具有衬砌的圆形水工隧洞弹塑性应力统一解

针对具有衬砌的圆形水工隧洞,假定衬砌与围岩位移连续,考虑不同工况下主应力顺序、岩石应变软化和中间主应力等综合影响,采用统一强度理论和弹脆塑性软化模型,推导衬砌和围岩弹塑性应力统一解.选取不同的统一强度理论参数,可得到一系列应力场公式及塑性区半径与内压力的关系.通过工程算例分析知,考虑第一主应力的变化是正确的,更符合工程实际,并得出统一强度理论参数、软化特性参数对衬砌和围岩切向应力的影响规律.研究结果表明,统一强度理论参数和软化特性参数对衬砌与围岩塑性区切向应力的影响显著.     

考虑材料软化的洞室围岩弹塑性分析的统一解

基于统一强度理论,考虑岩土材料的软化特性,用弹性塑性软化塑性残余三线性应力应变模型推导出了洞室围岩塑性残余区半径、塑性软化区半径、洞周边位移、围岩内任一点应力及围岩压力的解析计算公式。同时给出了洞室围岩所处应力状态的判别式。得出的解答具有广泛意义。著名的Kastner公式、Airey公式均为本文的特例。通过实例分析了软化及不同强度模型对计算结果的影响。     

采用统一强度理论的锚喷支护围岩弹塑性统一解

基于双剪统一强度理论,结合点锚式锚杆锚喷支护的力学机理,导出双向等地应力情况下无限均匀介质中锚喷支护圆形洞室围岩应力场、位移场及塑性区半径解析解.分析强度理论参数b值对弹性区和塑性区应力、位移的分布特点的影响,以及锚喷支护对塑性区半径影响的变化趋势.结果表明:与Morhr-Coulomb强度理论结果相比,隧道轴向应力和...     

非均匀应力场下隧道围岩弹塑性分析统一解

为深入研究非均匀应力场下隧道围岩的弹塑性分析方法,基于统一强度准则,推导了非均匀应力场下隧道围岩应力及塑性区半径解析解.分析表明:隧道围岩弹塑性交界面上径向应力和切向应力均受中主应力系数b的影响,呈现出随着b值的增大,径向应力减小,切向应力增大的特点;同时隧道围岩塑性区半径随着b值的增大而减小,以b为0时隧道顶板围岩塑性区半径作为参照,b为0.25、0.5、0.75和1时塑性区半径分别减小19.2％、29.8％、36.3％和40.8％.表明在工程实践中若能不同程度地考虑中间主应力的影响具有重要意义.     

基于统一强度理论的小桩注浆压力解析

基于柱形孔扩张弹性理论和统一强度理论,对无砂砼小桩注浆时注浆压力与桩周土体的应力状态进行了分析,得出了考虑中主应力影响下,桩周土体处于弹性极限状态和弹塑性状态时,注浆压力公式以及注浆压力与塑性开展半径的关系式。当桩周土体处于不同应力状态时,对土体的注浆开裂与挤密之间的相关关系,以及中主应力权系数b取不同值时注浆压力p与塑性开展半径rc的关系进行了分析,其结果对无砂砼小桩后处理技术注浆优化设计提供了分析手段和途径。     

热力耦合作用下圆形水工隧洞围岩弹塑性解析解

为研究圆形水工隧洞围岩弹塑性区受力特点,基于Mogi-Coulomb强度准则和弹塑性理论,考虑温度和衬砌结构的影响,推导热力耦合作用下水工隧洞围岩应力、洞壁位移和围岩塑性区半径的解析解。依托新疆某高地温水工隧洞工程进行计算分析,对中间主应力系数、温度、混凝土强度、衬砌厚度和围岩应力分布及塑性区半径间的关系展开参数分析。结果表明：温度变化产生的拉应力会使衬砌结构对围岩支反力减小,围岩塑性区半径和洞壁位移有所增大,隧洞岩体稳定性变差;中间主应力系数b对岩体强度影响较大,b=0.5时围岩塑性区半径明显小于不考虑中间主应力时的塑性区半径;提高混凝土强度和增加衬砌厚度在初始阶段都能明显限制围岩塑性区发展,虽后续效果都不佳,但增大衬砌厚度更能限制围岩塑性区发展。     

基于GZZ准则的圆隧围岩塑性圈三维非线性分析

为了研究三维非线性岩体强度准则下的圆隧塑性圈力学行为,基于考虑扩容影响的塑性中主应力表达式和三维非线性Hoek-Brown强度准则(GZZ准则),推导了理想弹塑性围岩塑性圈的径向应力方程。利用MATLAB编写有限差分程序,对塑性圈三维应力分布、塑性区半径及考虑扩容影响的围岩塑性圈位移进行计算,通过数据对比验证了计算方法的合理性。研究结果表明:基于GZZ准则计算的应力发展速率较快,扩容对其应力分布影响较弱;考虑三维情况的塑性区半径比二维情况的小,围岩可在较浅深度处达到弹性状态;考虑扩容影响的围岩塑性圈位移明显大于不考虑的情况。     

考虑衬砌屈服的深埋水工隧洞应力解析解

采用统一强度理论,根据不同工况下不同的应力状态,正确选择第1主应力,推导考虑衬砌屈服的深埋水工隧洞应力解析解.当选取不同的统一强度理论参数6时,可得到一系列有序的应力场公式、临界压力公式和塑性区半径与内水压力的关系,能适用于更多的材料和结构.通过工程算例,比较本文方法与传统方法的不同,说明考虑第1主应力的变化是正确的,更符合工程实际,并得出统一强度理论参数对衬砌和围岩应力的影响特性,最后根据临界压力给出了公式的适用条件.该结果为水工隧洞的弹塑性应力分析提供理论依据,对工程设计有一定的参考价值.     

轴对称荷载作用下圆形隧道围岩变形解析

根据隧道开挖后围岩中三向应力状态的渐变规律,分析了围岩的变形特性,对隧道围岩进行了合理分区.基于双剪统一强度理论中针对岩土材料提出的双剪三参数准则,推导了轴对称荷载下圆形隧道围岩中塑性区应力场、应变场、支护力和塑性区半径的解析解.经实例分析表明,所选强度理论符合岩体材料自身特殊的强度特性,考虑了中间主应力的影响,分析结果贴近围岩的真实状态.     

内粘聚力软化的圆形硐室围岩弹塑性分析

基于莫尔-库伦准则,考虑岩石材料的软化特性,用内粘聚力随有效塑性应变呈非线性软化的模型推导出硐室围岩塑性软化区半径、硐室位移、围岩内任意一点的应力状态以及围岩压力的解析计算公式.所得的研究成果符合实际情况.以著名的卡斯特奈公式为特例,根据岩石力学性质试验结果和实际工程情况,合理确定软化参数η,可正确地确定围岩压力的大小,从而合理地选择支护结构.通过算例分析了软化与卡斯特奈公式对计算结果的影响.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with