曝气生物滤池处理生活污水的实验研究

采用陶粒为滤料的曝气生物滤池处理生活污水,考察水力停留时间(HRT)、曝气量、pH值对处理效果的影响.实验结果表明,在水力停留时间为3~6 h时,对出水COD去除率可达83.7%~90%,对氨氮去除率可达85%以上;在曝气量为0.08~032 m3/h时,对出水COD去除率可达到83.4%~86.8%,出水氨氮最高去除率可达85.2%.pH值在6.57~8.72之间对COD、氨氮基本没有影响.曝气生物滤池处理的生活污水出水COD、氨氮均可达到国家二级出水的标准.     

循环曝气生物氧化反应器处理炼厂重油裂解废水

炼厂重油裂解(主要为渣油焦化)废水是一种含硫化物、氨氮、以及其它恶臭物质的高浓度废水.利用两级循环曝气生物氧化对炼厂重油焦化废水进行了预处理和脱臭处理中试实验,考察了空气流量、水力停留时间(HRT)和反冲洗周期等因素对污水中硫化物、氨氮、COD和恶臭的处理效果影响.实验结果表明,对于硫化物为50～115 mg/L、氨氮为50～110 mg/L、COD为1 900～3 500 mg/L和恶臭强度为4～5级的炼厂焦化废水,在处理量为5L/h、pH 7.5～9、单级反应器的HRT为24.h、单级空气流量为0.45 m3/h、DO大于2 mg/L的情况下,经过两级生物处理后,硫化物、氨氮、COD平均去除率分别达95.5％、63.6％、81.8％,出水硫化物、氨氮、COD的平均浓度分别为1.6 mg/L、10 mg/L、226 mg/L,出水恶臭强度为2级,为低臭工业水,可回用到重油焦化装置.     

曝气生物流化床处理炼油厂含硫和高氨氮污水的研究

炼油厂含硫污水因含高浓度的油、COD、硫化物及挥发酚而难于生化降解，催化剂生产中排放的污水因含高浓度的氨氮、盐类、悬浮物质以及低浓度的有机物而成为水处理的难题．本文采用一种曝气生物流化床（ABFT）工艺，对含硫污水和催化剂高氨氮污水的混合污水进行了现场连续试验，结果表明：在混合污水COD为2090mg／L、氨氮为600mg／L、挥发酚为27mg／L和硫化物为154mg／L的情况下，ABFT系统出水COD为95mg／L、氨氮为4．0mg／L、挥发酚为0．30mg／L和硫化物为0．0067mg／L，出水达到了国家污水排放标准一级标准．在处理工艺中，动态氧化和混凝沉淀作为预处理，ABFT反应器采用了合成高分子载体固定化微生物技术，该载体具有大孔网状以及优良的机械强度和化学性能，高效微生物B350通过化学键固定在载体上．克氏定氮法表明，ABFT中生物负载量为32mg／L．试验结果显示：在处理高氨氮污水方面，ABFT工艺比SBR工艺具有更强的优势，同时，ABFT系统具有较高的处理效率和耐冲击负荷能力．     

改进曝气生物滤池技术研究

提出化学混凝与曝气生物滤池结合,通过混凝处理和生物膜过滤的双重作用,对城市二级处理出水进行深度处理,以实现污水的回用.结果表明:在原水水质CODcr=672 mg/L、SS=200 mg/L、BOD5=576mg/L、pH=6.1时,出水CODcr=52 mg/L、SS=10 mg/L、BOD5=24 mg/L、pH=8.6.相对于单独使用BAF,组合工艺对CODcr,SS,BOD5,pH值的去除率均有所提高.系统、综合地给出了混凝-曝气生物滤池工艺流程和最佳工艺条件,为混凝-曝气生物滤池应用提供了技术参数.     

污水高效处理和资源化的固定化微生物技术研究

采用功能化大孔载体FPUFS并以载体结合法固定化高效微生物菌群B350，所得固定化B350置于曝气池中构成一个有效容积为1500L的固定化微生物-曝气生物滤池（I-BAF）污水处理系统。通过对进水与出水氨氮（NH4^ -N）、挥发酚及化学耗氧量（COD）的检测分析，以煤气厂焦化污水的现场连续运转处理为例对I-BAF系统的处理效果进行了系统研究。研究了I-BAF系统对实际工业污水的处理性能，得出了I-BAF系统的去除COD、挥发酚和氨氮的效果曲线。结果表明：I-BAF系统对煤气厂焦化污水具有较好的处理效果，在进水COD为3450mg/L，NH4^ -N为451mg/L，挥发酚177mg/L，色度120倍时，处理出水COD为57.5mg/L，NH4^ -N.285mg/L，挥发酚0.498mg/L，色度为12。这一处理效果是现行其他方法难以达到的，因此本研究对污水的高效处理和资源化具有重要的意义。     

曝气生物滤池工艺去除氨氮影响因素分析

以四川省眉山市污水处理厂曝气生物滤池为研究对象,对氨氮的去除效果及影响因素进行了探讨.试验结果表明,曝气生物滤池对氨氮去除效果具有一定的抗冲击负荷能力,在进水氨氮平均为45.37mg/L时,平均出水氨氮和去除率分别为10.03mg/L和77.89%,去除效果稳定;水温较高时曝气生物滤池去除氨氮效果较好,低温时其对氨氮去...     

两段BAF处理生活污水中试研究

采用两段曝气生物滤池处理生活污水进行了试验研究,探讨了不同的水力停留时间(HRT)对处理效果的影响.结果表明:HRT为1～4 h时,进水COD质量浓度98～154.2 mg/L 的条件下,COD的去除率平均为74.1%,SS的去除率平均为84.5%,NH3-N去除率平均为55.4%,出水COD降至18.6～50.4 mg/ L,SS降至4.8～14 mg/ L,NH3-N降至1.7～28.4 mg/ L;发现NH3-N随着HRT变化较大,COD和TSS变化不显著.同时对第二段生物滤池内生物相特征进行了深入研究,并试验出该系统处理生活污水各段最佳的反冲洗周期.     

生物浮动床处理电厂厂区生活污水

利用"生物浮动床-过滤-臭氧杀菌"技术处理电厂厂区生活污水,耐有机负荷冲击和水力冲击的能力强,对CODcr、氨氮、总磷有较好的去除效果.CODcr总去除率最高可达到95%,出水CODcr稳定在10～30 mg/L;总磷去除率达到50%以上,出水总磷质量浓度低于0.5mg/L;对NH3-N的去除率基本可以稳定在80%以上;浊度消减率可达到84%,细菌杀灭率大于99.9%,出水细菌浓度小于1/L.     

平板膜生物反应器处理含50%海水污水的优化研究

为确定含海水污水的最优处理条件,在生活污水中加入等量海水作为研究对象,研究平板膜生物反应器(MBR)在不同操作条件下(回流比,曝气强度,污泥浓度)的处理效果。结果表明,利用A/O-MBR处理含50%海水污水的最优条件为:回流比为300%;曝气量为3m3/h;污泥浓度为5 000~6 000mg/L。出水COD含量为17.9~24.4mg/L,氨氮含量为2.23~3.28mg/L,总氮含量为7.27~9.05mg/L,均满足一级A的国家标准。COD、氨氮及总氮的去除率分别为94.52%,93.59%和86.69%。造成膜污染的主要因素是膜孔堵塞带来的内部污染,通过水洗—酸洗—碱洗三个步骤可基本恢复膜通量。     

Application of High-Rate Up-Flow Biological Aerated Filter to Pretreatment for Large-Scale Waterworks

为克服氨氮和有机物对饮用水源的微污染,广州市某水厂首次采用了高速给水曝气生物滤池(HUBAF)生物预处理新工艺,处理规模为73.5万m3/d.工程投产稳定运行后,初期3个月原水氨氮和CODMn分别为0.44～2.22 mg/L和1.84～6.06 mg/L,预处理出水分别小于0.5 mg/L和2.0mg/L;原水的铁和锰最高达1.16 mg/L和0.22 mg/L,出厂水最高达0.05 mg/L和0.03 mg/L.HUBAF采用大颗粒轻质陶粒并结合流化床技术,对浑浊度的去除平均仅为2.5 NTU,生物滤池过滤水头损失稳定在1.0m以下.其冲洗方式为气水联合上、下冲洗,冲洗前后各滤池的过滤水头损失差不超过0.1m,为共用1套集中鼓风曝气系统创造了条件.与弹性填料接触氧化池和悬浮球流化池等已投入应用的生物预处理技术相比,HUBAF抗冲击负荷能力强,氨氮硝化率高,除铁除锰能力强.HUBAF-常规工艺生物强化集成技术对有机物的去除率与“臭氧-生物活性炭”给水深度净水工艺处于同一水平.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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