试样加入法-离子选择性电极测定氟

建立了一种离子选择性电极法测定高浓度氟的新方法.该方法在体积为100.0 ml、浓度为1.000×10-4 mol/l的标准溶液中加入1.000 ml高浓度试样,加入前后测定其电动势,由这两个电动势和溶液体积计算试样的含氟量.10次测定的标准偏差S小于0.004,相对标准偏差RSD小于4%,3个水平、6次测定的回收率在95.0%～101%之间.     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法同时测定不锈钢制品中铬、镍、铅、镉的析出量

建立电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法同时测定不锈钢制品中铬、镍、铅、镉的析出量。样品洗干净,凉干,加入4%(V:V)乙酸,小火煮沸0.5h,取下,补充4%(V:V)乙酸至原来体积,室温放置24h,取浸泡液测试。方法的检出限(DL)Cr:0.021μg/ml、,Ni:0.017μg/ml、Pb:0.050μg/ml、Cd:0.002μg/ml,线性相关系数都大于0.999,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于5%。测定值与国标法中原子吸收光谱法的测定值相比,结果相一致。     

对固相微萃取-GC-MS测定水中痕量氯乙酸的研究

固相萃取-目相微萃取-气质联用法对一氯乙酸、二氯乙酸、三氯乙酸进行分析,水样体积为200ml时,此方法检出限分别为:0.010mg/L、0.007mg/L、0.008mg/L,加标回收率为94～106%,5次平行测定的相对标准偏差为5.58～7.29%.取1000ml广州市自来水测定其中氯乙酸含量的结果是:一氯乙酸4....     

流动注射分析和离子选择电极联用测定水的pH值

提出了用FIA-ISE联用技术测定水的pH值的方法.以0.5 mol/L KNO3和1.0×10-7 mol/L NaH2PO4作载液,在pH 3.7～11.7范围内有良好的线性关系,用于实际试样分析,结果良好.分析速度可高达每小时150～200个试样,相对标准偏差为0.58%～2.0%.     

用原子吸收光谱法测定交联聚合物中的铬含量

用原子吸收光谱法直接测定了聚丙烯酰胺中的铬含量 ,并对影响铬测量值的因素进行了分析。实验结果表明 ,加入交联剂可有效地提高聚合物溶液的粘度 ,改善聚合物的抗温、抗盐、抗剪切的性能 ,从而提高聚合物驱油效果。对空白试剂进行了考察 ,该测量方法的相对标准偏差为 2 .3% ,试样加标回收率达到 95 %～ 10 5 %。铬的检出限为 0 .0 16mg/L。实际测定了不同浓度聚丙烯酰胺中的铬含量 ,测量结果的相对误差小于 1%。     

氧弹燃烧-离子选择性电极法测定豆类中的钙

采用氧弹燃烧-离子选择性电极法测定了豆类中的钙含量.首先对pCa-1-01型钙离子选择性电极的性能进行测试,此电极对钙离子浓度在0.1¹00 mmol·L-1范围内有较理想的能斯特响应,斜率为-29.33mV/pCa(25℃);然后用氧弹燃烧技术对样品进行预处理,酸液吸收燃烧所得产物;最后在样品液中加入离子强度调节溶液KCl及pH值为10的NH4Cl-NH3·H2O缓冲溶液后定容,用钙离子选择性电极测定溶液的电动势,再计算不同豆类中钙的含量.结果表明,黄豆中钙的含量最高,花豇豆中钙的含量最低,回收率为96.12%100 mmol·L-1范围内有较理想的能斯特响应,斜率为-29.33mV/pCa(25℃);然后用氧弹燃烧技术对样品进行预处理,酸液吸收燃烧所得产物;最后在样品液中加入离子强度调节溶液KCl及pH值为10的NH4Cl-NH3·H2O缓冲溶液后定容,用钙离子选择性电极测定溶液的电动势,再计算不同豆类中钙的含量.结果表明,黄豆中钙的含量最高,花豇豆中钙的含量最低,回收率为96.12%⁹8.06%,相对标准偏差在0.44%98.06%,相对标准偏差在0.44%¹.19%之间.     

二溴对甲基偶氮甲磺光度法测定水中硫酸根的研究

基于二溴对甲基偶氮甲磺与钡离子的显色反应 ,建立了间接光度法测定硫酸根 .在硫酸根的样品溶液中加入已知过量的钡 ,沉淀硫酸根后对钡离子进行测定 .工作波长为 6 32 nm ,εmax=6 .5 9× 10 4 L· mol- 1 · cm- 1 ,线性范围为 0～ 2 5μg/2 5 m L .考察了常见离子的干扰情况 ,提供了一种新的测定硫酸根的光度法 ,用于测定水中硫酸根含量 ,相对标准偏差小于 2 % ,加标回收率为 97%～ 10 6 %     

用原子吸收光谱法测定催化剂中的铂

建立了利用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定催化剂中铂含量的方法。在标准溶液和试样溶液中加入铜离子,可以消除其他离子的干扰,并且提高测定铂的灵敏度。实验表明,高浓度的铝对测定结果有影响,而酸度的影响很小。在一定的浓度下,Fe3+,Ni2+等7种干扰离子对测定结果的影响很小。该方法的检出限为0.044mg/L,加标回收率为99%～105%,相对标准偏差在0.73%左右。     

食品接触再生纸及其制品中19种含氯酚的测定及其迁移行为研究

采用气相色谱-质谱法测定食品接触材料中的再生纸及其制品中19种含氯苯酚的含量.选取0.1 mol/L的碳酸钾溶液作为浸泡液测定这些含氯苯酚的迁移量,以碳酸钾溶液为介质加入乙酸酐对含氯苯酚进行酯化,用正己烷提取分层,离心净化后,GC-MS定量检测.该方法的线性范围为0.05~10 mg/L,相关系数为0.998 9~0.999 8,加标回收率在86%~102%之间,相对标准偏差小于6.2%(n=6);迁移量相对标准偏差小于8%(n=6).1     

ICP-MS测定重金属含量及其不确定度评价

采用ICP-MS测定了人发、蔬菜、洗发剂、奶粉中几种重金属含量,研究了不同的消解条件对测定重金属的影响.应用扩展不确定度和合成不确定度对实验过程中的质量称量、消解过程、溶液体积,实验的重现性等引起的不确定性进行评价,确定了样品中重金属含量的区间范围,各个元素测定结果的相对标准偏差均小于5%,标准加入法测得样品中各元素回收率在98.56%-99.82%之间.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.