超声冲击法提高T型焊接管接头疲劳性能

为了提高T型管接头疲劳性能，提出采用超声冲击方法对具有相同级别的低碳钢和奥氏体不锈钢1Cr18Ni9Ti钢管接头进行疲劳性能对比试验．结果表明：超声冲击处理低碳钢后疲劳强度提高67％左右，疲劳寿命延长了22～45倍；超声冲击处理奥氏体不锈钢1Cr18Ni9Ti疲劳强度提高69％左右，疲劳寿命延长了21～30倍．在低应力比R（R≤0）条件下使用超声冲击处理技术能够大幅度改善管接头的疲劳性能．将超声冲击处理方法用于提高具有相同强度级别的不锈钢和普通碳素结构钢管接头疲劳性能的效果相差不大．超声冲击法对提高疲劳强度效果显著．     

TIG熔修法改善含咬边缺陷焊接接头疲劳性能

接头焊趾区表面常常会存在一些焊接缺陷如咬边等，这些缺陷对接头承受动载荷的能力影响很大，疲劳裂纹往往从该部位更早地萌生．结合国产16Mn低合金中强钢，用TIG熔修法提高含咬边缺陷焊接接头疲劳强度，并延长其疲劳寿命．试验结果表明，咬边等焊接缺陷降低原始焊接接头疲劳强度10％～20％；与含缺陷焊态试件相比，TIG熔修处理后十字接头的疲劳强度提高70％，疲劳寿命提高5～8倍，与不舍焊接缺陷的焊态试件相比，疲劳强度提高34％，疲劳寿命延长3～4倍：原始咬边缺陷对TIG熔修处理后焊接接头的疲劳性能基本没有影响．     

Q235钢和16Mn钢接头超长寿命疲劳行为及疲劳寿命设计

使用自行研制超声疲劳试验系统对焊接接头进行超长寿命疲劳试验,对比了普通焊态焊接接头与超声冲击态焊接接头超长寿命区间的疲劳行为．研究结果表明：无论是焊态焊接接头还是超声冲击态焊接接头,其疲劳寿命S-N曲线均为连续下降曲线;焊态和超声冲击态焊接接头在1×10^7循环周次附近甚至1×10^9循环周次时接头试件仍然出现了断裂;对于不同焊后处理状态的焊接接头,分别给出了普通寿命区间和超长寿命区间（以1×10^7为疲劳寿命分界点）参考疲劳设计曲线,对今后焊接接头的疲劳寿命设计提出了建议．     

Q235钢和16Mn 接头超长寿命疲劳行为及疲劳寿命设计

使用自行研制超声疲劳试验系统对焊接接头进行超长寿命疲劳试验,对比了普通焊态焊接接头与超声冲击态焊接接头超长寿命区间的疲劳行为.研究结果表明:无论是焊态焊接接头还是超声冲击态焊接接头,其疲劳寿命S-N曲线均为连续下降曲线;焊态和超声冲击态焊接接头在1×107循环周次附近甚至1×109循环周次时接头试件仍然出现了断裂;对于不同焊后处理状态的焊接接头,分别给出了普通寿命区间和超长寿命区间(以1×107为疲劳寿命分界点)参考疲劳设计曲线,对今后焊接接头的疲劳寿命设计提出了建议.     

双周疲劳载荷作用下超声冲击处理态焊接接头疲劳行为

使用带超声频高周分量的双周疲劳(CCF)试验装置对Q345钢焊接接头的CCF行为进行了研究.采用超声冲击处理(UIT)方法对焊接接头进行处理,并将冲击态接头与焊态接头进行了对比,结果表明,超声冲击处理态焊接接头CCF性能有较大幅度改善,尤其对于工作在长寿命区间的焊接结构,其性能提高更加显著.     

6005A合金搅拌摩擦焊接头疲劳性能的研究

对6005A—T6铝合金FSW接头、母材以及MIG焊接头进行了疲劳性能试验对比研究。结果表明,FSW接头的抗拉强度约是母材抗拉强度的82．5％;MIG焊试样的抗拉强度约是母材抗拉强度的73．4％。当循环周次N〉10^7时,FSW试样的疲劳强度值接近于母材,约为母材疲劳强度值的93％,而MIG焊试样的疲劳强度值仅为母材的67％。FSW接头热影响区的断口疲劳区形貌为准解理和韧窝的组合形貌。准解理型穿晶扩展裂纹与FSW接头热影响区中原母材枝晶结构有关,断口扩展区形貌为韧窝状形貌。     

超声冲击法提高焊接接头疲劳强度的机理分析

使用工具显微镜和维氏硬度计测量了超声冲击处理前后焊趾区的几何形状与硬度的变化，并应用疲劳缺口系数的概念及Dang Van准则，对超声冲击造成的焊趾区几何形状的变化及残余压缩应力对接头疲劳性能改善的影响行为进行了研究．结果表明，对于低中强钢来说，超声冲击处理焊接接头疲劳性能的改善主要是由焊趾部位形成的残余压应力及改善焊趾几何外形这两个因素引起的，硬化的作用相比次之、研究还证明，冲击处理对焊接接头应力集中程度的降低，主要是通过增加焊趾区过渡半径来实现的．     

喷熔修形法提高焊接接头疲劳强度

针对工程实际应用的需要,给出了一种提高焊接接头疲劳强度的处理方法．焊接结构中,接头的疲劳强度远远低于母材,其疲劳裂纹主要起源于接头焊趾处、采用Ni60和Fe38两种合金粉末对Q235B钢十字接头焊趾处进行了啧熔修形处理和高频疲劳试验．结果表明,经过喷熔修形处理后,Ni60和Fe38喷熔修形态十字接头的2×10^6条件疲劳极限分别提高了64．5％和42％用ANSYS对3种状态接头焊趾处应力集中系数进行计算,结果发现,Ni60和Fe38喷熔修形态十字接头焊趾区的应力集中系数较原始焊态分别减小57．5％和37％．     

基于Fe-safe的K形对接焊缝疲劳分析

基于等效结构应力法和BS7608焊缝疲劳分析方法,分析了不同坡角的K形对接焊缝的疲劳性能.分别采用ANSYS和Fe-safe对其进行静力分析和疲劳分析,得到K形对接焊缝本身的疲劳寿命和焊趾处的疲劳寿命.计算结果表明,焊趾处存在明显名义应力集中且随着坡口角度的增大而增大;焊趾处疲劳强度最低,焊趾的疲劳强度随坡角的增大而降低;焊缝自身的疲劳强度随着坡角的增大而有所提高.增大焊缝坡口角度有利于焊缝自身的抗疲劳性能,却不利于焊趾,这对钢结构加工过程中焊缝坡角的选择具有参考意义.     

无约束层激光冲击薄板的疲劳寿命

探讨激光冲击对无约束层铝合金薄板试样疲劳寿命的影响。结果表明 ,无约束层磷化薄板试样冲击后的疲劳寿命与未磷化未冲击处理的比较 ,寿命提高 62 .8% ;与有约束层经磷化冲击处理的比较 ,寿命也提高51 .2 %。说明在本试验条件下 ,激光冲击处理用于提高材料疲劳寿命 ,无需在冲击部位表面覆盖约束层     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that