共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
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吉三成 《太原理工大学学报》1957,(1)
一、引言1911年,法国物理学家芦瑟福提出了原子的核式结构论。这种理论认为,一切元素的原子都是由一个原子核和围绕原子核而旋转着的电子所组成,原子核带正电荷,电子带负电荷。后来,由于中子的发现,人们确定原子核乃是由中子和质子所构成,中子不带电性,质子带正电荷,质子和中子统称为核子,在原子核里,核子紧密地结合在一起,使原子核成为一个稳定的结构,形成这种稳定结构的力,称为核子力,这种核子力,即不是两个物体之间相互作用的万有引力,也不可能是两个带电体间相互作用的电 相似文献
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张公元 《淮北煤炭师范学院学报(自然科学版)》1980,(3)
早在1932年,海森堡(Heisenberg)就曾提出〔1〕:质子和中子本是同一种粒子,只是它们的带电状态不同罢了.这一观点并为大家所公认.但从实质上讲,这一点是不正确的,因为,它在解释重子一介子族的质量差问题上遇到了困难. 大家知道,重子族的同族粒子有一个质量差规律,这就是中性粒子的质量大于带正电粒子的质量,带负电粒子的质量又大于中性粒子的质量.中子的质量较质子的质量大1.3Mev.就是其中最引人注意的一例.按照海森堡的观点,质子既然较中子多了带电 相似文献
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宗刚 《太原理工大学学报》1963,(2)
“只要自然科学思惟着,那么它底发展形式总是假设。”(恩格斯)。实验事实指出,处在基态或低激发态的原子核底性质具有周期的变化。正象原子底化学性质随着电子数目(原子序数)底增加而发生周期变化一样,原子核底性质随着它所包含的中子或质子(统称核子)数目底增加而发生周期的变化。例如结合能环绕着平均曲线发生着有规律的周期偏差,以及同位素底分布和慢中子俘获截面等一系列实验都指出某些原子核具有特殊的稔定性,这些原子核所包含的中子数或质子数等于下列被称为“幻数”之一:2,8,20,50,82,126.除了“幼数”底存在以外,周期性还表现在,例如,电四极 相似文献
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陈其翔 《北京联合大学学报(自然科学版)》1996,10(4):17-20
对质子和中子提出了一个半经典模型,并对其电磁质量和磁矩进行了计算,从而解释了质子和中子质量和磁矩的“反常”,并设计了质子和中子电磁质量的实验测量方法。 相似文献
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当我们展开门氏的元素周期表时,它明白的告诉我们:因核电荷(Z)的递增而有不同性质的原子核,这与原子核是由质子和中子构成的理论相一致。现代元素周期表只列到109号元素,就整个元素周期表而言是不完整的,那完整的元素周期表(不包括同位素)应该有多少种元素呢?本文从三联数字的角度来探讨一下这个问题。 相似文献
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利用同位旋相关的量子分子动力学模型,研究了~(112)Sn+~(112)Sn,~(124)Sn+~(124)Sn和~(132)Sn+~(132)Sn在能量为50,100,200MeV/u的反应系统中,不同中子-质子有效质量劈裂对原子核阻止和中子、质子发射数的影响.结果表明:中子-质子有效质量劈裂对原子核阻止和中子、质子发射数有很明显影响,且原子核阻止和中子、质子发射数随着有效质量劈裂的增加而递减.可以通过实验测定的原子核阻止和中子、质子发射数来确定中子-质子有效质量劈裂的值. 相似文献
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中子辐照对锆合金氧化性能的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
综述了由中子辐照引起的锆合金微观结构的变化对锆合金氧化性能的影响。阐述了中子辐照导致锆合金及氧化膜内缺陷的形成和锆合金合金元素分布变化的现象,较全面地总结了缺陷数目和合金元素分布对锆合金氧化性能的影响,较系统地提出了中子辐照下锆合金氧化性能变化的机制,概述了提高中子辐照条件下锆合金抗腐蚀能力的方法,并就该方向的进一步研究提出了看法。 相似文献
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Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness. 相似文献
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Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women's language from these perspectives: pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women's language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What's more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly. 相似文献
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理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。 相似文献
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As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death. 相似文献
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Miao Maosheng 《华南师范大学学报(自然科学版)》2014,(6)
正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula- 相似文献
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Yang Weitao 《华南师范大学学报(自然科学版)》2014,46(6):137-138
We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re- 相似文献
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Bernard Kirtman 《华南师范大学学报(自然科学版)》2014,(6)
正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that 相似文献
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《上海师范大学学报(自然科学版)》2014,(5):550
<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with 相似文献
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《吉林大学学报(理学版)》2014,(5):1105
<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has 相似文献