龙门山中段映秀地区花岗岩单元特征

映秀地区花岗岩属龙门山推覆构造带“彭灌杂岩”南段之组成部分，岩石类型以二长花岗岩、英云闪长岩为主，少量花岗闪长岩。按照同源岩浆演化序列的观点，根据岩石学、岩石化学及地球化学、接触关系等特征，将该区花岗岩划分为８个花岗岩单元。其岩石为稀土总量偏低、具负铕右倾型式的钙碱性次铝及过铝型酸性侵入岩，分属造山前陆弧Ｉ型花岗岩的成分演化序列及造山晚期Ｓ型花岗岩的结构演化序列，其形成时代为中─晚元古代。     

乌尔旗汉地区晚石炭世花岗岩岩石化学及地球化学特征分析

本文对乌尔旗汉地区晚石炭世花岗岩类进行了详细的岩石化学及地球化学(即硅酸盐、稀土特征)研究,晚石炭世花岗岩锆石结晶年龄为318±12Ma,本期花岗岩属高钾、钙碱性、低铝质岩系的"S"型花岗岩;其配分形式与正常弧花岗岩相似,反映该时代花岗岩具大陆壳特征,其岩浆主要源于地壳。     

铀系不平衡在粤北花岗岩风化速率研究中的应用

为探讨粤北花岗岩化学风化过程中所表征的地貌演化和气候环境变化，选取锦江流域为研究区，运用铀系不平衡方法，测试流域内河流水中铀的质量浓度、风化壳及岩石中铀的质量分数、234U与238U的放射性活度比，计算流域中花岗岩的化学风化速率.结果显示:在当前水热条件下，本流域中平均CIA值为86.84的花岗岩风化壳的化学风化速率为0.038 mm/a，即风化1 m厚的花岗岩需要约26 000年；在热带亚热带地区，控制岩石风化的主要因素是高温潮湿的气候条件；铀系同位素之间产生的不平衡适用于量化评估风化作用下水-土-岩三者间的相互作用，也为岩石风化及地表过程的相关研究提供了一种新的示踪手段.     

化学腐蚀下花岗岩三轴压缩力学特性试验

利用岩石三轴测试系统对3种不同p H化学溶液浸泡后的花岗岩进行三轴压缩试验,探讨不同p H化学溶液对花岗岩力学特性的腐蚀效应,获得不同化学溶液对花岗岩强度和变形特性的影响规律。并通过测量3种溶液浸泡过程中各溶液的p H变化以及浸泡岩样的质量变化分析化学溶液对岩石的腐蚀程度。研究结果表明:不同p H化学溶液对花岗岩力学性质的影响不同,p H为10溶液浸泡后的花岗岩三轴压缩强度最高,p H为13溶液浸泡后的花岗岩三轴压缩强度次之,p H为7溶液浸泡后的花岗岩三轴压缩强度最低,且花岗岩的凝聚力随差浸泡溶液的p H增加而增加,而内摩擦角随着p H增加而减少,并进一步分析化学溶液对花岗岩强度的腐蚀机理。室内试验结果可为构建花岗岩化学腐蚀条件下本构模型提供重要的试验资料。     

西藏亚勒—雄勒断裂带侵入岩体地球化学特征及构造成因

亚勒－雄勒断裂带是冈底斯板块与羌塘板块的分界断裂带，是班公湖－怒江断裂带中段的组成部分。对断裂带侵入岩岩体的岩石类型、岩石化学特征、岩石地球化学特征的研究表明，侵入岩石主要为闪长岩、石英闪长岩、角闪石闪长岩和花岗岩，属钙碱性岩石系列，具“I”型花岗岩特征。其形成是由于在冈底斯板块与羌塘板块碰撞过程中，地壳物质发生熔融而沿断裂带侵入所致，为燕山晚期产物。     

河北峪耳崖金矿区花岗岩体的岩石学特征

研究了峪耳崖岩体、葫芦峪岩体、三道湾岩体的岩石学、矿物学、岩石化学、地球化学特征，它们在板块内Ａ型俯冲过程中，由老基底太古代迁西群的变质中基性火山沉积岩系（属下地壳）重熔形成，为下地壳重熔型花岗岩．这种成因的花岗岩在华北板块存在普遍性，主要表现出Ⅰ型岩石的特征，但随重熔形成的岩浆中变质沉积岩组分的增多，亦有一些Ｓ型岩石的特征出现．     

青海野马泉地区正长花岗岩的基本特征及成因

通过野马泉地区1:5万地质矿产调查工作,发现野马泉地区A型正长花岗岩与矽卡岩型铁、多金属矿产关系密切,文中试图通过对正长花岗岩的岩石学、岩石化学、地球化学特征的研究和分析,在讨论正长花岗岩的成因基础上,通过同位素年代学研究,为确定野马泉地区与正长花岗岩有关的矽卡岩型矿床成矿时代提供依据。     

河南老湾花岗岩的源区成分模拟

老湾花岗岩的岩石化学、稀土元素和同位素特征指示出老湾花岗岩源于下地壳经部分熔融作用形成。源岩中含有壳源和幔源物质,具类似于高钾钙碱性安山岩的岩石化学特点。详细的研究表明了早元古界桐柏山群不能成为老湾花岗岩的源岩。模拟的太古代岩系岩石化学成分经高程度的部分熔融作用可以形成老湾花岗岩。     

湖南加里东期花岗岩成因及铀成矿关系

华南出露大量加里东期花岗岩,其岩石成因、构造背景长期存在争议。湖南省加里东期花岗岩年代学和地球化学数据显示,其主要形成于416～432 Ma之间,岩性主要为花岗岩和花岗闪长岩。岩石类型除少数为I型花岗岩外,大部分为S型花岗岩。地球化学特征为富硅、过铝质和高钾钙碱性系列花岗岩,富集Rb、Th、U等元素,亏损Ba、Nb、Sr等元素;指示岩浆源区为古-中元古代地壳物质部分熔融的产物,部分花岗岩有幔源物质的加入。区域地质背景和岩石地球化学数据指示湖南加里东期岩体形成于碰撞挤压峰期之后挤压减弱、应力松弛的后碰撞构造环境。区域内加里东期花岗岩中铀含量相对较高,为后期铀成矿提供物质来源。     

山东金城地区焦家断裂带下盘隐伏花岗岩类岩石地球化学特征及锆石U-Pb年龄

胶西北金矿集区内中生代花岗岩类分布广泛,与区内金矿成矿关系密切。焦家断裂带深部下盘隐伏的岩体岩性以花岗岩类为主,其成岩时间及成因分类尚存在争议,本次在金城地区采取深部花岗岩类样品,开展了锆石U-Pb测年、主微量元素等测试工作,对花岗岩的岩相学特征、形成时间、岩石地球化学特征等进行了研究。金城地区焦家断裂带下盘深部花岗岩类为中生代侏罗纪玲珑型花岗岩（测得锆石U-Pb年龄值为158.4Ma和160.4Ma）和白垩纪郭家岭型花岗岩。本次研究花岗岩样品均表现为I型花岗岩的地球化学特征,说明玲珑型花岗岩重熔物质较复杂,若重熔地壳源岩为火成岩表现为I型花岗岩的特征,重熔的地壳源岩为表壳岩类,则表现为S型花岗岩的特征。区内中生代花岗岩类的形成与太平洋板块俯冲华北板块有关,属大陆弧花岗岩类,为火山弧构造环境。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.