粱不同杂交品种不同时期抗性生理生化指标的比较

以国内22种高粱品种为试材,分别在其苗期、拔节期、抽穗期、成熟期获取高粱叶片,并测定超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性以及丙二醛(MDA)的含量。结果表明:辽粘3在苗期和拔节期的CAT活性和苗期的MDA含量均最高;辽杂19在苗期的POD活性和SOD活性均最高;辽杂36在抽穗期的MDA含量和POD活性均最高,成熟期的CAT活性最高;辽2297在拔节期SOD活性最高,在抽穗期的SOD活性最低;辽糯7在抽穗期的CAT活性和成熟期的POD活性均最高;003B在成熟期的SOD活性最高;P01B在拔节期和成熟期的MDA含量均最高;9544·7037在抽穗期的SOD活性最高;NK1在拔节期的POD活性最高。辽粘6在苗成熟期的MDA含量最低;0-01在苗期、拔节期和成熟期的POD活性均最低;LB-16在抽穗期的MDA含量最低;凡B-34在苗期的SOD活性最低。综上可以看出,辽粘3、辽杂19、辽糯7和辽杂36在其生长时期的抗逆性较强,辽粘6、0-01、LB-16和凡B-34的抗逆性最弱,其余8个品种的抗逆性相当。     

月季嫁接生理特性研究

为探究月季与不同砧木嫁接的亲和性差异，筛选较合适的嫁接砧木，以4种蔷薇、2种月季为试验材料，于嫁接成活后60 d,测定叶绿素、比叶重、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、脯氨酸、CAT、POD、SOD、MDA、PPO共10种生理指标。结果表明：1)不同砧木对植株叶绿素、比叶重、可溶性蛋白含量、脯氨酸含量、MDA含量、CAT、POD、PPO活性都有显著影响；嫁接在适宜的砧木上能提高月季营养物质的积累，增强月季抗性。2)综合各项指标显示，以紫蕾香水月季为砧木的花好月圆嫁接苗各项指标均表现优异，亲和性最好，可作为花好月圆嫁接优良砧木进行繁殖推广。     

PEG模拟干旱胁迫对入侵植物牛膝菊（Galinsoga parviflora）抗氧化物酶系统的影响

利用不同质量分数PEG-6000溶液,对牛膝菊（Galinsoga parviiflora）植株（株高30-40cm）进行干旱胁迫处理,研究了其叶片MDA（丙二醛）和可溶性蛋白含量、SOD（超氧化歧化酶）及POD（过氧化物酶）活性．结果表明,随着干旱胁迫强度增加,MDA含量、sOD活性和POD活性均呈现先上升后下降的趋势．PEG质量分数为20％时,MDA含量、SOD活性和POD活性达到最大值;PEG质量分数为15％时,可溶性蛋白含量达到最大值;PEG质量分数达到25％时,MDA含量、可溶性蛋白含量、SOD活性和POD活性降低．不同PEG质量分数处理,MDA含量、SOD活性、POD活性（除5％PEG外）均高于CK,但差异不显著（P〉0．05）,而不同PEG质量分数处理下可溶性蛋白的含量均低于CK,差异也不显著（P〉0．05）;随着干旱胁迫时间的延长,在不同PEG质量分数处理下,牛膝菊叶片MDA含量、SOD活性显著增加,可溶性蛋白含量显著减少,而POD活性具有明显阶段性变化：0～24h时间段,10％～20％PEG处理组POD活性呈递增趋势;24～48h时间段,10％～20％PEG处理组POD活性下降显著;48-72h时间段,10％～20％PEG处理组POD活性变化不明显,25％PEG处理组和CK的POD活性上升显著．     

水淹对三峡库区秋华柳抗性生理的影响

为探明三峡库区岸生植物秋华柳(Salix varegata Franch)的水淹耐受机理,以1年生秋华柳实生苗叶片为实验材料,测定了处理时间分别为3、9、15和30 d时未水淹对照植株和水淹2 m植株的超氧阴离子和丙二醛(MDA)的含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性.结果显示:水淹过程中,1)水淹2 m植株超氧阴离子含量显著上升,但在水淹9 d之前与对照相比无显著差异;2)水淹2 m植株SOD和POD活性显著上升,分别在水淹15、30 d时达到最大值,两者均与超氧阴离子含量呈显著正相关;3)水淹2 m植株MDA含量均高于对照,并在水淹15、30 d时差异显著,但不同水淹持续时间差异不显著.研究结果暗示出秋华柳通过提高酶活性来降低活性氧对细胞膜的伤害以适应水淹胁迫.     

水分胁迫对生态恢复重要树种木荷与白楸幼苗的影响

采用盆栽控水试验,研究了水分胁迫下我国亚热带地区森林演替过程中的重要树种木荷(Schima superba)和白楸(Mallotus paniculatus)的幼苗叶片叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、SOD活性、POD活性、脯氨酸和MDA含量的变化.结果表明在干旱胁迫下,白楸叶片SOD活性、POD活性、脯氨酸和MDA含量在22%土壤相对含水量下均出现剧增,而Chla、Chlb和Car含量在22%的土壤相对含水量下则均出现降低;在同样的干旱胁迫下,木荷叶片SOD活性、POD活性和脯氨酸含量在19%的土壤相对含水量下才出现增加,而Chla、Chlb和Car含量则变化不大.在轻度淹水胁迫下,白楸叶片SOD活性、POD活性、脯氨酸和MDA含量基本呈增加趋势,而Chla、Chlb和Car含量呈降低趋势;木荷叶片SOD活性、POD活性和脯氨酸含量在同期规律不明显.相关分析表明,白楸叶片SOD活性同脯氨酸含量变化呈显著正相关(r=0.815,p《0.05)和MDA含量的变化呈极显著正相关(r=0.932,p《0.01).由此说明,水分胁迫下,白楸比木荷敏感,木荷的耐受力强于白楸.     

耐力训练后再力竭运动对小鼠血液部分生化指标的影响

建立了小鼠(雄性)耐力训练后再力竭运动的模型,测定了其血清谷丙转氨酶(SGPT)活性、血清谷草转氨酶(SGOT)活性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量与血红蛋白(Hb)含量的变化,探讨了耐力训练对提高机体抗疲劳能力的可能机制.实验结果显示,非耐力组运动即刻SGPT活性、SOD活性、SGOT活性、POD与CAT活性发生显著变化(P<0.05～0.01),而MDA与Hb含量无显著变化(P>0.05).耐力组运动即刻SGPT及CAT活性显著高于非耐力组(P<0.05～0.01),两组间SGOT活性、SOD与POD活性及MDA与Hb含量均无显著差异(P>0.05).经24h恢复后,非耐力组SGPT活性、CAT与SGOT活性及MDA含量均较运动即刻具有显著变化(P<0.05～0.01),而SOD与POD活性及Hb含量则无显著变化(P>0.05).耐力组SGPT活性、SGOT活性、CAT与SOD活性均较运动即刻有显著差异(P<0.05～0.01),POD活性、MDA与Hb含量则无显著变化(P>0.05).恢复后两组间SGPT活性、SGOT与CAT活性及Hb含量具有显著差异(P<0.05～0.01),SOD及POD活性则无显著差异(P>0.05).实验结果提示,耐力训练提高机体抗疲劳能力的可能机制与耐力训练能提高部分抗氧化酶的活性、保护组织并显著降低MDA含量有关.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~