The Existence of Positive Bounded Entire Solutions of Second Order Quasilinear Elliptic Equations

In this paper we are concerned with the existence of positive entire solutions of second order quasilinear elliptic equations of the type div(|Du|p-2Du)+f(x,u)=0, x∈RN, (1) where f(x, u) is a continuous function on RN×(0,∞). This problem appears in the study of non-Newtonian fluids and non-Newtonian filtration. The quantity p is a characteristic of the madium. Media with p>2 are called dilatant fluids and those with p<2 are called pseudoplastics. If p=2, they are Newtonian fluid. In the present paper we give new sufficient conditions which ensure the existence of positive entire solutions of (1).When p=2, the related results have been obtained by [1,2]. Our theorem for existence complement and extent to the results by [1,2].     

Variation of soil △δ ~(13)C values in Xifeng loess-paleosol sequence and its paleoenvironmental implication

The loess-paleosol sequence on the Chinese Loess Plateau provides abundant information of paleoclimate and paleoenvironment[1―3]. The carbon isotopic compo- sitions of the C3 and C4 plants are different: from ?32‰ to ?20‰ (mean value is ?27‰) for C3 p…     

Contributions of DPOR at Low Light Intensi.ty to Chlorophyll Biosynthesis and Growth in the Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

Introduction Chlorophylls (Chls) and bacteriochlorophylls (Bchls) are two of the most abundant classes of natural pigments, and their biosynthesis is a major metabolic activity in the ecosystem[1]. Protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) is an intermediate in the Chl and Bchl biosynthetic pathway of photosynthetic organisms and its reduction to chlorophyllide (Chlide) is a key regulatory step in the Chl biosynthesis pathway. In this reaction, the porphyrin D-ring of Pchlide is converted to chlorin b…     

Triphosgene as an Efficient and Electrophilic Reagent for the One-pot Synthesis of Sulfonylsemicarbazids

1 Results Sulfonylsemicarbazide derivatives are important compounds as blowing agents in cellular rubber and plastics[1]. Different methods for the preparation of these compounds are reported. For example, sulfonylsemicarbazides are prepared by reaction of sulfinic acid salt with azodicarbonamide in water[2] and reaction of sulfonylchloride with semicarbazide[3-4]. In these methods the yields of products are not high[3-4], the solvent such as pyridine is toxic and also the sulfinic acid salt as starting material is not commercially available[2]. Recently, triphosgene [bis(trichloromethyl)carbonate], a crystalline solid which can be easily handled, was reported as a safe stable reagent[5]. It was successfully utilized to the synthesis of large variety of organic compounds[6].     

Molecular dynamics study onthe structure I xenon hydrate

Gas hydrates (GHs) are multi-component crystalline compounds with structures consisting of water molecules and encasing gas molecules[1]. There are three types of natural GHs, called structure I, structure II and structure H.[2]. Simple gases such as methane, xenon (Xe), etc. are hydrophobic and can be trapped into water cages to form structure I GHs[2]. It is found that Xe are present in the samples from hydrate ridge, Cascadia Margin[3]. Xe hy-drate is especially suited for study of X…     

Electronic Properties of Organic Semiconductors Based on Nonconjugated Polymers

1 Results The paper presented review of experimental results on the charge transport study in the polymer materials,possessed charge instability.The base of these materials is noncojugated polyaromatic compounds.Characteristic feature these materials is a wide of band gap up to 4.3 eV and the value of first ionization potential about 6 eV.Electronic energetic parameters like these are typical for insulator materials.However it was established that there are not only hopping mechanism of charge transport possible but coherent too in such organic systems.Wide band gap organic material capable to transport charge carrier effectively under certain conditions and the same time conductivity can reach 105 (Ohm·cm)-1 value and current density up to 106 A/cm2 and more.Transformation to conducting phase may occur with different fields and influences,such as electric field,magnet field,pressure,temperature and others.These transformations are reversible as a rule.There is three main of the phenomena fields may be emphasize: electro-optical,switching,and electronic phenomena,including nanophenomena.Electro-optical phenomena are electroluminescence first of all[1].Switching phenomena unites as following switching induced by electric field[2],pressure[3],magnet field[4],boundary condition changing[5],traps thermoionization[6],particle irradiation[7].Electronic phenomena which can observe in thin polyarylide films are as follow electron cold emission[8],superconductivity[9],charged induced nanomemory[10],quantum dot generation[11].     

Unraveling the mystery of enhanced cell-killing effect around the Bragg peak region of a double irradiation source ^9C-ion beam

Clinical trials of heavy ion cancer therapy, especially carbon ion radiotherapy, have hitherto achieved unprece- dented success against tumors resistant to conventional radiations and hard to cure with other modalities[1―3]. In the final analysis, the remarkable curative efficacy of the treatments with heavy ions is attributed to the inverted depth-dose distribution of the heavy ion beam and the elevated relative biological effectiveness (RBE) across the Bragg peak[4]. Radioactive ion beam p…     

Formate and acetate as recorded in a mid－latitude glacier in west China

Formic (HCOOH) and acetic (CH3COOH) acids are the chief carboxylic compounds in the troposphere[1]. Although weak acids, they contribute significantly to the free acidity, ionic balance of precipitation and the chemical reactions in the atmosphere, especially in the remote areas[2—4]. General sources for formate and acetate have been identified in the past 3 decades although a satisfactory source attribution is lacking to explain atmospheric observations[5]. Possible sources include veget…     

CHLORINE DIOXIDE BLEACHING OF NaOH-AQ WHEAT STRAW PULP

1EXPERIMENTAL1.1ChlorinedioxideThe stable chlorine dioxide was offered by the Huate 1.4AnalysismethodsThe physical properties of pulps and CED (Cupriethlenediamine) visosity are measured according to thChinese National Standards[1]. The polymerizatiodegree of pulps is calculated with CED viscosity[1The ISO brightness of pulp is measured on YQ-Z-48A brightness color tester according to thTAPPI standards[2]. The KMnO4 number determined with the air-dried pulp according to stastan…     

SOURCE, FORMATION,POLLUTION AND ITS COUNTERMEASURE OF DIOXIN IN PAPERMAKING INDUSTRY

INTRODUCTIONDioxin is an appellation for a series of organic compounds containing chlorine one or two benzene rings [1]. Because the substituted position of chlorine atom is different between 1 and 9, 75 kinds of isomers of PCDD(polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins)and 135 kinds of PCDF(polychlorinated dibenzofurans)are composed, which are generally entitled as dioxin. Among these isomers, there are 17 kinds (position 2, 3, 7, 8 replaced by chlorine atoms) are considered to be the most ha…     

Influence of scanning velocity on the tribology performance of hard disk

With the development of nanoscience, micro/nano tri-bology is becoming very important in many systems such as microelectromechanical systems and magnetic re-cording devices[1,2]. Atomic force microscope (AFM) and friction force microscope (FFM) have been proven to be powerful tools for studying micro/nanotribology[3―5]. At nanoscale, it is doubtful whether the friction force is independent of the sliding velocity or not, because re-ported experimental results are contradictory. Zhang [6] an…     

Channel noise-induced phase transition of spiral wave in networks of Hodgkin-Huxley neurons

The phase transition of spiral waves in networks of Hodgkin-Huxley neurons induced by channel noise is investigated in detail.All neurons in the networks are coupled with small-world connections,and the results are compared with the case for regular networks,in which all neurons are completely coupled with nearest-neighbor connections.A statistical variable is defined to study the collective behavior and phase transition of the spiral wave due to the channel noise and topology of the network.The effect of small-world connection networks is described by local regular networks and long-range connection with certain probability p.The numerical results confirm that (1) a stable rotating spiral wave can be developed and maintain robust with low p,where the breakup of the spiral wave and turbulence result from increasing the probability p to a certain threshold;(2) appropriate intensity of the optimized channel noise can develop a spiral wave among turbulent states in small-world connection networks of H-H neurons;and (3) regular connection networks are more robust to channel noise than small-world connection networks.A spiral wave in a small-world network encounters instability more easily as the membrane temperature is increased to a certain high threshold.     

Cathodic micro-arc electrodeposition of yttrium stabilized zirconia (YSZ) coatings on FeCrAl alloy

Zirconia-based coatings, especially yttrium stabilized zirconia (YSZ), are the best ceramic coatings for high temperature applications due to their superior mechanical and thermal behavior[1]. And YSZ is of considerable in-terest for applications in solid-oxide fuel cells due to its high oxygen-ion conductivity and stability in oxidizing and reducing atmospheres, oxygen sensors and microelec-tronic devices[2]. The traditional methods to produce the YSZ coatings are plasma spray, electron be…     

Blow—up Estimtes for a Non—Newton Filtration Equation

The purpose of this paper is to derive an upper bound for the rate of blow-up of solutions to the Non-Newton filtration equation where u ≥ 0,p ＞ 1. The blow up rate estimates of positive radial solutions were established by Weissler in [I]for the (1)′ with p=2. In this paper,we get same result for the (1) or (1)′ with p＞1. Then,it extent and complment result in [1].     

Catalytically Active Metal Nanoclusters Inside Cross-linked Functional Polymers:An Overview

1 Results Metal (0) nanoclusters (MNs), "strange morsels of matter"[1], are nanosized systems that are crucial components of industrially relevant catalysts (e. g. NH3 synthesis, catalytic reforming of alkanes, etc.). In recent years MNs have attracted an unprecedented attention among researchers acting in University, Scheme 1 Graphical model for the generation of size-controlled Pd0 nanoclusters inside metallated resins.a) PdⅡ is homogeneously dispersed inside the polymerGovernmental Institutions and Industry[2] and when MNs are to be utilized for catalytic purposes, their dispersion onto suitable supports is mandatory. We have started in the early nineties a long-prospects project aimed at supporting the choice of employing cross-linked functional polymers as supports of M0 nanoclusters to give M0/CFPs catalysts suitable to be utilized in the liquid phase (Scheme 1[3]). The major prospects offered by these catalysts are a) facile preparation, b) multi-functionality (exemplified by the current industrial synthesis of methyl isobutyl ketone from acetone and dihydrogen), c) re-usability, d) lack of pyrophoricity, e) easiness in obtaining polymetallic nanoclusters or nanoaggregates[2], f) reasonable chemical, thermal and mechanical stability[2]. A thorough account on the synthesis, chemistry and catalytic activity of M0/CFPs materials is available in Ref.[2].     

Conformational Changes in HL60 Cells during Differentiation and Apoptosis Induced by Genistein

IntroductionGenistein is a naturally occurring phytoestrogenpresent in a variety of plant foods,includingsoybean[1] .It is known to inhibit both tyrosineprotein kinases and DNA topoisomerase II.Akiyama et al.[2 ] described the ability of genisteinto specifically inhibit protein tyrosine kinase( PTKs) ,presumably at the level of the ATPbinding site.PTKs seem to play a key role intumorigenesis and are known to be associated withgrowth control receptors such as epidermal growthfactors[3] ,p…     

Solid State Polymer Electrolytes for Dye-sensitized Solar Cell

1 Introduction Over the past decade,Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have been intensively investigated as potential alternatives to conventional inorganic photovoltaic devices due to their low production cost and high energy conversion[1-4]. This type of solar cell has achieved an impressive energy conversion efficiency of over 10%,whose electrolyte is a voltaic organic liquid solvent containing iodide/triiodide as redox couple.However,the use of a liquid electrolyte brings difficulties in the practical application of DSSCs because of leakage and evaporation.It is well-known that ionic liquids having unique properties,such as nonvolatility,chemical and electrochemical stabilities,high ionic conductivity and gel-forming properties with polymer.Therefore,ionic liquids have attracted great attention in DSSCs due to their remarkable properties.The poly(theylene oxide) (PEO) is classical polymer matrix for solid polymer electrolyte.Based on this knowledge,our group introduced PEO-imidazole ionic liquid oligomer to electrolyte in DSSCs[2]. The gel electrolytes are also used to replace the liquid electrolytes.The gel electrolytes made from physically cross-linked gelators are unstable and have trouble in permeating into the pores of TiO2 electrodes.Our group introduced the quaternization reaction of two constituents of latent chemically cross-linked gel electrolyte precursors to overcome the permeating problem[3]. Pyridine group in organic molecules or poly(vinylpyridine) contained in the electrolyte not only can improve the open-circuit photovoltage,but also can be the reaction sites of quaternization reaction.The poly (4-vinylpyridine-co-acrylonitrile) has been synthesized and applied in the chemical gel electrolyte[4]. In this study,the copolymer of 4-vinylpyridine and oligo ethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate was synthesized and used to form all solid state electrolyte or quasi solid state electrolyte with multifunctional halogen derivatives in DSSCs.     

Migration of Cations and Anions in Amorphous Polymer Electrolytes

1 Results Polymer electrolytes are used as ion conductors in batteries and fuel cells.Simple systems consist of a polymer matrix complexing an inorganic salt and are fully amorphous at the temperatures of interest.Both cations and anions are mobile and contribute to charge transport.Most studies on polymer electrolytes use the electrical conductivity to characterize the ion mobility.However,conductivity measurements cannot discriminate between cations and anions.This paper reports some recent results from radiotracer diffusion experiments performed on electrolytes consisting of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and sodium iodide (NaI)[1-3].It is found that the self-diffusivities of cations and anions show differences in magnitude and temperature dependence[1].In addition,the measured dc conductivities are smaller than corresponding data calculated from the tracer diffusion coefficients.The discrepancy can be explained within a model[2] that makes allowance for the formation of mobile cation-anion pairs.