Ni—P—B4C复合电刷镀工艺研究

在Ni-P-B4C合金电刷镀技术的基础上，研究了在镀液中加入B4C微粒，通过改变镀液浓度、电压、pH值以及镀速等条件，达到改变镀层的厚度、硬度以及耐蚀性等。经过多次实验比较，得到了Ni-P-B4C合金复合电刷镀镀液较佳的浓度配制。并对电刷镀镀液各成分在刷镀中的作用以及它们对镀速和镀层成分的影响等方面作了较详细的分析。进而对复合电刷镀中微粒的共沉积机理作了初步的探讨。从而提出了一套较完整的Ni-P-B4C复合电刷镀工艺方案。     

氯化铵体系Zn—Ni合金电镀

研究了镀液成分和各工艺参数对镀层Ｎｉ含量，外观的影响，并对添加剂进行了筛选和分析，获得了耐蚀性为同等厚度锌镀层６倍以上的光亮Ｚｎ－Ｎｉ（１３％）合金电镀的配方和工艺条件，并对镀液和镀层性能进行了检测。     

氯化铵体系Zn─Ni合金电镀

研究了镀液成分和各工艺参数对镀层Ｎｉ含量、外观的影响，并对添加剂进行了筛选和分析，获得了耐蚀性为同等厚度锌镀层６倍以上的光亮Ｚｎ─Ｎｉ（１３％）合金电镀的配方和工艺条件，并对镀液和镀层性能进行了检测。     

稀土对电刷镀Ni－P合金组织结构的影响

研究了在晶态Ｎｉ－Ｐ合金刷镀液中添加稀土后，镀层组织结构上的变化，Ｘ射线衍射及透射电子衍射分析表明：在镀液中添加一定量的稀土可显著提高镀层中的非晶态组织比例，其变化规律与相应的镀层耐蚀性能变化规律是一致的，并讨论了可能的机理。     

复合电刷镀工艺研究

本文详细分析了电刷镀渡液各成分在刷镀中的作用，并对复合电剧镀中微粒的共沉积机理作了初步的探讨，为正确制定复合电刷镀工艺提供了依据。扫描电镜结果表明，复合镀层较纯镍镀层更加致密。     

电沉积Ni—W—P工艺及镀层性能的研究

对碱性条件下电沉积Ｎｉ－Ｗ－Ｐ的镀液组成及工艺进行了优选,对镀层性能结果进行了研究。经Ｘ射线衍射表明：Ｎｉ－Ｗ－Ｐ在镀态下和３００℃以下热处理时,镀层为非晶态的,而在３５０℃以上热处理镀层转变为晶态。     

Ni-P-B4C复合电刷镀工艺研究

在Ni-P-B4C合金电刷镀技术的基础上,研究了在镀液中加入B4C微粒,通过改变镀液浓度、电压、pH值以及镀速等条件,达到改变镀层的厚度、硬度以及耐蚀性等。经过多次实验比较,得到了Ni-P-B4C合金复合电刷镀镀液较佳的浓度配制。并对电刷镀镀液各成分在刷镀中的作用以及它们对镀速和镀层成分的影响等方面作了较详细的分析。进而对复合电刷镀中微粒的共沉积机理作了初步的探讨。从而提出了一套较完整的Ni-P-B4C复合电刷镀工艺方案。     

稀土元素化学镀镍工艺及防腐性能研究

研究了在稀土元素存在条件下 ,钢铁表面进行化学镀Ni-P合金时其镀液成分对镀层的影响 ,检验了镀层的耐腐蚀性。结果表明 :用最佳工艺镀得的镀层较厚 ,耐腐蚀性能较好 ,镀层光亮、致密     

稀土元素化学镀镍工艺及防腐性能研究

研究了在稀土元素存在条件下，钢铁表面进行化学镀Ni—P合金时其镀液成分对镀层的影响，检验了镀层的耐腐蚀性。结果表明：用最佳工艺镀得的镀层较厚，耐腐蚀性能较好，镀层光亮、致密。     

铝合金Ni-Co-P/Si3N4镀层的化学复合镀制备及其硬度

针对铝合金硬度较低等缺点,采用化学复合镀方法在铝合金表面制备了Ni-Co-P/Si3N4镀层。通过正交试验,研究了铝硅合金基体化学镀Ni-Co-P/Si3N4镀层的工艺参数对镀层硬度的影响。得出镀液pH值、硫酸钴/(硫酸镍+硫酸钴)物质的量比、氮化硅粉末含量、施镀温度对硬度的影响规律。发现：增大pH值以及镀液中氮化硅含量,保持硫酸钴/(硫酸镍+硫酸钴)物质的量比适中、升高施镀温度可以提高镀层硬度。此外,研究了热处理温度对镀层硬度的影响,发现：硬度随着热处理温度升高而增大,当热处理温度超过400 ℃时,硬度开始下降。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with