Hindeodus parvus及其“首次出现”

把二叠－三叠系界线置于Ｈｉｎｄｅｏｄｕｓ ｐａｒｖｕｓ带的底部，即以Ｈ．ｐａｒｖｕｓ的首次出现作为三叠纪的开始，是目前大多数学者采纳的划分方案。由于Ｈ．ｐａｒｖｕｓ的鉴定分歧较大，导致Ｈ．ｐａｒｖｕｓ在各剖面“首次出现”的层位，特别是点的位置，缺乏共同的标准和藉以对比的标志。文中分析了Ｈ．ｐａｒｖｕｓ种的标准性及首次出现的点的位置。以Ｋｏｚｕｒ ａｎｄ Ｐｊａｔａｋｏｖａ（１９７６）描述的正模（ｆ     

江西信丰县铁石口剖面二叠—三叠系界线综合研究

首次对江西信丰县铁石口二叠－三叠系界线剖面的生物地层学、岩石地层学、微量元素、碳及氧稳定同位素、粘土岩和沉积环境以及数学地质的有序最优分割计算进行了综合研究，通过分析，将铁石口剖面二叠－三叠系界线置于第２６层底。界线粘土岩（第２６层）的矿物组成以伊利石和高岭石为主，仅含少量蒙脱石－伊利石不规则混层矿物，这是首次发现的新类型界线粘土岩。     

典型Hindeodus parvus及其意义——兼论二叠—三叠系界线

讨论了典型Ｈｉｎｄｅｏｄｕｓｐａｒｖｕｓ及非典型Ｈ．ｐａｒｖｕｓ的区别，论证了化石保存完好，丰富，多样对提高作全球界线层型剖面和层型点（ＧＳＳＰ）的可靠性的重要作用，并强调以Ｈｉｎｄｅｏｄｕｓｌａｔｉｄｅｎｔａｔｕｓ－Ｈｉｎｄｅｏｄｕｓｐａｒｖｕｓ－Ｈ．ｔｕｒｇｉｄｕｓ－Ｉｓａｒｃｉｃｅｌｌａｉｓａｒｃｉａ序列的浅水型碳酸盐岩海相连续沉积的地层中，主齿细齿均保存完整的非变质的典型Ｈ．ｐａｒｕｖｓ的     

江西信丰县铁石口剖面二叠－三叠系界线综合研究

首次对江西信丰县铁石口二叠—三叠系界线剖面的生物地层学、岩石地层学、微量元素、碳及氧稳定同位素、粘土岩和沉积环境以及数学地质的有序最优分割计算进行了综合研究，通过分析，将铁石口剖面二叠—三叠系界线置于第２６层底。界线粘土岩（第２６层）的矿物组成以伊利石和高岭石为主，仅含少量蒙脱石－伊利石不规则混层矿物，这是首次发现的新类型界线粘土岩     

江西信丰县铁石口剖面二叠-三叠系界线综合研究

首次对江西信丰县铁石口二叠—三叠系界线剖面的生物地层学、岩石地层学、微量元素、碳及氧稳定同位素、粘土岩和沉积环境以及数学地质的有序最优分割计算进行了综合研究,通过分析,将铁石口剖面二叠—三叠系界线置于第26层底。界线粘土岩(第26层)的矿物组成以伊利石和高岭石为主,仅含少量蒙脱石 伊利石不规则混层矿物,这是首次发现的新类型界线粘土岩。     

Clarkina在赣南桃江剖面P／T界线粘土岩中的发现

该文报道了Ｃｌａｒｋｉｎａ ｃｈａｎｇｘｉｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ,Ｃ．ｄｉｃｅｒｏｃａｒｉｎａｔａ,Ｃ．ｓｐ。ｌ ｃｆ．ｔｕｌｏｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ,鱼牙和海绵化石,以及六方双锥石英晶体,微球粒,玻屑和锆是体在主丰地区二叠－三叠系界线粘土岩中的发现,通过对江西桃江,浙江煤山,西藏色龙Ｐ／Ｔ界线剖面与江西东岭,沿沟Ｐ／Ｔ界线剖面相互对比后认为,以．Ｃ．ｔｕｌｏｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ或Ｃ．ｍｅｉｓｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓ首次出现的     

腹足类在赣州东北沿沟剖面P／T界线层中的发现

该文报道了腹足类１５属、介形类１４种４未定种以及玻屑、微球粒等在江西乐平地区二叠－三叠系界线层中的发现,介形类Ｌａｎｇｄａｉａ ｓｕｂｏｂｌｏｎｇａ和腹足类１新属恙Ｈｉｎｄｅｏｄｕｓ ｐａｒｏｕｓ同层,同样是三叠系界和早三叠世早期的标志化石。     

新疆南天山库车河地区二叠—三叠系界线探讨

新疆南天山库车河地区山着二叠－三叠系的连续剖面，剖面中地层界线清楚，化石较为丰富。在上二叠统比尤勒包谷孜群中发现了安加拉大陆晚二叠世植物群的典型代表“Ｃａｌｌｉｐｔｅｒｉｓ”ｚｅｉｌｌｅｒｉ和俄罗斯库滋涅茨克煤田上二叠统顶部的特有种Ｙａｖｏｓｋｙａ ｍｕｎｇａｔｉｃａ。而下三叠统俄霍布拉克群的植物化石具明显的中生代面貌。因此，库车河地区海西期花岗岩之上覆盖着晚二叠世晚期地层，它与下三叠统俄霍布拉克     

重庆中梁山和广元上寺P-T界线粘土层中粘土矿物的类型及成因

四川重庆中梁山和广元上寺P-T界线处二叠系顶部的粘土岩主要由规则混层伊利石-蒙脱石组成,而三叠系底部的粘土岩主要由伊利石和混层绿泥石-蒙脱石组成。形成二叠系顶部规则混层伊利石-蒙脱石并使之得以保存的相对酸性成岩介质可能与晚二叠世生物相对繁盛和绝灭造成的有机质埋藏有关,而三叠系底部的粘土矿物则与相对富镁、钾的成岩介质有关。此外,两地混层伊利石-蒙脱石中混层比例的差别还反映了这一等时面上所经历的最大古地温的差别,这与它们所经历的埋藏史的不同有关。     

新疆北部二叠系特征及其与三叠系界线划分

目的对新疆准噶尔盆地南缘、吐哈盆地和三塘湖盆地的二叠系及其与三叠系界线的划分提供新的依据。方法在该区长期工作的基础上,参考前人地层划分成果及当地使用习惯,利用岩石地层、生物地层、火山岩同位素年龄、古地磁等方法进行综合分析,对三地区的二叠系进行了综合划分与对比。结果将新疆北部二叠系分别称下、中、上统,与中国南方及国际标准的3个统对应;中二叠统对应于瓜德鲁普统,地质时代为早二叠世(290~265 Ma),中、上二叠统界线在中二叠统塔尔郎组上部,上二叠统与三叠系界线在上二叠统锅底坑组内;中二叠统分布于准噶尔盆地中南部、吐哈盆地北部和三塘湖盆地南部。结论建议将大龙口、锅底坑、塔尔郎沟、照壁山剖面和跃进沟剖面分别作为北疆地区二叠系—三叠系标准剖面。     

江西乐平地区晚二叠世-早三叠世的牙形石动物群

讨论了赣中乐平地区沿沟剖面上二叠统至下三叠统地层的牙形石动物群,列出了牙形石的各个形态属种在地层中的分布及其数量变化.根据特征牙形石分子的地层分布,将该段地层自下而上划分为3个牙形石带,分别是:Clarkina changxingensis-Cl.deflecta-Cl.subcarinata组合带;Hindeodus latidentatus带和Hindeodus parvus带.鉴于在晚二叠世至早三叠世,Hindeodus属种的牙形石分子的Pa分子成为界定种之间的主要标志特征,本文描述了两个重要牙形石种即Hindeodus latidentatus和Hindeodus parvus的Pa分子,并探讨了二者之间所具有的演化关系;此外,还指出这些保存完美的Pa分子具有重要的研究价值.     

Calcimicrobialite after end-Permian mass extinction in South China and its palaeoenvironmental significance

Calcimicrobialites, which could be correlated to the layer 27 in Meishan section according to the Hindeodus parvus, occur abruptly on the end-Permian mass extinction boundary in South China. Microbialites mainly distribute on the top of reef facies or shallow carbonate platforms, thinning into deep facies. All the microbialites discovered are composed of micrite and coarse crystal digitate carbonate or patch carbonate. Microfossils usually dominate in the microbialites, and small gastropods, bivalves and ostracodes can also be found. This fossil assemblage represents a simple but particular remanent biota after the end-Permian mass extinction on the top of reefs or shallow carbonate platforms.Abrupt occurrence of microbialites above the mass extinction boundary is the ecological response to the end-Permian global event in reef or shallow carbonate facies. Many studies have been done on the Permian-Triassic boundary and event in deep water facies sections or middle to lower shelf facies sections. However, the calcimicrobialites in South China are mainly located above reef facies or shallow carbonate platform facies. It will surely be helpful for people to know more about the different responses in different depths of ancient marine environment during the transition between Permian and Triassic by the study of petrology,palaeontology and palaeoecology of the calcimicrobialites.     

Carbon isotope excursions across the Permian-Triassic boundary in the Meishan section, Zhejiang Province, China

Both gradual and sharp decrease in organic and carbonate carbon isotope values were detected across the Permian-Triassic boundary in the Meishan section, Changxing, Zhejiang Province, China. The gradual decrease in organic carbon isotope values started at the bottom of Bed 23, coinciding with the strong oscillations of total organic carbon (TOC) contents, indicates increasing fluxes from carbonate to organic carbon reservoir during this interval. A 2.3‰ sharp drop of inorganic carbon isotope values occurred at the uppermost part of Bed 24e. A 3.7‰ sharp drop of organic carbon isotope values occurred in Bed 26. The dramatic drop of inorganic carbon isotope value of 8‰ reported previously is not confirmed from the unweathered carbonate samples in Bed 27. The large-scale fluctuation of organic carbon isotope values in the Yinkeng Formation reflects different extent of mixing of marine and terrestrial organic matters. The gradual depletion and subsequent sharp drop of carbon isotopes near the Permian-Triassic boundary might indicate complex causes of the end-Permian mass extinction.     

Extinction pattern of reef ecosystems in latest Permian

Studies of two Permian-Triassic boundary (PTB) sections on top of a Changhsingian reef in Ziyun, Guizhou Province, southwestern China indicate that the end-Permian mass extinction of reef ecosystems occurred in two steps. The first step is the extinction of all stenotropic organisms such as calcisponges and fusulinids in the latest Permian (in the Clarkina yini conodont zone). The biota after the first extinction is simple, comprising eurytropic organisms including microgastropods, ostracods, and some small burrowing organisms, or only algal mats. At the beginning of the Early Triassic (i.e. the beginning of the Hindeodus parvus zone), the environments became anoxic, and the microgastropod dominated biota or algal mats disappeared, which constituted the second episode of the mass extinction. The biota after the second extinction comprises small spherical microproblematica, some kinds of specialized organisms tolerant of anoxic or oxygen-poor conditions. As the environments became oxygenated, the specialized biota was replaced by a microgastropod-dominated simple biota. When the environmental conditions improved further, the simple biota was replaced by a diverse biota with normal-sized ammonoids, bivalves, and gastropods, representing restoration of normal oceanic condi- tions. Comparison with PTB sections in Dolomites, Italy and Meishan, Zhejiang Province shows that non-reef ecosystems had a similar first episode of mass extinction in the latest Permian. In the case that oceanic anoxia happened, non-reef ecosystems had a second extinction episode similar to that of reef ecosystems.     

对云南晋宁梅树村震旦系-寒武系界线层型(候选)剖面的一些新认识

本文介绍了全球范围内当前已知的前寒武系-寒武系界线层型候选剖面中最优秀的云南晋宁梅树村剖面的最新研究材料。认为该剖面小歪头山段与下伏白岩哨段岩性甚为接近,两者应予合并。梅树村阶进一步划分出来的各亚组合带不能成立。许多材料都说明白岩哨段顶部和大海段顶部均有短期沉积间断。梅树村剖面前寒武系-寒武系界线点选择在“B”点,也即Anabarites trisulcatus组合带与Paragloborilus subglobosus组合带分界点上最合适。     

Advance in the study of the Lower Triassic conodonts at Meishan Section, Changxing, Zhejiang Province

Meishan Section in Changxing County of Zhejiang Province is one of the four candidates of the global stratotype section and point (GSSP) of the Permian and Triassic boundary (PTB), and currently the conodonts have been widely accepted as the index fossils to define the Permian and Triassic boundary. The previous studies on the Lower Triassic conodonts at Meishan Section are summarized and the recent discovery of the Lower Triassic conodonts there is reported. The recognized data from the section indicate that Meishan is the best selection of the GSSP of PTB.     

江西信丰铁石口剖面晚二叠世的牙形石动物群

对江西省信丰县铁石口剖面晚二叠世长兴阶至铁石口阶下部的牙形石动物群有了新的认识。基于牙形石的研究,将该地区晚二叠世的地层划分为3个牙形石生物带,自上而下分别是：Clarkina changxingensis yini带;Clarkina postwangi带;Clarkina changxingensis带。探讨了浙江长兴煤山标准剖面晚二叠世长兴组至殷坑组下部的牙形石生物带的划分,将这段地层划分为4个牙形石带,自上而下分别是：Clarkina meishanensis meishanensis带; Clarkina changxingensis yini-Clarkina meishanensis zhangi带;Clarkina postwangi和Clarkina subcarinata-Clarkina changxingensis组合带,而最下部的一个带又分为2个亚带,即上部的Clarkina changxingensis亚带和下部的Clarkina subcarinata-Clarkina wangi亚带。最后将铁石口剖面与煤山剖面进行了牙形石生物地层对比,认为铁石口剖面除了长兴组下部被第四纪河床覆盖之外,晚二叠世上部的地层可以完全与煤山剖面进行对比。     

Mathematical Model for the Continuous Vacuum Drying

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＳｅｌｅｃｔｉｏｎｏｆａｐｒｏｐｅｒｄｒｙｉｎｇｍｅｔｈｏｄｉｓｖｅｒｙｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｆｏｒｄｒｙ ｉｎｇｏｆｈｉｇｈｌｙｖｉｓｃｏｕｓａｎｄｈｅａｔ ｓｅｎｓｉｔｉｖｅｆｏｏｄｓ.Ｖａｃｕｕｍｄｒｙｉｎｇｉｓｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｅｄａｓａｓｕｉｔａｂｌｅｍｅｔｈｏｄｆｏｒｄｒｙｉｎｇｏｆｓｕｃｈｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓ .Ａｃ ｃｏｒｄｉｎｇｔｏｓｅｖｅｒａｌｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｒｅｐｏｒｔｓｂｙＮｏｔｔｅｒ,ＢｒｅｋｋｅａｎｄＴａｙｌｏｒ,ｉｔｒｅｓｕｌｔｓｉｎｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｓｗｈｉｃ…     

Proposal and prospects for the global Lower-Middle Cambrian boundary

In recent years paleontologists have been working on the global stratotype section and standard point (GSSP) for the Lower-Middle Cambrian boundary in North America, China, Morocco, Spain and Russia. Continually, they suggest the potential first appearance datum (FAD) of the Middle Cambrian, such as Oryctocephalus indicus, Ovatoryctocara granulata, Acadoparadoxides mureroensis, Hupeolenus and Arthricocephalus chauveaui as being relevant to the potential stratotype section for the Lower-Middle Cambrian boundary. There are only a few trilobites distributed widely enough in the Early to Middle Cambrian connection, so virtually no trilobite(s) can act as the FAD for the global Middle Cambrian. The easily identified Oryctocephalus indicus is widely distributed in three realms of the global Cambrian. Its first appearance position is linked to the extinction of old species coevolution of new ones. It appears to be a comparatively good FAD of Middle Cambrian. The continuous and unbroken Wuliu section (Balang, Taijiang County, Guizhou Province, China) includes O. indicus and co-occurs with many benthic and nektonic trilobites. The evolution of acritarchs in the section, the changed characteristics of trace elements (REE and C isotopes) are generally consistent with the evolution of trilobites both above and below the boundary. Strata above the boundary yield the famous Kaili Biota. The Wuliu section is easily accessible from a main highway.     

贵州罗甸大文二叠三叠系界线剖面海平面变化及其全球对比

对华南地区贵州罗甸大文剖面早三叠世早期的凝块石进行了系统的沉积学描述,区分出斑状、层状、枝状和网状4种中型构造。凝块石所具有的沉积构造特征和岩石学统计数据表明其形成于潮下带沉积环境,其中,斑状和层状中型构造的凝块石形成于能量较低的深潮下带,而枝状和网状中型构造的凝块石形成于能量较高的浅潮下带。18个向上变浅的沉积旋回显示Hindeodus parvus带内部海平面逐渐降低;Isarcicellastaeschei带和I.isarcica带早期,海平面降到最低,之后海平面开始升高。通过与其他地区二叠–三叠系界线剖面的海平面变化情况对比发现,全球普遍存在二叠–三叠纪之交的海平面下降,而大文剖面早三叠世早期的H.parvus带、I.staeschei带和I.isarcica带的海平面变化情况在古特提斯洋范围内可以广泛对比,可能主要受到全球海平面变化的影响。