Inhibition of prostaglandin synthetase by psychotropic drugs

Zusammenfassung Psychopharmaka mit neuroleptischer, antidepressiver und/oder tranquillisierender Wirkung, die eine trizyklische Struktur besitzen, hemmen in vitro dosisabhängig die Prostaglandin-Synthetase, welche aus Ochsensamenblase isoliert wurde. Hingegen weist das Neuroleptikum Haloperidol, das sich strukturell von den anderen untersuchten Präparaten wesentlich unterscheidet, kaum einen solchen Effekt auf. Die pharmakologische Bedeutung dieser Befunde wird diskutiert.     

Suppression of PHA-induced lymphocyte blastogenesis by concomitant presence of PPD in the culture

Summary PHA-induced lymphocyte blastogenic response was remarkably suppressed by the simultaneous presence of PPD in cultures of lymphocytes derived from individuals sensitized to PPD, but not affected by the presence of PPD when the cultures contained lymphocytes from an individual not sensitized to the protein. This double stimulation blastogenesis study with PHA and a specific antigen is feasible as a simple and rapid test to measure cell-mediated immunity to the antigen.Supported by United States grant USPHS Grant AM 27384.     

Toxicity of psychotropic drugs inDrosophila melanogaster

Zusammenfassung Toxische Wirkungen von Chlorpromazin und von Tranylcypromin aufDrosophila melanogaster werden beschrieben.     

The radioprotective effects of psychotropic drugs

Zusammenfassung Die Neuroleptika Melleril ®, Sordinol ® und Fluanxol ® senken bei Mäusen dosisabhängig Körpertemperatur und O₂-Verbrauch und erhöhen bei i.p. Applikation vor sub-letaler oder letaler Bestrahlung mit -Strahlen den Prozentsatz Überlebender innerhalb des Zeitraums von 30 Tagen signifikant (und zwar bis über 80% bei 0% in den Kontrollreihen).     

Inhibition of lymphocyte transformation by guanidinosuccinic acid,a surplus metabolite in uremia

Zusammenfassung Guanidinbernsteinsäure hemmt die durch Phytohämagglutinin stimulierte Aufnahme von³H-Thymidin zu 44%.     

Inhibition of human leucocytes locomotion by anti-inflammatory drugs

Summary In this study we have demonstrated that acidic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in low concentrations inhibited human PMN locomotion in vitro. A speculative mechanism of action is proposed.This work was supported by a grant from C.N.R.     

Effects of sleep dialysate,substance P and psychotropic drugs upon the thalamo-cortical evoked response

Zusammenfassung Die Wirkung des Schlafdialysates des Kaninchens auf das Gehirn eines normalen Empfängers kennzeichnet sich durch Erregbarkeitszunahme des mediozentralen somnogenen thalamischen Feldes (Amplitudenzunahme der im Cortex ausgelösten Potentiale). Eine ähnliche Wirkung übt Chlorpromazin als zentraldämpfendes Pharmakon und Substanz P aus, während zentrale Stimulantien wie Amphetamin eine umgekehrte Wirkung entfalten.     

Detection, by direct lymphocyte immunocytotoxicity, of antigens in cells transformed by Rous virus]

The hamster cells transformed by the Rous Sarcoma Virus (V.S.R.) evidenced surface antigenic alterations that were detected by a method of cellular mediated immunocytotoxicity. Immune hamster lymphocytes were added to tritiated proline prelabeled target cells. These lymphocytes were able to lyse specifically the V.S.R. transformed cells.     

Inhibition of human leucocytes locomotion by anti-inflammatory drugs.

In this study we have demonstrated that acidic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in low concentrations inhibited human PMN locomotion in vitro. A speculative mechanism of action is proposed.     

Inhibition of antigenic competition by immunostimulants]

The diminution of immune response against SRBC induced in mice, by a prior injection of HRBC was counteracted by addition of certain immunostimulants to SRBC. The intensity of inhibition of antigenic competition was related to the quantity of immunostimulant added to SRBC. Some immunostimulants (B. abortus, lipopolysaccharide) were more active than others (C. parvum, Poly I : C). To inhibit antigenic competition immunostimulant had to be injected after or in mixture with SRBC never before.     

Chemotaxis of rabbit macrophages in vitro: Inhibition by drugs

Summary Chemotaxis of rabbit macrophages was inhibited in vitro by phenylbutazone and sodium salicylate, but not by other antiinflammatory agents. Other inhibitory compounds were colchicine, vincristine, PHA, Con A, iodoacetic acid, cytochalasin B, and EDTA. Some of these in vitro results contrast apparently with in vivo effects.     

Inhibition of aldose reductase by dihydroflavonols inEngelhardtia chrysolepis and effects on other enzymes

Astilbin and neoastilbin, dihydroflavonol rhamnosides fromEngelhardtia chrysolepis, showed potent inhibition of lens aldose reductase. Kinetic analysis showed astilbin exhibited uncompetitive inhibition against bothdl-glyceraldehyde and NADPH. These taxifolin glycosides were selective inhibitors of aldose reductase with no inhibition of NADH oxidase.     

Gastric secretion during anaesthesia and its inhibition by metiamide and other drugs.

The histamine H2-receptor antagonist, metiamide, inhibits the acid gastric secretion produced by chloralose-urethane anaesthesia in dogs carrying gastric cannulae chronically. This secretion is also prevented by atropine and hexamethonium. "Spontaneous" gastric secretion of vagal origin in conscious dogs is also blocked by metiamide.