基于Prim算法的度约束最小生成树问题研究

针对一类度约束最小生成树问题,基于传统最小生成树问题的Prim算法,设计了一种求解算法.该算法在保证网络中指定节点的度不变的前提下,构造了网络关于指定节点的最大度最小生成树.与经典的Gloveklingman算法进行了仿真比较,结果表明,该算法是求解度约束最小生成树问题的一种有效算法.     

求解度约束最小生成树的一种启发式方法

针对网络设计和优化中度约束最小生成树问题,提出了一种基于贪心思想的启发式算法求解度约束最小生成树.在最小生成树的基础上,将超过度约束的顶点降低度数使之满足度约束条件.经大量数据测试并与其他算法进行比较,表明了该算法的有效性和通用性.     

求解最大度约束下最小生成树的新算法

针对网络优化中度约束最小生成树问题的特征,融合破圈法的基本思想,提出了一种求解网络G关于指定节点的最大度约束下最小生成树的新算法。该算法在保证指定节点最大度的前提下,每次通过去掉圈中权最大的边,最终构造出网络G关于指定节点的最大度约束下的最小生成树。算法证明和算例都表明了该算法的有效性。     

度、半径约束最小生成树问题及其算法

提出了度、半径约束最小生成树问题,证明了该问题是NP-完全的.建立了该问题的数学规划模型.进一步给出了快速启发式求解算法,并分析了该算法的时间复杂性.分析和实例实验表明该算法具有良好的效果.     

度、直径约束最小生成树问题及其算法

提出了度、直径约束最小生成树问题,证明了该问题是NP-完全的.建立了该问题的数学规划模型.给出了启发式求解算法,其时间复杂性为O(mn).分析和实例实验表明,该算法有良好的效果.     

非线性基线长度约束在北斗测姿中的应用

针对传统无约束LAMBDA(least-squares ambiguity decorrelation adjustment)算法中整周模糊度求解成功率不高的问题,提出一种利用基线约束的整数最小二乘快速求解整周模糊度的方法,并将其应用到北斗姿态测量系统中.该方法利用基线长度作为先验信息,将无约束的整数最小二乘扩展为非线性约束的最小二乘,并采用正交映射方法求解其约束解;同时在模糊度求解过程中,根据搜索空间的特性,先确定其上下界范围,再对模糊度残差范围限定,减少模糊度搜索过程中的候选解,最后采用迭代增加模糊度空间法和约束最小二乘求解对模糊度候选解筛选.实验采用单频北斗接收机实时数据对该算法的有效性进行验证,结果表明,在单频单历元条件下,该算法有效降低计算量,将姿态角求解成功率提高30%左右.     

一类度约束最小生成树问题的Dijkstra算法

度约束最小生成树问题是网络设计和优化中的一个NP难题。结合该问题的特征,基于Dijkstra算法的基本思想,提出了一种求解网络G关于指定节点的最大度最小生成树的新算法。该算法在保证指定节点最大度的前提下,每次通过选取剩余边中权最小的边加入当前网络,最终得到网络G关于指定节点的最大度最小生成树。同时对算法的复杂度进行了分析。最后通过与其他算法的仿真比较和算例,表明了新算法的有效性。     

多目标MIN-MAX度最小树问题及其求解

在多目标最小生成树问题和MIN-MAX度最小树问题的基础上,探讨使生成树最大顶点度数以及总权重都尽可能小的另类多目标MIN-MAX度最小生成树问题。分析了这一特殊的顶点度约束与Hamilton路的关联性质,在此基础上设计了先Hamilton路再MIN-MAX度最小树的独特求解方案。根据初始条件不同,当网络图不存在Hamilton路时,引入改进的蚁群优化算法,将转移概率由基本的指数形式改进为线性形式,在不影响求解质量的前提下,提高计算效率。针对以上策略,设计了相应的求解方案,并在计算机上用Delphi编程实现。大量数值算例验证表明,算法能快速有效地求解多目标情形下的MIN-MAX度最小生成树问题。     

TSP问题的一种快速近似算法及应用

给出求解度约束最小生成树(DCMST)问题的一种快速近似算法．在此基础上．又给出求解TSP问题的一种快速近似算法,并在微机上实现且其数值试验的效果良好．最后,将求解TSP问题的近似快速算法作一些改进．应用于遗传算法的初始种群生成并进行数值实验．结果表明,用文中算法生成的初始种群．比起一般方法产生的初始种群性能有很大改进．该算法可以加速遗传算法的寻优速度．     

基于遗传算法度约束的最小生成树问题的研究

探讨了如何将遗传算法应用于度约束的最小生成树问题，并给出了相应的算法．实验结果表明，这种用遗传算法解决度约束的最小生成树问题是有效的．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that