CSI完备性对自适应MIMO-OFDM系统性能的影响分析

针对MIMO-OFDM系统的自适应算法建立了性能评估模型,推导了非自适应和自适应条件下系统的频谱效率,研究了信道状态信息(CSI)的完备性对2×2 MIMO-OFDM系统性能的影响.理论分析和仿真结果表明MIMO-OFDM系统对信道估计误差和时延有着一定的鲁棒性,但在条件较恶劣时频谱效率还是会受到较大影响,进而提出了不完备CSI情况下的应对策略.     

基于LDPC自适应编码调制的图像传输性能

研究了基于LDPC码的自适应编码调制技术及其在慢衰落无线信道图像传输中的应用,分析了确定最优信噪比转换门限集合的最小均方误差非线性曲线拟合法,进而得到基于LDPC码的自适应编码调制系统的最大平均吞吐量性能。仿真结果表明,在慢衰落无线信道图像传输中,系统能获得满意的图像传输质量和很高的频谱利用率。     

信道估计误差与延迟对自适应Turbo编码调制的误码率性能影响

提出了一种慢衰落信道上较为实用化的自适应Turbo编码调制(ATuCM)设计方案,并着重研究了信道估计误差与延迟对ATuCM的误码率(BER)性能的影响,最后通过计算机真对理论分析结果加以验证.分析和仿真结果表明,为了维持系统所需的BER性能,固定估计误差值应小于0.07dB,随机估计误差的离差要低于0.6,而时间延迟应控制在0.001/(v/λc)以内.     

基于IEEE 802.11a标准的LDPC编码的OFDM无线通信系统

基于IEEE802 11a无线局域网标准,深入研究了LDPC码编码的OFDM无线通信系统。针对此系统,提出了简化的LDPC码编码调制译码初始化算法。该算法不需信道噪声功率,根据星座图上符号间的距离计算接收符号的后验概率,然后得到译码所需要的初始对数似然比消息。仿真结果表明,在多信道下系统上有较好的性能,初始化算法是有效的。     

VBLAST-MC-CDMA系统自适应调制仿真分析

提出一种应用卷积码编码的VBLAST-MC-CDMA系统上行链路结构,并将自适应调制技术应用于上行链路结构中。自适应调制门限的设定采用试验法。先设定需要的误码率门限,并以此为依据通过仿真结果确定系统调制方式的转换门限。通过仿真,分别讨论了用户数固定和用户数变化时该自适应调制系统的误码率性能。仿真结果表明,两种情况下自适应调制都能在不牺牲期望误码率性能的情况下提高系统的频谱效率。     

多载波调制系统中的自适应调制方法

针对数字无线通信系统紧张的频率资源问题,提出了一种应用于多载波调制(multicarrier modula-tion,MCM)系统的自适应调制方法,该方法可提高系统频谱利用率,保证系统的目标BER性能和实现不同重要等级的数据传输。采用功率控制区技术,改善了系统的平均BER或BPS。理论分析与仿真结果均证明了该方法的良好性能。     

密度进化及其简化形式

密度进化方法是分析现代高效纠错编译码渐近性能的新方法.在简要阐述低密度奇偶校验码(LDPC码)及其和积算法的基础上,较系统地论述了密度进化方法的基本原理.该方法在不同信道下有不同的简化形式.针对规则LDPC码详细给出了在AWGN信道下确定其门限值的高斯近似及删除信道近似方法.该方法可操作性强,能在未进行误比特率(BER)仿真的情况下分析码字性能,对高效纠错编译码的优化设计具有重要的指导作用.     

LDPC-DFH编码调制与系统性能仿真

研究短波差分跳频(DFH)通信系统适用的编码调制方案.将DFH系统频率转移函数看作一个编码器,利用多元域低密度奇偶校验(LDPC)码代替普通的频率转移函数生成跳频点序列,形成一种新的LDPC-DFH编码调制技术.给出LDPC-DFH的译码算法,并对高斯白噪声信道和短波(HF)信道下LDPC-DFH系统进行仿真.仿真结果表明,与传统DFH系统相比,LDPC-DFH系统的性能更优,而且在短波信道下仍能保持较好的误比特率性能.     

基于差分编码调制的多址中继网络编码方法

现有多址接入中继信道（multiple-access relay channel,MARC）的网络编码技术多采用非差分调制,相干解调时会产生相位模糊。引用差分调制可克服此问题,但解调性能会损失约2.5 dB。为了弥补此损失,文中提出一种基于差分调制的比特交织编码调制迭代译码（bit-interleaved coded modulation scheme with iterative decoding,BICM-ID）方法。利用外信息转移图分析比较了两种编码（卷积码和低密度校验（low density parity check,LDPC）码）结合差分正交幅度调制（differential quadrature amplitude modulation,DQAM）在格雷和改进集合分割（modified set partitioning, MSP）映射下的性能,并做仿真对比。结果表明,对于差分调制,格雷映射比MSP映射更优。对于格雷映射,卷积码比LDPC码更优,有0.7dB的增益,且复杂度更低。     

基于星座成形的高谱效编码调制方案

针对规则正交幅度调制星座在高阶调制系统中产生的成形损失问题，研究比较了概率成形和几何成形方案。通过平均互信息的分析，从理论上表明概率成形可以获得更好的成形增益。在相同谱效、相同误帧率的条件下，概率成形相比几何成形需要的信噪比更低。编码方面，相比二元低密度奇偶校验(low-density parity-check，LDPC)码，多元LDPC码可以获得编码增益。仿真结果表明，基于星座成形的高谱效编码调制方案是有效的，适用于未来移动通信系统超高可靠性的要求。     

Changes in family structure in early childhood in the Millennium Cohort Study

This article develops a typology of family change over the first five years of children's lives using data from the Millennium Cohort Study. It examines the changes over time of parental living arrangements and describes a range of social, economic and well-being indicators. It shows that nearly three quarters of this sample of young children have not experienced changes in family structures. The most advantaged group appears to be children living with continuously married parents, followed by those who live with cohabiting parents who marry. Children who experienced changes in family structure are a diverse group. Coupled parents who separate suffer the largest drop in income over five years. Lone parents who partner gain the most income. However, their incomes are still much lower than continuously partnered parents. This article suggests that using static or overly simplified measures of family structure hides important variations in the experiences of children.     

Systems practice in several communities in Philadelphia

Several volunteer community groups in inner-city Philadelphia have been working to improve their blighted neighborhoods. This article describes how they applied Ackoff's interactive planning and Forrester's system dynamics and then details two programs that were implemented as a result. Examples of government efforts and “community development” funding structures are included for contrast. Local and federal government efforts tend to address the symptoms, but not the producers of problems, and are short-sighted because they tend to ignore the context that creates the problem situation. The structures for allocating resources appear to serve the purposes of decision makers who allocate funds, at the expense of the communities that desperately need services. A major point of this article is that such systems approaches as interactive management and system dynamics offer hope for solving seemingly intractable problems that threaten many communities and societies today.     

自助式借还书系统中的多书侦测研究

为了尽可能减少自助式借还书过程中的违规操作,需要对操作中所借还的图书进行多书侦测进行研究,由于现有的基于磁场的多书侦测系统可靠性不够高,提出研究一种工作于可见光波段的多书侦测系统,该系统利用摄象头跟踪被借还图书,提取出图书的侧面图,并分析侧面图以判断是否存在违规操作.     

植物耐盐性研究进展

从盐碱胁迫对植物造成的伤害、胁迫的机理、植物的适应性反应以及如何提高植物耐盐性等方面综述了植物耐盐碱研究进展,阐明了植物不仅可以通过吸收无机物和合成有机物来增强抗盐性,还可以通过排盐、稀盐、拒盐来适应盐碱逆境,并展望了今后植物抗盐碱研究的方向。表2,参61。     

Developments in census taking in the last 25 years

This article looks back at censuses of population conducted since 1971. It identifies some of the most important changes with respect to questions asked, methods of collecting the census and the production of outputs. In particular it discusses the introduction of the ONS Longitudinal Study following the 1971 Census and the Samples of Anonymised Records following the 1991 Census. This article outlines some of the changes being introduced for the 2001 Census, including methods of dealing with under-enumeration and improved access to outputs.     

经济系统风险模型及建模方法探讨

从经济系统的系统目标出发,针对经济系统中经济活动事件的价值体现过程,对经济系统风险进行定义,提出风险因子的概念,并建立一种包含两层结构的经济系统风险模型。通过分析风险值与风险事件关系,建立顶层风险模型;分析风险因素与风险因子关系,建立底层模型;顶层模型和底层模型由风险因素与风险事件的关系进行连接,从而提高风险分析过程所包含的信息量和风险分析针对性。     

我国大额支付系统中的流动性风险

提出支付系统流动性风险管理的新方法,并使用芬兰银行的BoF-PSS2模拟软件对我国大额支付数据进行实证分析,通过研究存款准备金率与支付系统流动性需求的关系,以及在支付系统中引入优化算法对流动性需求和系统效率的作用,论证新的风险管理方法的可行性.实证结果表明随着存款准备金率的不断上调,支付系统中的参与者面临越来越大的流动性需求压力.而引入优化算法可以降低参与者对流动性的需求并且提高系统的效率.因此中央银行可以在加强监管、要求参与者提供抵押并在当天末归还全部日间信贷等条件下向参与者提供流动性,并且引入优化算法,应用新的风险管理方法来有效管理支付系统中的流动性风险.     

Stability and change in ethnic groups in England and Wales

The Office for National Statistics (ONS) Longitudinal Study (LS) is an exceptional resource for exploring dynamic processes in individuals' lives for a representative sample of the population of England and Wales and across a thirty year period, including how those processes vary by ethnic group. However, analyses tend to assume a certain stability in the meaning of the ethnic group being studied: the insights into ethnic group differentiation are premised on the fact that the group has the same meaning over time. Here we show how the LS allows us to challenge such notions of group stability. This has practical implications for the ways we measure and conceive of Britain's minority ethnic groups. We illustrate this point with two examples: one exploring the change in ethnic group identification by the same individuals between 1991 and 2001, and the second exploring how loss to follow up is differentially experienced according to ethnic group. We provide some suggestions on the implications of this ethnic group instability for other research.     

战术仿真系统中数据交互的实时性研究

实时性要求是分布式战术训练仿真时空一致性的基本要求。通过对战术训练仿真系统结构的分析,对仿真系统及各分系统节点分别提出了不同的实时性控制策略。对战术训练仿真系统来说主要是优化网络结构,并发送同步信号使各节点时钟同步,而对于各分系统节点来说主要是进行实时性改造使其时钟恒定。系统已投入使用,实践证明该系统运行稳定可靠。     

投入产出分析中在产品的计算方法

提出了在投入产出模型中,考虑在产品因素可以提高模型精度的思想,同时研究了建立模型的方法、在产品的特点、及成本计算方法