不同种植方式下玉米干物质积累、养分吸收动态特点的研究

采用田间小区试验方法研究了不同种植方式下玉米产量，干物质积累动态和养分吸收动态变化特点。结果表明：不同种植方式下玉米的干物质积累与养分吸收动态可用Logistic方程描述。套种玉米干物质积累最大速率高于单作玉米，养分吸收最大速率低于单作玉米，养分吸收最大速率出现日期比干物质最大积累速率出现日期早。套种玉米干物质积累与养分吸收均滞后于单作玉米，是套种玉米产量降低的主要原因。     

施用硼镁肥对小白菜产量及矿质元素累积的影响

中国南方红壤菜地因气候、成土母质、复种指数高等原因导致土壤有效态硼和镁含量普遍较低,在常规施肥基础上适量添施硼、镁肥在蔬菜生产上具有重要的现实意义。通过田间小区试验,以农户常规化肥施用为对照,研究了施用硼镁肥对小白菜生物产量及氮、磷、钾、硼和镁等矿质营养元素累积的影响规律。结果显示:添施硼肥(硼砂33.75 kg/hm~2)或(和)镁肥(硫酸镁337.5 kg/hm~2),小白菜产量增加20.4%~31.7%,并明显提高菜体对矿质元素的累积量,其中提高氮42.5%~54.8%、磷64.3%~80.5%、钾96.7%~125.6%、硼16.3%~121.4%、镁17.3%~134.1%。在各施肥处理中,同时施用硼肥(硼砂33.75 kg/hm~2)和镁肥(硫酸镁337.5 kg/hm~2)处理对提高蔬菜产量及矿质营养元素吸收量的效果相对最优。     

黑龙江省土壤有效养分系数的测定及应用效果研究

利用有效养分系数计算出土壤供肥量,获得不同土壤类型在测土配方施肥实际运用中的有效养分系数.回归分析显示,其结果达到极显著程度.根据测得的有效养分系数进行复混肥配方的筛选试验,得到三大作物(玉米、大豆、水稻)的专用肥配方.     

宁南山区马铃薯配方肥校正试验分析与总结

通过不同配方肥料对土壤水分利用率、马铃薯产量的影响及经济效益分析和土壤养分的影响,综合分析各项试验数据,充分表明,腐殖酸配方肥、计算机指导施肥处理在提高马铃薯产量、增加经济收益、提高马铃薯对水分利用率和改良土壤结构方面效果较明显,可达到增产和增收的目的.     

不同肥料组合对甘蓝产量品质和养分利用的影响

田间小区试验研究了不同肥料组合处理对甘蓝产量、品质和养分利用的影响.结果表明,无肥和减素施肥的甘蓝产量仅为最佳施肥(OPT)的54.2%~79.2%,以无肥处理最低,减氮处理次之.在OPT基础上增施菜籽粕(M1)和泥炭(M2)显著提高甘蓝产量,并以施用菜籽粕的增产作用最大.OPT及其增施不同肥料处理可使甘蓝商品率提高4~5个百分点.各减素和无肥处理均提高甘蓝硝酸盐含量,各增肥处理则为降低,以+Zn处理的作用最大,其次为+M2处理.各施肥处理中以+B和+M1处理降低甘蓝氨基酸含量的作用最大,以+M1处理降低甘蓝维生素C含量的作用最大,对甘蓝还原糖含量的影响不大.各处理较OPT降低甘蓝全氮(+M2除外)、全磷(-P处理的降低幅度最大)和全钾含量.高产甘蓝叶片N/K大于低产处理,N/P和K/P较为协调.在减素处理中3种养分的利用率均<5%,氮磷钾养分平衡施用和增肥处理的N,P,K养分利用率分别为25.7%~33.3%,9.2%~17.3%和18.7%~29.4%.各处理以OPT的磷和钾素利用率最高,+B处理氮素利用率最高,+M1处理N,P,K养分利用率居中上水平,系较理想的肥料组合处理.     

控释BB肥及控释尿素在夏玉米上的增产效果试验研究

采用控释尿素和普通尿素两种氮素肥料及含控释尿素的BB肥在驻马店市农科所农场进行夏玉米肥效试验研究.试验结果表明:100%控释尿素处理产量最高,为7920kg·hm-2,与同等氮素用量的普通尿素相比增产690kg·hm-2,提高9.5%,增产效果显著;控释尿素用量在70%到100%时,产量随氮肥用量的增加而增加,普通尿素也呈现同样趋势,随尿素用量的增加玉米产量在增加;70%控释尿素处理与100%普通尿素处理之间相比,产量差异不大,没有达到显著性差异.说明施用控释尿素可以比普通尿素用量减少1/3的纯氮用量,夏玉米作物产量并不下降.控释BB肥处理比农民习惯施肥处理产量提高了1.4%.     

施用氮肥与生物炭对菜地净综合温室效应的影响

采用静态暗箱-气相色谱法,研究施用氮肥与生物炭对菜地周年净综合温室效应(net GWP)的影响。结果表明:施用氮肥可以显著增加菜地N2O累积排放量和净综合温室效应,增幅分别为31.2%~116.4%和38.9%~308.5%,对蔬菜产量和CH4累积排放量无显著影响,增加菜地温室气体强度(GHGI)52.1%~293.8%;施用生物炭能够显著减少菜地N2O的累积排放量和净综合温室效应,减幅分别为1.6%~24.4%和89.5%~701.1%,显著增加蔬菜总产量2.4%~34.5%,降低菜地温室气体强度。因此,在菜地施用生物炭既能保证蔬菜产量又能减少温室气体排放,是合适的增产减排措施。     

2009年玉米肥效试验总结

本文通过田间试验,为了解春玉米优化施肥数量,基追肥分配比例,施肥时期和施肥方法,摸清土壤养分校正系数、土壤供肥能力、春玉米养分吸收量和肥料利用率等基本参数,构造春玉米施肥模型,为施肥分区和肥料配方统计提供依据。通过试验,初步了解到了不施有机肥和无机肥效益最低,且高投入高产值未必就是高效益。     

阿魏酸酯酶酶化发酵饲料制备及其对肉鸡养分利用率的影响

为了降低饲料中抗营养因子,提高饲料转化率,研究阿魏酸酯酶酶化发酵饲料的制备及其对肉鸡养分利用率的影响.通过正交实验得到发酵饲料较优配方(质量分数):菌柄干物质为12%,玉米蛋白饲料为26%,棕榈仁粕为11%,谷壳粉为16%,瓜尔豆粕为5%,玉米粉为5%,糖蜜为0.3%,益生剂为0.1%,发酵饲料中粗蛋白为22.48%.相对于基础日粮,酶化发酵饲料对肉鸡的干物质、粗灰分、粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维及酸性洗涤木质素的利用率分别提高5.59%,38.31%,10.36%,16.52%,29.25%,18.99%,且肉鸡对酶化发酵饲料养分利用率比普通发酵饲料高.     

三峡地区平地不同施肥模式对玉米生长和产量的影响

采用不同的N、P肥力配比和肥力水平研究其对玉米生长和产量的影响.在不同的施肥模式下,不同的肥力水平和不施肥比较可知:在N∶P=1∶1时,千粒重都有所增加,且在中肥时达到最大值,而低肥和高肥时都有所下降;在N∶P=0.5∶1时,在低肥时千粒重达到最高值,且随着肥力水平的增加玉米产量逐渐增加.两种不同的施肥模式下,地径、苗高、叶片数增长规律相似,施肥比对照(不施肥)都有明显的增长效果.在中肥及以上水平时三项指标变化不大,两种施肥模式在低肥时差异明显.可以看出:在低的N、P比例下增加肥力水平,产量增加显著,N为限制因子.而高的N、P比时,随着肥力水平的增加,产量先增加后降低,P成为限制因子.从经济上讲两种施肥模式下中肥产量较好.本研究可为三峡地区玉米合理施肥提供理论指导.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with