绿藻中花生四烯酸的微波萃取及提纯

以富含花生四烯酸(AA)的绿藻为研究对象,利用微波萃取和脲包分离技术对藻类中的AA进行提取与纯化研究.结果表明:乙醇、水和正己烷对AA的提取率都有一定的影响,最终采用混合溶剂作为萃取溶剂.微波功率、辐射时间和溶剂用量3个因素对萃取效果有较大影响.当温度为0℃,脲酯摩尔比(nu:nFA)为10:1,V(乙醇溶液(w=0.35)):V(正己烷)=1:2作溶剂,多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)以甲酯或乙酯型作为脲包客体时,富集效果最为理想,富集后的产物中多不饱和脂肪酸的含量可以达到50%左右.     

微波加热对无水乙醇表面张力的影响

采用毛细管上升法,针对微波作用对极性液体物理性质的影响,比较在微波加热和传统加热下无水乙醇表面张力随温度变化的不同.研究结果表明,在同一温度条件下,微波加热无水乙醇的表面张力高于传统加热无水乙醇的表面张力.微波增强表面张力的现象为微波非热效应提供直接证据,也为超温沸腾现象给出合理的解释.     

微波促进2-羟基-1-萘甲醛的合成

文章以2-萘酚、氯仿为原料,碱性条件下,利用微波促进Reimer-Tiemann反应合成2-羟基-l-萘甲醛,系统的研究了原料配比、反应时间、反应辐射功率对Reimer-Tiemann反应的影响。研究结果表明:利用微波加热,以无水乙醇作溶剂,碱性介质中,2-萘酚和氯仿的物质的量之比为1∶2.3,微波辐射温度设置为70℃~75℃,加热时间18m in,2-羟基-1-萘甲醛的产率可达到56.8%,与传统加热方法相比显著缩短了反应时间,产率有所增加。     

硅烷化溶剂对TiO2/Fe-MCM-41复合光催化剂吸附性能的影响

在不同条件下用KH-550硅烷偶联剂对介孔分子筛Fe—MCM-41表面进行化学修饰后,以Fe—MCM-41分子筛为载体负载TiO2纳米溶胶。实验发现在硅烷化处理时,选择不同极性的溶剂对复合光催化剂的吸附性能有显著影响。利用XRD,固体漫反射UV—Vis吸收光谱,FT—IR,低温N2吸附-脱附等对分子筛进行了表征。结果表明：在不同的溶剂中,Fe—MCM-41分子筛在KH-550化学修饰时硅烷化程度不同。与无水乙醇等极性较强的溶剂所制的样品相比,正己烷为溶剂的TiO2—Fe—MCM-41正己烷样品具有更强的吸附能力,对TiO2纳米粒子具有更好分散能力。     

常压连续微波辐射法合成聚乳酸-聚乙二醇共聚物

常压条件下、连续微波辐射功率90W,辐射时间8min,合成了特性粘度为0.51dL.g-1的聚乳酸-聚乙二醇共聚物(PELA)。考察了聚乙二醇(PEG)浓度、聚合时间对共聚物特性粘度和收率的影响。此外,实验研究了连续微波炉与家用微波炉中反应体系的温升曲线。结果显示,相比于家用微波炉中的间歇微波辐射,连续微波辐射下反应体系温度上升平稳无突跃。     

微波辐射促进苯胺基硫脲的合成

本文介绍了以苯肼和硫氰酸铵为原料在无水乙醇为溶剂的条件下经微波辐射简便、快速地合成苯胺基硫脲的新方法     

微乳液对Ag(Ⅰ)--硫代米氏酮光度分析法的增敏条件优化研究

以吐温/无水乙醇/正己烷/水微乳液为介质,进行Ag(Ⅰ)-硫代米氏酮的光度测定,得到最佳增敏条件.结果表明,与水体系比较,该微乳液体系有较好的增敏和抗干扰作用,测定条件更为简化.     

微乳液对Ag(I)——硫代米氏酮光度分析法的增敏条件优化研究

以吐温 /无水乙醇 /正己烷 /水微乳液为介质 ,进行Ag(I) -硫代米氏酮的光度测定 ,得到最佳增敏条件。结果表明 ,与水体系比较 ,该微乳液体系有较好的增敏和抗干扰作用 ,测定条件更为简化。     

溶剂介质对ZnO晶体极性生长的影响

以Zn(NO3)2·6H2O、NaOH为原料,以水、乙醇、液体石蜡和双氧水为溶剂,在不同条件下水热合成不同结构形貌的ZnO.通过X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对其结构形貌进行表征,讨论ZnO在上述介质中的极性生长特性和生长机制.结果表明,溶剂类型可明显改变晶体+c轴方向的生长速率,从而获得不同的结构形态.在水介质中,晶体极性生长习性明显,+c轴 [0001]方向的生长速率明显大于其它方向,晶体生长为六方长柱状结构;以水和乙醇混合物为溶剂时,沿+c轴方向的生长速率明显减小,晶体呈六方片状;在液体石蜡中晶体沿各个晶向都无择优性,极性生长习性不明显,+c轴 [0001]方向的生长速率近似于其它方向,从而形成六方短柱状结构;双氧水的富氧体系则大大促进了晶体沿+c轴方向的极性生长,促使晶体呈针管状结构.     

N,N-二(2-羟丙基)哌嗪(HPP)溶解性能研究

文章采用溶解平衡法,在273~333K温度范围内,测定了N,N-二(2-羟丙基)哌嗪(HPP)在水、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、正己烷、环己烷、甲苯、苯、乙醇-水混合溶剂中的溶解度。在不同溶剂中,HPP溶解度均随温度升高而增大。相同温度下HPP的溶解度从大到小依次为甲醇、乙醇、正丁醇、水、异丙醇、苯、甲苯、环己烷、正己烷;在乙醇-水体系中的溶解度从大到小依次为33%乙醇、100%乙醇、66%乙醇、50%乙醇、水。分别采用Apelblat方程、理想溶解度方程对溶解度数据进行了关联,并获得相关关联模型的参数。利用Van’t Hoff方程估算了溶解过程的溶解焓和熵,同时测定了HPP在乙醇中的介稳区。结果表明,随着温度和搅拌速率的降低,HPP结晶介稳区的宽度增大。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.