Effect of Graphene Nanoplatelets addition on mechanical properties of pure aluminum using a semi-powder method

In recent years, graphene has attracted considerable research interest in all fields of science due to its unique properties. Its excellent mechanical properties lead it to be used in nano-composites for strength enhancement. This paper reports an Aluminum–Graphene Nanoplatelets(Al/GNPs)composite using a semi-powder method followed by hot extrusion. The effect of GNP nano-particle integration on tensile, compressive and hardness response of Al is investigated in this paper. It is demonstrated that 0.3 wt% Graphene Nanoplatelets distributed homogeneously in the matrix aluminum act as an effective reinforcing filler to prevent deformation. Compared to monolithic aluminum(in tension), Al–0.3 wt% GNPs composite exhibited higher 0.2% yield strength(+14.7%), ultimate tensile strength(+11.1%) and lower failure strain( -40.6%). Surprisingly, compared to monolithic Al(in compression), Al–0.3 wt% GNPs composite exhibited same 0.2% compressive yield strength and lower ultimate compression strength(- 7.8%),and lower failure strain(- 20.2%). The Al–0.3 wt% GNPs composite exhibited higher Vickers hardness compared to monolithic aluminum(+11.8%).Scanning electron microscopy(SEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy(EDS) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) were used to investigate the surface morphology, elemental percentage composition, and phase analysis, respectively.     

Mechanical properties of graphene nanoplatelets reinforced 7075 aluminum alloy composite fabricated by spark plasma sintering

A 0.3 wt% graphene nanoplatelets(GNPs) reinforced 7075 aluminum alloy matrix(7075 Al) composite was fabricated by spark plasma sintering and its strength and wear resistance were investigated. The microstructures of the internal structure, the friction surface, and the wear debris were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy. Compared with the original 7075 aluminum alloy, the hardness and elastic modulus of the 7075 Al/GNPs composite were found to have increased by 29% and 36%, respectively. The results of tribological experiments indicated that the composite also exhibited a lower wear rate than the original 7075 aluminum alloy.     

Fabrication and characterization of GNPs and CNTs reinforced Al7075 matrix composites through the stir casting process

This study investigated the effects of adding graphene nanoplates(GNPs) and carbon nanotubes(CNTs) into the Al7075 matrix via the stir casting method on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the fabricated composites. By increasing the volume fraction of reinforcements, the fraction of porosity increased. The X-ray diffraction results showed that the addition of reinforcements into the Al7075 changed the dominant crystal orientation from(002) to(111). Field emission scanning electron microscopy images also showed the distribution of clustered reinforcements in the matrix. Between the two reinforcements, the addition of CNTs generated a lower fraction of porosities. Through the addition of 0.52 vol% GNPs into the matrix, the hardness, ultimate tensile strength and uniform elongation increased by 44%, 32%, and180%, respectively. Meanwhile, the presence of 0.71 vol% CNTs in the matrix increased the hardness, tensile strength and uniform elongation by 108%, 129%, and 260%, respectively.     

Cu-(B4C)p metal matrix composites processed by accumulative roll-bonding

In this study, Cu/B4C metal matrix composites were prepared by accumulative roll-bonding (ARB). The microstructure of the processed samples was characterized by TEM, SEM and optical microscopy. The microhardness, uniaxial tensile and four-point probe tests were carried out to evaluate the mechanical properties and electrical resistivity of the ARBed monolithic and composite samples. The results showed that the reinforcement distribution was improved by increasing ARB cycles, which was quantitatively confirmed by some models. Based on TEM observations, the formation of an ultrafine grained structure in the composite matrix was also approved. It was shown that with increasing ARB cycles, the microhardness and tensile strength of the monolithic Cu samples were enhanced up to the 3rd cycle and then saturated, but the microhardness and tensile strength of the composites showed an increasing trend to the last cycle. Apart from a substantial improvement in the mechanical properties of the Cu/B4C composites, a minor decrement in electrical conductivity was detected after six ARB cycles.     

石墨烯增强铜基复合材料强度及机理研究

为了提升金属基复合材料的力学性能,采用FSP（friction stir processing）方法制备铜/石墨烯复合材料,通过金属显微组织观察试验和力学试验对试样进行分析,探究搅拌工具转速和石墨烯添加量对复合材料微观组织特征、抗拉强度的影响规律,并对复合材料的强化机理进行研究。结果表明,石墨烯对铜基体的作用主要体现在载荷传递和阻碍铜基体中的位错运动和晶界长大方面,随着石墨烯的引入,焊核区晶粒发生了明显细化;晶粒细化的原因是搅拌工具的机械搅拌作用和晶粒再结晶过程中石墨烯对晶粒长大产生了阻碍作用;与母材相比,铜/石墨烯复合材料的抗拉强度提升了5%,最高可达277.49 MPa。因此,采用FSP方法可制备性能良好、石墨烯分布均匀的铜/石墨烯复合材料,新方法有效提升了铜合金材料的力学性能,可为复合材料的广泛应用提供理论基础和技术参考。     

搅拌铸造法制备和表征GNPs和CNTs增强Al 7075基复合材料

This study investigated the effects of adding graphene nanoplates (GNPs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into the Al7075 matrix via the stir casting method on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the fabricated composites. By increasing the volume fraction of reinforcements, the fraction of porosity increased. The X-ray diffraction results showed that the addition of reinforcements into the Al7075 changed the dominant crystal orientation from (002) to (111). Field emission scanning electron microscopy images also showed the distribution of clustered reinforcements in the matrix. Between the two reinforcements, the addition of CNTs generated a lower fraction of porosities. Through the addition of 0.52vol% GNPs into the matrix, the hardness, ultimate tensile strength and uniform elongation increased by 44%, 32%, and 180%, respectively. Meanwhile, the presence of 0.71vol% CNTs in the matrix increased the hardness, tensile strength and uniform elongation by 108%, 129%, and 260%, respectively.     

石墨烯增强铝基复合材料研究进展

铝基复合材料作为金属基复合材料中最重要的材料之一,在工业生产以及日常生活中有着非常广泛的应用。石墨烯由于其高导热性、高阻尼性、高弹性模量、高强度以及良好的自润滑性成为复合材料中重要的增强体。将石墨烯用作增强体增强铝基复合材料有着非常大的应用潜力。归纳了石墨烯增强铝基复合材料的研究进展;总结了影响其性能的主要因素即增强体材料种类,石墨烯在铝基体中的均匀分散性以及铝基体与石墨烯之间的界面情况;介绍了石墨烯增强铝基复合材料的两种制备方法;分析了石墨烯增强铝基复合材料的增强机制;并展望了其发展前景,以期为制备高性能石墨烯增强铝基复合材料提供参考。     

三维石墨烯/铜基复合材料的制备及耐腐蚀性能研究

在实际应用中,铜基复合材料经常存在腐蚀失效的现象,而石墨烯以其独特的结构显示出卓越的耐腐蚀性能。为了改善铜基复合材料的耐腐蚀性能,设计并烧结制备了三维石墨烯/铜基复合材料。研究表明,在三维石墨烯/铜基复合材料中,石墨烯形成三维互联互通结构,充分发挥了对铜基体的保护作用。与孔隙铜相比,在质量分数为3.5% NaCl溶液中,三维石墨烯/铜基复合材料的腐蚀速率降低了约50%。石墨烯在金属防腐蚀领域将得到更加广阔的应用。通过研究三维石墨烯/铜基复合材料在FeCl₃溶液中的腐蚀行为,进一步揭示了三维石墨烯的耐腐蚀机理。     

带参数的渐近线性椭圆方程组解的分歧性

利用Lyapunov-Schmidt约化方法结合Rabinowitz大范围分歧理论,研究了一类带有参数的渐近线性椭圆方程组正、负解的存在性以及分歧性。首先给出了由正、负解所组成的连续统在分歧点附近的存在性,结合非线性项的合理假设,进而给出了连续统在分歧点附近沿着λ方向的分歧性态。     

石墨烯微片对放电等离子烧结制备铜基摩擦材料性能的影响

采用放电等离子烧结技术(spark plasma sintering,SPS)制备铜基粉末冶金摩擦材料,研究石墨烯微片含量对铜基粉末冶金摩擦材料物理性能和摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明：当石墨烯微片质量分数低于4%时,材料的密度、孔隙率和抗剪切强度随石墨烯微片含量的增加而升高;当石墨烯微片质量分数超过4%后,材料的密度、孔隙率及抗剪切强度随石墨烯微片含量的增加而略微减小;石墨烯微片质量分数为4%时,铜基粉末冶金摩擦材料具有最优的摩擦性能,此时其布氏硬度为82,剪切强度为98.73 MPa。     

Fabrication of homogeneously dispersed graphene/Al composites by solution mixing and powder metallurgy

Graphene-reinforced aluminum (Al) matrix composites were successfully prepared via solution mixing and powder metallurgy in this study. The mechanical properties of the composites were studied using microhardness and tensile tests. Compared to the pure Al alloy, the graphene/Al composites showed increased strength and hardness. A tensile strength of 255 MPa was achieved for the graphene/Al composite with only 0.3wt% graphene, which has a 25% increase over the tensile strength of the pure Al matrix. Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy were used to investigate the morphologies, chemical compositions, and microstructures of the graphene and the graphene/Al composites. On the basis of fractographic evidence, a relevant fracture mechanism is proposed.     

搅拌铸造法制备石墨烯增强铝基复合材料的组织和力学性能研究

石墨烯增强铝基复合材料满足轻量化用材的同时兼具良好的力学性能,是一种极具应用前景的复合材料。通过粉末混合、压坯和热还原,制备了含石墨烯的预制块,并将其作为中间体在搅拌铸造过程中加入,成功制备了石墨烯增强铝基复合材料。通过扫描电子显微镜、拉曼光谱、X射线衍射仪等表征了复合材料的微观组织结构;通过力学性能测试,研究了石墨烯含量对复合材料力学性能的影响。表征结果表明,搅拌铸造法制备的石墨烯增强铝基复合材料中石墨烯结构完整,复合材料的晶粒得到明显细化。拉伸试验表明,石墨烯质量分数为0.4%的铝基复合材料的综合力学性能最佳,抗拉强度、屈服强度和维氏硬度分别较同条件下制备的纯铝提高了55%、47%和63%。断裂机制研究结果表明,随着石墨烯含量的增加,复合材料由韧性断裂转变为脆性断裂。     

Surfactant-decorated graphite nanoplatelets (GNPs) reinforced aluminum nanocomposites: sintering effects on hardness and wear

The exceptional properties of graphene make it ideal as a reinforcement to enhance the properties of aluminum matrices and this critically depends on uniform dispersion. In this study, the dispersion issue was addressed by sonication and non-covalent surface functionalization of graphite nanoplatelets (GNPs) using two types of surfactant: anionic (sodium dodecyl benzene sulfate (SDBS)) and non-ionic polymeric (ethyl cellulose (EC)). After colloidal mixing with Al powder, consolidation was performed at two sintering temperatures (550 and 620℃). The structure, density, mechanical and wear properties of the nanocomposite samples were investigated and compared with a pure Al and a pure GNPs/Al nanocomposite sample. Noticeably, EC-based 0.5wt% GNPs/Al samples showed the highest increment of 31% increase in hardness with reduced wear rate of 98.25% at 620℃, while a 22% increase in hardness with reduced wear rate of 96.98% at 550℃ was observed, as compared to pure Al. Microstructural analysis and the overall results validate the use of EC-based GNPs/Al nanocomposites as they performed better than pure Al and pure GNPs/Al nanocomposite at both sintering temperatures.     

Graphene-reinforced aluminum matrix composites prepared by spark plasma sintering

Graphene-reinforced 7055 aluminum alloy composites with different contents of graphene were prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS). The structure and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated. Testing results show that the hardness, compressive strength, and yield strength of the composites are improved with the addition of 1wt% graphene. A clean, strong interface is formed between the metal matrix and graphene via metallurgical bonding on atomic scale. Harmful aluminum carbide (Al₄C₃) is not formed during SPS processing. Further addition of graphene (above 1wt%) results in the deterioration in mechanical properties of the composites. The agglomeration of graphene plates is exacerbated with increasing graphene content, which is the main reason for this deterioration.     

石墨烯增强铝基SiC复合材料的动态失效机理与抗侵彻性能

研究石墨烯增强铝基复合材料的动态力学性能、失效机理以及抗侵彻性能.通过静、动态压缩测试掌握了材料在0.001~5 200.000 s-1应变率范围内的力学性能,揭示了该材料的应变率效应,结合光学显微镜（OM）和扫描电镜（SEM）分析了该材料在静、动态压缩下的断裂机理;通过弹道枪试验掌握了该材料与Q235钢面板层叠构成复合结构及12~18 mm厚Q235A钢板的弹道极限速度及极限比吸收能.试验结果表明,Q235A钢/石墨烯增强铝基复合结构的极限比吸收能是12~14 mm厚度范围Q235A钢板的1.79倍,34.10 mm厚石墨烯增强铝基SiC复合材料的极限比吸收能与16.70 mm厚Q235A钢相当.      

不饱和树脂/石墨烯复合材料的制备及性能

采用球磨法制备不饱和聚酯树脂/石墨烯纳米复合材料,并对其力学性能、动态力学性能和导电性能进行研究.结果表明:石墨烯微片经过球磨被剥离成厚度低于5层的石墨烯;制备的不饱和聚酯树脂石墨烯复合材料与纯的不饱和聚酯树脂相比,当石墨烯的质量分数为0.5%时,复合材料的拉伸强度、杨氏模量、弯曲强度均达到最大值,分别提高44.99%,47.67%和55.08%;复合材料的冲击性能基本不受石墨烯加入的影响;且复合材料的渗滤阀值为6%.     

大变形条件下纤维增强复合材料的有效性能

纤维增强树脂基复合材料具有优异的力学性能,其应用领域十分广阔．在其中的许多应用中,复合材料会发生大变形．本文建立了大变形条件下纤维增强树脂基复合材料的细观力学模型和均匀化方法,计算了复合材料在不同应变情况下的有效切线模量,研究了纤维性能、体分比和组成方式对复合材料有效性能的影响．研究表明,在大变形条件下,复合材料的有效切线性能随着纤维性能和体分比的提高而显著提高,而纤维束增强复合材料的有效切线性能要优于单丝纤维增强复合材料的有效切线性能．     

雷击作用下复合材料层合板的烧蚀损伤表征及剩余强度影响因素分析

为表征复合材料雷击烧蚀损伤,基于唯象分析方法,建立了雷击烧蚀损伤引起的材料力学性能退化模型. 采用连续损伤力学(CDM)方法提出了复合材料雷电烧蚀损伤的三维渐进损伤退化模型,采用Hashin和Yeh分层失效准则,验证了失效点的发生情景. 根据所建立的模型和刚度矩阵渐进损伤退化模型的编码,利用ABAQUS软件并结合UMAT子程序预测了拉伸载荷下雷电烧蚀损伤复合材料层合板的残余强度,最终的仿真精度验证了该模型的有效性.     

表面改性剂对植物纤维/聚丙烯复合材料力学性能的影响

采用不同的表面改性剂(苯甲酸、硬脂酸、有机硅烷)对植物纤维/聚丙烯复合体系进行了处理,研究了表面改性剂对体系力学性能的影响规律,探讨了复合材料界面粘接机理,分析了力学性能的变化规律。研究结果表明,苯甲酸的加入可以使复合材料的拉伸强度有较大提高,但冲击强度下降;经硬脂酸处理的复合材料,其冲击强度有明显提高;经有机硅烷处理的复合材料,拉伸强度及冲击强度均有所提高。     

碳纤维增强碳化硅复合材料的力学性能与界面

以A1N和Y2O3为烧结助剂,采用先驱体转化-热压烧结的方法制备了Cf／SiC复合材料．研究了烧结温度对复合材料界面和力学性能的影响及烧结助剂对显微结构的影响．结果表明由于烧结时晶界液相和SiC-A1N固溶体的形成,当烧结温度为1750℃时,复合材料具有较高的致密度和较好的力学性能;当烧结温度升为1800℃时,在复合材料密度增大的同时,其力学性能也大幅度提高,此时复合材料抗弯强度与断裂韧性分别高达691.6MPa和20.7MPa·m1/2,复合材料呈现韧性断裂;进一步提高烧结温度至1850℃时,虽然复合材料的密度有所增加,但由于纤维,基体界面结合过强以及纤维本身性能退化加剧,复合材料呈现典型的脆性断裂,其力学性能急剧降低;纤维／基体的界面是导致纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料性能的关键因素,其中,纤维的脱粘与拔出是主要的增韧因素．