离子束混合法制备Sm—Fe—N磁性薄膜

利用离子束混合方法在Ｓｍ质量分数为２０％的Ｓｍ－Ｆｅ多层薄膜中，当注入能量为６０ｋｅＶ的Ｎ离子时，成功地制备出Ｓｍ－Ｆｅ－Ｎ磁性薄膜．经透射电镜（ＴＥＭ）和Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）分析发现：当Ｎ离子的注入剂量为１×１０１７／ｃｍ２时，形成Ｓｍ２Ｆｅ１７Ｎｘ磁性薄膜；而Ｎ离子的注入剂量为２×１０１７／ｃｍ２时，Ｓｍ－Ｆｅ多层薄膜转变成非晶磁性薄膜，而且Ｓｍ２Ｆｅ１７Ｎｘ磁性薄膜和Ｓｍ－Ｆｅ－Ｎ非晶磁性薄膜的磁性（饱和磁性强度、矫顽力）与注入前的Ｓｍ－Ｆｅ薄膜相比有明显的提高     

球磨技术制备铁的氮化物及性能研究

实验通过球磨α－Ｆｅ和脲的混合粉末,制得α’－Ｆｅ（Ｎ）超细粉末,Ｎ原子含量为８．８ａｔ％,饱和磁化强度σ为２４２．７ｅｍｕ／ｇ。样品经１６０℃真空退火４小时,α′－Ｆｅ（Ｎ）相部分转变为α″－Ｆｅ１６Ｎ１２相,此时样品的饱和磁化强度σｓ提高到２５２．０ｅｍｕ／ｇ,样品中α″－Ｆｅ１６Ｎ２相含量约２１ｗｔ％,其σｓ为２８７．３ｅｍｕ／ｇ。热分析表明,在１５０℃－２００℃,α′－Ｆｅ（Ｎ）相转移为α     

添加Dy和Nb的纳米复合Pr2Fe14B/α-Fe永磁合金结构和磁性

研究了添加Ｄｙ和Ｎｂ对纳米复合Ｐｒ２Ｆｅ１４Ｂ／α－Ｆｅ永磁合金形成,组织结构及磁性的影响。结果表明：Ｐｒ９Ｆｅ８５Ｂ６非晶带的晶化过程,在α－Ｆｅ相初始晶化之后,出现Ｐｒ２Ｆｅ２３Ｂ３亚稳相,最终形成Ｐｒ２Ｆｅ１４Ｂ＋α－Ｆｅ两相组织．而添加Ｄｙ或同时添加Ｄｙ和Ｎｂ后晶化过程不出现亚稳相．添加Ｄｙ和Ｎｂ元素显著地提高了纳米复合永磁合金的磁性能。最终获得了磁性能为Ｈｃｉ＝７０２．４ｋＡ／ｍ,Ｂｒ＝１．０３Ｔ,（ＢＨ）ｍａｘ＝１３２．６ｋＪ／ｍ３的纳米晶复合Ｐｒ８Ｄｙ１Ｆｅ８４Ｎｂ１Ｂ６永磁材料。     

纳米复合（NdDy）2（FeNb）14B／α—Fe永磁合金

采用单辊急冷法并晶化退火制备了高剩磁，高矫顽力和高磁能积的（ＮｄＤｙ）２（ＦｅＮｂ）１４Ｂ／α－Ｆｅ纳米复合永磁合金，其最佳磁性能分别为Ｂｒ＝１．０２Ｔ，Ｈｅｉ＝７０２ｋＡ／ｍ（ＢＨ）ｍａｘ＝１３４ｋＪ／ｍ＾３，合金的组织结构由硬磁相（ＮｄＤｙ）２（ＦｅＮｂ）１４Ｂ和软磁相α－Ｆｅ在纳米级范围内复合而成，两相的平均晶粒尺寸为３０ｎｍ，该咱合金优异的磁性能起源于纳米晶硬磁相和软磁相之间的磁交换耦合作     

添加Dy和Nb的纳米复合Pr2Fe14B／α—Fe永磁合金结构和磁性

研究了添加Ｄｙ和Ｎｂ对纳米复合Ｐｒ２Ｆｅ１４Ｂ／α－Ｆｅ永磁合金形成,组织结构及磁性的影响,结果表明,Ｐｒ９Ｆｅ８５Ｂ６非晶带的晶化过程,在α－Ｆｅ相初始晶化之后,出现Ｐｒ２Ｆｅ２３Ｂ３亚稳相,最终形成Ｐｒ２Ｆｅ１４Ｂ＋α－Ｆｅ两相组织,而添加Ｄｙ或同时添加Ｄｙ和Ｎｂ后晶化过程中不出现亚稳相,添加Ｄｙ和Ｎｂ元素显著地提高了纳米复合永磁合金的磁性能,最终获得了磁性能为Ｈｃｉ＝７０２．４ｋＡ／ｍ,Ｂｔ     

Sm─FeCo─N合金薄膜的磁性与微观结构

采用离子注入方法制备Ｓｍ－ＦｅＭ－Ｎ磁性合金薄膜，研究少量Ｃｏ部分取代Ｆｅ对薄膜磁性能的影响，探索研究Ｓｍ－ＦｅＭ－Ｎ磁性材料的新途径．实验发现：Ｃｏ＋注入使样品的饱和磁化强度明显增加，Ｓｍ－ＦｅＣｏ－Ｎ薄膜的饱和磁化强度是Ｓｍ－Ｆｅ－Ｎ薄膜的１．６倍．经ＴＥＭ分析，Ｃｏ＋没有与Ｓｍ或Ｆｅ形成化合物     

Sm—FeCo—N合金薄膜的磁性与微观结构

采用离子注入方法制备的Ｓｍ－ＦｅＭ－Ｎ磁性合金薄膜，研究少量Ｃｏ部分取代Ｆｅ对薄膜磁性能的影响，探索研究ＳｍＦｅＭ－Ｎ磁性材料的新途径，实验发现Ｃｏ＾＋注入使样品的饱和磁化强度明显增加，Ｓｍ－ＦｅＭ－Ｎ薄膜的饱和磁化强度是Ｓｍ－Ｆｅ－Ｎ薄膜的１．６倍。经ＴＥＭ分析，Ｃｏ＾＋没有与Ｓｍ或Ｆｅ形成化合物。     

非晶晶化法制备纳米晶双相永磁合金的磁性

采用快淬及退火工艺,通过非晶晶化制备了两种成分的纳米晶,即Ｎｄ２Ｆ３１４Ｂ／α－Ｆｅ永磁合金。研究了添加Ｄｙ＋Ｇａ和晶化工艺对合金磁性能的影响,研究结果表明,三元Ｎｄ８．５Ｆｅ８６Ｂ５．５合金晶化是由３个过程组成的,而添加Ｄｙ＋Ｇａ的Ｎｄ７．５Ｄｙ１Ｆｅ８５Ｇａ２合金化是由２个过程组成的,与三元合金相比,添加Ｄｙ＋Ｇａ可改变α－Ｆｅ和Ｎｄ２Ｆ１４Ｂ相的形成温度及细化两相晶粒,可以显著提高合金的磁性     

超高真空制备的Fe－稀土多层膜的研究

在超高真空条件下（１０－７Ｐａ）蒸发沉积Ｆｅ－Ｙ和Ｆｅ－Ｄｙ成分调制多层膜。短周期（３～７ｎｍ）膜用于结构与热稳定性研究；长周期（２０～５０ｎｍ）膜用于离子束混合非晶化研究。Ｆｅ单层厚≥２．４ｎｍ时为体心立方（ｂｃｃ）结构，无明显择优取向。Ｄｙ单层厚＞２．４ｎｍ时为六角密集（ｈｃｐ）结构，非晶沉积态经３００℃加热开始晶化，６００℃退火完全转变为ｂｃｃ结构Ｆｅ和ｈｃｐ结构Ｄｙ（ｈｃｐ结构Ｙ）．２００℃等温退火，磁化强度随时间而增加，温度越高增加速率越大。用９０～１２０ｋｅＶ的Ａｒ＋在室温下进行长周期多层膜的离子束混合。在１×１０１７ｃｍ－２注量达到均匀混合，且导致非晶化，平均成分为Ｆｅ６０Ｄｙ４０的膜无残余晶态。离子束混合还导致磁性变化，饱和磁化强度随注量增加而下降。     

疑义相与析─对“评《电池电动势的探讨》与《电池电动势再探》”一文的回答

疑义相与析─对“评《电池电动势的探讨》与《电池电动势再探》”一文的回答顾宏邦（山西大学化学系）ＡＮＯＢＪＥＣＴＩＯＮＴＯＴＨＥＣＯＭＭＥＮＴＳ″ＩＮＶＥＳＴＩＧＡＴＩＯＮＯＮＴＨＥＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＭＯＴＩＶＥＦＯＲＣＥＯＦＡＣＥＬＬ″ＡＮＤ″ＲＥＳＴＵ...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that