微穿孔板结构声反射与吸收特性的实验和应用

依据马大猷教授的微穿孔板基本理论，在对微穿孔板吸声结构完成吸声理论计算的基础上，进行参数选择并设计了微穿孔吸声反射板的结构，用于新建的阶梯教室和体育馆中．同时，分析了这种微穿孔吸声反射板结构在阶梯教室中的声反射和声吸收性能、经现场测试与主观评价，证明了此方法对阶梯教室和体育馆音质效果控制的有效性和可行性，     

有限大背腔单层微穿孔板吸声体吸声特性研究

基于声有限元数值方法研究了有限大背腔单层微穿孔板吸声体的吸声特性.首先,建立了该类单层微穿孔板吸声体的有限元数值模型,并采用等效电路法对其准确性进行了验证.然后,基于已验证的仿真模型讨论了有限大背腔单层微穿孔板吸声体的斜入射吸声性能,以及背腔宽深比对其扩散场吸声系数的影响规律.结果显示,在正入射条件下,单层微穿孔板吸声体的吸声性能主要受到有限大背腔非切向模态的影响,而在斜入射条件下,主要受到切向模态的影响;不同入射角度的声波会激发有限大背腔不同的切向模态,从而改善单层微穿孔板吸声体的高频吸声性能;调整背腔宽深比能有效控制单层微穿孔板吸声体扩散场吸声系数曲线高频吸声峰的位置,并且存在最佳宽深比使其同时具有较高的吸声系数和较宽的吸声频带.本文可为噪声控制工程和室内声学设计提供有用的参考.     

微穿孔板吸声体的某些问题及计算机辅助设计

为使马大猷教授提出的关于微穿孔板吸声结构和吸声体的精确理论能够在生产实践中得到迅速而广泛的应用，本文进行了这方面的计算机辅助设计，并对其中的某些问题，如结构参数与吸声特性之间的相互影响及高声强环境下微穿孔极吸声体的设计特点等，进行了较为深入的分析和探讨．     

角锥吸声体布置方式对吸声性能的影响分析

本文分析了角锥吸声体不同布置方式对声吸收效果的影响，结果表明，分散棋格布置方式可获得较好的技术和经济效益。     

基于超构材料设计吸声降噪结构的研究进展

噪声污染是重要的环境问题,研究如何设计吸声结构以降低环境中的噪声一直是一项富有挑战性的课题。相比于传统材料,超构材料因其低频吸声的突出优势,成为目前设计研究的热点。首先介绍2种主要的声学吸收机制：声学黏滞性理论和热传导理论。在此基础上,阐述了吸声结构的基本设计分析方法,包括阻抗分析方法、数值计算方法以及实验方法,其中阻抗分析方法主要介绍了阻抗匹配理论和复频率平面分析方法。接着,根据目前吸声结构的设计研究现状进行分类,深入介绍基于超构材料设计的研究进展,讨论了其实际应用和可能的发展方向,最后从结构设计、工作频带、结构尺寸、吸声效果方面对基于超材料的吸声结构进行了总结,并分析了其在实际应用和不同工况下面临的挑战。     

透明微穿孔膜构造的吸声性能测量

为了研究微穿孔膜墙面吸声结构和空间吸声体的声学特性，在混响室中对8组墙面吸声体与7组空间吸声体的宽频带吸声系数进行了测量，以探讨吸声体的构造与其声学特性之间的关系．测量数据表明，微穿孔膜墙面吸声构造和空间吸声体具有良好的声学性能．该测量数据可以直接应用于实际声学工程，也可以用来与理论计算进行比较研究．     

空间有源声吸收的理论研究

理论研究了空间有源声吸收问题．从声场和能量的角度出发，通过理论分析，本文给出了空间声场中单极子、偶极子和四极子所能达到的最大消声量及为此而须满足的条件，并且分析了其吸声性能，指出了各自的空间吸声方位角．通过分析高阶次级源结构，概括了一维多极子源的吸声条件和吸声性能。由于一维多极子源结构存在空间吸声方位角，本文发展了多维次级源结构，可对空间内任何方向入射来的声波进行声吸收。分析中没有涉及初级声源，因此所得结果具有普遍性。     

烧结金属纤维多孔材料的高温吸声性能

以烧结金属纤维多孔材料为研究对象,对其在不同温度（20～500℃）和温度梯度（-2．4℃／mm,＋4．05℃／mm）作用下的吸声性能进行了理论计算和分析．应用双传声器传递函数法原理,设计并搭建了多孔金属材料高温吸声性能实验的测试装置,对材料在不同温度点下的吸声性能进行了实验测试,初步验证了理论计算的正确性．研究表明,采用参考温度法能够较好地计算温度较低时的材料吸声性能,温度的变化对多孔金属材料表面声阻抗率具有显著影响．当存在温度梯度场作用时,应重视温度梯度对多孔金属材料总体吸声性能的影响,在一定条件下,负温度梯度可以提高材料的吸声性能,而正温度梯度可使材料吸声性能趋于降低．     

空间吸声体吸声性能的研究

本文研究并实验了目前常用的四种装饰材料对吸声体吸声性能的影响，在同等表面积、等量相同的吸声材料、空腔体积依次增大、侧面边数增多的条件下，不同形状吸声体的吸声特性，以及吸声体底面面积，空腔体积和吸声系数的关系；研究并实验了声源是否固定，传声器带不带防风罩对测试结果的影响。     

对预测教堂内早期声能量衰变的延时耦合空间模型的改进

采用脉冲激励响应的方法对两种不同类型的教堂早期声能量衰变过程进行了研究．结果表明，在Barron模型中耦合效应比声源与接收点的距离影响更大．文中还提出了延时耦舍空间模型．将几何声学引入统计声学来检测扩散场条件，同时通过对声音从声源传播到每个扩散场子空间的延时，修正了关于脉冲宽度的初始条件．基于耦合空间的理论预测与实际测量结果较为一致．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with