有机复合膨润土强化磁铁矿氧化球团机理及应用

基于有机小分子插层复合法,开发出有机复合膨润土,通过X线衍射等分析等微观手段及成球性指数测定,揭示有机复合膨润土通过化学吸附和复合分子桥联作用改善铁精矿成球的作用机理.研究结果表明:有机复合膨润土用于氧化球团工业生产,膨润土质量分数由3.0%左右降低到1.4%左右,减少50%以上;生球强度提高0.9次/(0.5 m),爆裂温度提高150℃左右,生球热稳定性明显提高,成品球团铁品位提高1.02%,成品球球团矿抗压强度提高1 kN/个以上;在降低膨润土配比前提下,生球强度和热稳定性提高,成品球团矿的强度和铁品位提高.     

有机粘结剂替代膨润土制备氧化球团

为了提高球团矿铁品位,研究新型有机粘结剂D替代膨润土对球团制备的影响。研究结果表明:采用有机粘结剂D完全替代膨润土,当其用量为0.25%~0.30%(质量分数)时,即可获得满足要求的生球性能及成品球强度,但预热球强度很低,只有100 N/个左右,只能用于对预热球强度要求不高的球团生产工艺;而有机粘结剂D部分替代膨润土时,不仅可以获得良好的生球性能及成品球强度,预热球强度也可满足生产要求;在0.10%有机粘结剂D和0.50%膨润土的条件下,生球落下强度大于3次/(0.5 m),且爆裂温度大于600℃,成品球强度达到2.6~2.9 kN/个,预热球强度大于400 N/个;有机粘结剂D的应用使球团铁品位明显提高,用0.30%有机粘结剂D完全替代膨润土时,球团铁品位为64.07%,比1.0%膨润土的球团提高0.76%;采用0.10%有机粘结剂D和0.50%膨润土时,球团铁品位为63.74%,比1.0%膨润土球团提高0.43%。     

正交实验法制备球团矿复合粘结剂

为了降低球团膨润土用量,利用正交实验方法进行了几种膨润土与有机粘结剂混合的造球试验,确定了最佳的粘结剂种类、用量和复配方案.试验结果表明,复合粘结剂的成球性能远远优于单纯使用膨润土的,而且大幅度降低了粘结剂的配比,从而提高了球团矿的品位.     

钙和镁添加剂在氧化球团中的应用

对石灰石、菱镁石和白云石3种钙、镁添加剂对球团性能、TFe品位以及生产工艺的影响进行研究。研究结果表明:添加剂降低了生球落下强度和预热球抗压强度,但提高了生球爆裂温度;添加剂中的CaO使焙烧球抗压强度先升高后降低,MgO使得焙烧球抗压强度降低;加入钙、镁添加剂会降低球团矿TFe品位,通过添加生石灰或有机黏结剂取代膨润土,可以提高球团的TFe品位;钙、镁添加剂在干燥预热段分解吸热会影响链篦机的热平衡,通过在球团中内配无烟煤,由无烟煤燃烧放热来提供钙、镁添加剂热分解所需的热量,可以维持链篦机的热平衡制度;通过添加生石灰或有机黏结剂和内配适量的无烟煤,可解决钙、镁添加剂在氧化球团中应用的难题。     

含钛精矿用于鞍钢球团的试验研究

为探索将含钛精矿配加到鞍钢卡拉拉精矿中进行球团生产的可行性,考察了膨润土配比、含钛精矿配比和焙烧温度对含钛球团性能的影响。结果表明：在含钛磁铁矿配比为5%~25%条件下,添加1.3%~1.5%的膨润土,可制得满足生产要求的生球;焙烧温度与含钛磁铁矿配比对成品球的抗压强度具有重要的影响,随着焙烧温度升高,抗压强度先增大后减小,在1 200℃左右达到最大值,同时增加含钛磁铁矿的配比可提高抗压强度上升幅度。从球团矿相的角度出发,采用偏光显微镜、扫描电镜（SEM+EDS）和电子探针（EPMA）等分析测试方法,分析了添加含钛磁铁矿降低球团适宜焙烧温度及含钛球团与普通球团强度差异的内在机理,发现在1 150℃时生成了钛赤铁矿,球团获得了强度来源,而高温下TFe （全铁）的氧化再结晶能力差,球团抗压强度降低,因此含钛球团的适宜焙烧温度较低;而含钛球团中钛赤铁矿较粗大,氧化再结晶能力较弱,相反普通球团具有大量细而均匀的磁铁矿晶粒,因此强度较普通球团低。     

菱铁矿和褐铁矿球团制备技术研究

对菱铁矿和褐铁矿精矿进行了造球、焙烧试验研究,结果表明：在菱铁精矿中配加褐铁矿的同时配加磁铁矿,既可提高生球强度,又可提高爆裂温度;链篦机—回转窑焙烧该球团时,操作难度大,球团矿质量差;采用烧结法焙烧菱铁矿和褐铁矿球团时,因高温保持时间短而导致球团强度低,配入磁铁矿后,既延长了高温保持时间,又提高了成品率、转鼓强度和抗压强度,增加预热段可改善烧结指标;用带式焙烧法焙烧菱铁矿和褐铁矿球团时,获得了成品率为98.26%,利用系数为0.654t/（m^2·h）,转鼓强度为80.65%和抗压强度为1762N/个的球团矿。该研究为我国储量丰富,但难焙烧的菱铁矿和褐铁矿的开发利用提供了新思路。     

有机粘结剂氧化球团固结特性及强化措施

研究有机粘结剂球团和膨润土球团的矿相结构、矿物组成,并比较这2种粘结剂在成球过程中的作用机理.认为有机粘结剂球团比膨润土球团固结强度低的原因主要有2个:一是与膨润土球团相比,有机粘结剂球团中颗粒接触不够紧密、球团孔隙率高,二是起粘结作用的低熔点物质含量少.通过磨矿降低铁精矿原料粒度,采用润磨工艺,可增大有机粘结剂球团颗粒之间的接触,在950℃预热10 min以及在1250℃焙烧10 min的条件下,使有机粘结剂球团的预热球强度从159 N/个提高到488 N/个,焙烧球强度从1 405 N/个提高到2 534 N/个;另外,添加1.25%的石灰石有利于球团中低熔点物质的生成,在1 010℃预热10 min以及在1 250℃焙烧10 min的条件下,可以使有机粘结剂球团的预热球强度从245 N/个提高到426 N/个,焙烧球强度从1 477 N/个提高到3 051 N/个.     

高压辊磨预处理强化巴西镜铁矿球团

采用高压辊磨技术预处理镜铁矿,对强化其球团工艺及机理进行了研究.扫描电镜观测证实,通过优化高压辊磨闭路流程的循环负荷,巴西镜铁矿的表面形状及比表面积得到改善,成球性得到明显提高.以70%镜铁矿配加30%磁铁矿为原料,采用71%高压辊磨产品返回方式处理后,在添加2.4%的膨润土、造球时间15 min及造球水分8%的条件下,生球各指标与同配比未经高压辊磨处理的相比均有大幅度提高,其0.5 m落下强度达到4.5次,单球抗压强度10.25 N,爆裂温度455℃;生球在预热温度1 050℃、预热时间10 min,焙烧温度1 280℃、焙烧时间12 min的条件下焙烧,成品球单球抗压强度达到2 690.88 N,满足球团生产的要求.     

高镁球团焙烧特性及其固结强化机理

分别以蛇纹石、MgO粉和菱镁石作为含镁添加剂,研究高镁球团的焙烧特性。研究结果表明:随着球团中MgO质量分数的增加,磁铁矿球团和赤铁矿球团的预热球和焙烧球强度都降低,表明MgO质量分数的提高不利于球团的固结;通过添加含钙和含硼物质,改善了高镁球团的预热球和焙烧球强度;随着球团矿碱度的提高,球团矿预热球和焙烧球强度都是先升高后降低,碱度为0.4~0.5时达到最大值,而随着球团硼质量分数的增加,球团预热球和焙烧球强度都升高;添加含钙和含硼物质可促进低熔点物质的形成,使球团产生适宜的液相量,加快Mg2+和Fe3+的扩散,促进含镁熔剂的矿化和Fe2O3再结晶,从而改善含镁球团的固结强度。     

程潮铁矿球团配加黏结剂试验研究

对程潮铁矿高压辊磨前后的铁精矿分别添加膨润土、有机黏结剂、复合黏结剂进行造球试验。结果表明,单独添加少量的膨润土或有机黏结剂,其生球爆裂温度指标合格,生球强度指标不合格;采用膨润土质量分数为2.0%、有机黏结剂质量分数为0.05%的复合黏结剂,其生球抗压强度为14.5N/个、生球落下强度为(0.5m)12.1次/个、生球爆裂温度为630℃、成品球抗压强度为3 024N/个,球团质量有较大的提高。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with