The acidic glycosaminoglycans in the skin of athyroid rats: the effects ofl-tri-iodothyronine

Resumen Este estudio demuestra que en piel de ratas atiroideas, en comparación con las normales, el ácido hialurónico aumenta un 20% mientras que el dermatán sulfato disminuye un 28%, no encontrándose diferencias significativas en las demás fracciones de glycosaminoglycanos. Este efecto diferencial es similar al ya encontrado por nosotros en cartílago.

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This work was partially supported by the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas de la República argentina.

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Member of the Carrera del Investigador Científico del C.N.I.C.T. de la Argentina.     

Urinary acidic glycosaminoglycans in Werner's syndrome

Summary The composition of urinary acidic glycosaminoglycans (AGAG) in 4 patients with Werner's syndrome was determined by an enzymatic assay system using chondroitinases and hyaluronidase. In Werner's syndrome, the amount of hyaluronic acid and heparan sulfates in the total AGAG increases. A compositional change in the chondroitin sulfate isomers occurs. The change of urinary AGAG in Werner's syndrome appears to reflect age-related changes.The study was supported, in part, by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan, the Life Science of the Institute of Physical and Chemical Research and the Adult Disease Clinic Memorial Foundation, Tokyo. Thanks are due to Dr Y. Yamada and Dr R. Abe for collecting specimens, and Miss R. Abe and Miss R. Yamaguchi for technical assistance.     

The acidic glycosaminoglycans of the synovial fluid in rheumatoid arthritis

Resumen Se estudiaron los glucosaminoglucanos del líquido sinovial de la rodilla de pacientes con artritis reumatoidea clásica. El nivel de glucosaminoglucanos totales desciende en la artritis un 55% comparado con los controles. Esto es debido principalmente a la disminución del ácido hialurónico (59%). Se confirmó la presencia de pequeñas cantidades de controidin-4-sulfato y se detectaron trazas de una sustancia similar al condroitin-6-sulfato.

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Member of the Carrera del Investigador Científico. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de la Repùblica Argentina.

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This work was partially supported by research grants from the CONICET, Republica Argentina.     

Further studies on hepatic acidic glycosaminoglycans in the Hurler syndrome

Summary Acid GAG were isolated from hepatic tissue from 3 patients with Hurler syndrome and 3 normal controls. Gross elevations in the uronic acid and hexosamine contents were found in Hurler livers compared with the normal ones. The total GAG concentration was significantly increased (about 25fold) in Hurler patients.This work was partially supported by research grants from the Conicet, Argentina.     

Further studies on hepatic acidic glycosaminoglycans in the Hurler syndrome.

Acid GAG were isolated from hepatic tissue from 3 patients with Hurler syndrome and 3 normal controls. Gross elevations in the uronic acid and hexosamine contents were found in Hurler livers compared with the normal ones. The total GAG concentration was significantly increased (about 25fold) in Hurler patients.     

The chronic effects of nicotine monomethidide on gastric secretion in pylorus-ligated rats

Résumé L'action de la nicotine monométhyliodine (NMI) sur la sécrétion gastrique basique et sur les concentrations de choline de cervelles, d'acétylcholine et de nicotine et sur l'activité de la transacétylcholinestérase a été étudiée chez des rats. Le NMI, sel quaternaire de nicotine, qui ne traverse pas la barrière hématoencéphalique, a été administré dans de la gélatine à 6% en dosage sous-cutané de 1000 g/ml/kg/jour pendant 14 jours. Le NMI n'a pas changé de paramètres et aucune trace de nicotine n'a été découverte dans les homogénates de cervelles complètes.     

Chronic effects of nicotine on gastric secretion in vagotomized rats

Résumé La sécrétion gastrique a été mesurée dans des rats mâles avec ligature pylorique de deux heures, après 14 jours d'injections sous-cutanées de nicotine ou de NaCl. Les résultats de l'administration de nicotine furent une augmentation du volume du suc gastrique, de la production d'acide et de la production de pepsine. La vagotomie abdominale bilatérale a prévenu la stimulation gastrique secreteuse, provoquée par la nicotine.     

The oxidation-reduction state of pyridine nucleotide in isolated frog gastric mucosa

Zusammenfassung In Magenschleimhaut des Frosches wird das Nicotinamid-adenin-dinucleotid nur im oxydierten Zustand gefunden. Die Absonderung der Säure in der Schleimhaut scheint von der Konzentration des reduzierten Pyridinnucleotids abhängig zu sein.

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This work was supported by a grant from the Smith Kline and French Foundation.     

Effects of gastric secretagogues on tissue glycerol in the isolated amphibian gastric mucosa

Summary Histamine and theophylline, two gastric secretagogues, significantly increased tissue glycerol content by 121 and 66%, respectively, in the isolated toad gastric mucosa. This is new evidence in favor of the hypothesis that gastric segretagogues may act via lipid mobilization.This investigation was supported by Consejo de Desarrollo Científico y humanístico de la Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela.     

Effects of gastric secretagogues on tissue glycerol in the isolated amphibian gastric mucosa

Histamine and theophylline, two gastric secretagogues, significantly increased tissue glycerol content by 121 and 66%, respectively, in the isolated toad gastric mucosa. This is new evidence in favor of the hypothesis that gastric secretagogues may act via lipid mobilization.     

The effect of hog gastrin on gastric secretion in chronic gastric fistula rats

Résumé L'action de la gastrine de porc a été étudiée chez des rats mâles munis de fistules gastriques. La gastrine était injectée par voie s.c. à des doses de 1–2 ml: 1 ml équivalant à l'activité de 10 g de muqueuse de porc. Le volume de suc gastrique, le volume de suc gastrique par 100 g, l'acidité totale et le débit d'acide accusèrent une pointe dans la première h, alors que la concentration en acide atteignit son maximum vers la troisième h. Le débit de la pepsine diminua entre la troisième et la cinquième h et augmenta légèrement entre la cinquième et la sixième h.

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This research was supported in part by grants from the National Science Foundation (No. GB 6105) and from the AMA ERF, to J. H. T. — Dr.Robitscher of Ayerst Laboratories kindly supplied the ICI-50123.     

Gastrin stimulated H+ secretion in amphibian gastric mucosa: Effect of tetrodotoxin

Summary The role of neural mechanisms in gastrin stimulated H⁺ secretion was studied using amphibian gastric fundic mucosa. Spontaneously secreting mucosae were converted to resting state (zero H⁺ secretory rate) using Burimamide. Following removal of burimamide, 3×10^–6 M tetrodotoxin did not block gastrin stimulation of H⁺ secretion indicating that neural mechanisms are not required.This work was supported by U.S. Public Health Service NIH Grant AM17315 and by the Medical Research Service of the Veterans Administration.     

Argyrophilic reaction of histamine-containing epithelial cells in murine gastric mucosa

Zusammenfassung Durch fluoreszenzmikroskopische Untersuchung und nachfolgende Silberfärbung an ein und demselben Schnitt konnte gezeigt werden, dass das System argyrophiler, nicht argentaffiner Zellen in der Magenschleimhaut der Ratte mit demjenigen histaminspeichernder Epithelzellen identisch ist. Die histaminspeichernden Zellen, die argyrophil (aber nicht argentaffin) sind, bilden ein Zellsystem, das von dem der enterochromaffinen, serotoninhaltigen Zellen getrennt ist. Diese enterochromaffinen Epithelzellen sind im Gegensatz zu den histaminhaltigen Zellen sowohl argyrophil als auch argentaffin.     

The effect of nicotine on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats

Summary Nicotine, in concentrations of 5 and 25 g/ml drinking water, given ad libitum for 10 days, dose-dependently increased lesion formation and worsened ethanol-induced ulceration in rat stomachs. Daily fluid intake and b.wt gain were not adversely affected by nicotine pretreatment.The authors are grateful to Mr C.T. Luk for his skilled technical assistance.