Elemental analyses of autoradiographic grains by X-ray microanalysis

Summary Electron probe X-ray microanalysis has revealed that the autoradiographic grains obtained by high resolution electron microscopic autoradiography contain deposits of lead, silicon and chlorine in addition to silver grains. These results suggest the necessity for the confirmation of the autoradiographic grains by ancillary techniques.Acknowledgment. The authors wish to thank Application Laboratory of Naka works, Hitachi Ltd., Mito, Japan, for the using of the Kevex energy dispersive microanalyzing system.     

Thoughts about high chlorine peaks in X-ray microanalysis.

In X-ray microanalysis of biological tissues, high Cl-peaks are constantly observable. Higher Cl-peaks in the tissue than in the epon environment suggest that most Cl originates from the tissue. Therefore rough regional estimations of the Cl level could be possible.     

X-ray microanalysis in pearls ofMytilus edulis L. (bivalvia)

Summary Metacercariae feeding on the tissues of Mytilus edulis deposit their excretes into the mussel. The clusters of excretes are surrounded by a pearl sac. Increasing amounts of Ca-proteids are transported into the pearl sac epithelium and into the pearl.     

X-ray microanalysis of mast cells in rat's muscle

Summary Mast cells from rat's tongue muscles, fixed with glutaraldehyde only, were examined with an electron microscopic microanalyzer — the EMMA-4. With the preparatory method used, high emissions of a number of elements were obtained in various intracellular spots. The granules of mast cells were found to contain strictly localized high concentrations of sulphur, calcium and zinc.This work was supported by a grant from the MRC. Funds for the purchase and running cost of the instrumentation were provied by the SRC.     

Localization of ions in the mesophyll cells of the succulent halophyteSuaeda monoica forssk. by X-ray microanalysis

Zusammenfassung Die Verteilung von Natrium, Chlorid, Kalium und Phosphor im Zytoplasma und in den Vakuolen der Blattzellen vonSuaeda-monoica-Pflanzen wurde mittels Röntgen-Mikrosonde untersucht. Natrium neigte zur Anreicherung im Zytoplasma, während Chlorid gleichmässig im Zytoplasma und in Vakuolen verteilt war.     

X-ray microanalysis of animal tissues by means of the field emission-scanning electron microscope

Summary With FESEM the X-ray microanalysis of unstained ultrathin sections (600 Å) free of osmium is possible. Deposits in smooth muscle cells of arteriosclerotic aortae show high calcium-peaks already after 80 sec of measurement. No contamination spots were seen after 11 min of measurement on the same point.     

Thoughts about high chlorine peaks in X-ray microanalysis

Summary In X-ray microanalysis of biological tissues, high Cl-peaks are constantly observable. Higher Cl-peaks in the tissue than in the epon environment suggest that most Cl originates from the tissue. Therefore rough regional estimations of the Cl level could be possible.     

Distribution of potassium in rat adrenal zones studied by electron probe X-ray microanalysis

Zusammenfassung An gefriergetrockneten Kryostatschnitten der Rattennebennierenrinde wurden anatomisch drei verschiedene Zonen im Hinblick auf die Kaliumablagerung untersucht und festgestellt, dass sich Kalium vor allem in der tiefen Region der Zona glomerulosa ablagert.     

Ultrastructural autoradiographic study of the intracellular fixation of 3H-acrolein.

The fixation of 3H acrolein in Dunaliella bioculata was followed by means of quantitative autoradiography electron microscopy. A fixation was observed mostly in the nucleus where aldehyde linkage remained stable at least for 48 hours.     

A microanalysis of colloid osmotic pressure

Summary A needle type of colloid osmometer has been devised with special attachments which made it useable with 3-l samples. It has been used in oncometry of fresh water teleosts to give the following results: 5.1±1.0 mm Hg for goldfish, 5.2±0.71 mm Hg for carp, and 14.3±0.75 mm Hg for eel.This study was supported in part by Research Grant 387036 from the Ministry of Education of Japan.invited to National Institute of Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan.     

Growth of follicular cells in aphids. A cytophotometric and autoradiographic study

Riassunto I nuclei delle cellule follicolari degli Afidi mostrano nell'ambito di uno stesso tollicolo variazioni pressochè continue nel contenuto di DNA. Dopo brevi intervalli di tempo dall'iniezione di timidina tritiata, una elevata percentuale di questi nuclei risulta marcata. È stata fatta l'ipotesi che ogni ciclo di poliploidizzazione in questi nuclei si componga di un lungo periodo di sintesi di DNA seguito da uno breve di intersintesi. La lunghezza del periodo sintetico è dovuta presumibilmente all'asincronia nella sintesi di DNA che esiste tra i vari elementi cromatici in uno stesso nucleo.     

Starvation-induced changes in the autoradiographic localisation of valine uptake by rat small intestine

We report here the effects of a 72-h fast on the localisation of Na-dependent [3H]-valine uptake by rat small intestine. Starvation results in the earlier appearance of valine transport during cell migration and an enhanced accumulation of the amino acid at the villus tip.     

Starvation-induced changes in the autoradiographic localisation of valine uptake by rat small intestine

Summary We report here the effects of a 72-h fast on the localisation of Na-dependent [³H]-valine uptake by rat small intestine. Starvation results in the earlier appearance of valine transport during cell migration and an enhanced accumulation of the amino acid at the villus tip.Acknowledgments. We wish to thank MW Smith, PS James and IS King (AFRC Institute of Animal Physiology, Babraham, Cambridge) for facilities and advice regarding autoradiography. Financial support from the British Digestive Foundation and Eli Lilly and Company is appreciated.     

Ultrastructural autoradiographic study of blast cells in the mouse thymus. Interest for radioleukemia research.

Ultrastructural autoradiographic studies of mouse thymic blast cells after H3 Tdr injection show that their fine nuclear structure is related to their position in the cell cycle. The variations in the composition of the subcapsular blast cell population during radiation-induced leukemogenesis indicate kinetic changes in thymic lymphopoiesis, which are probably due to the oncogenic process.     

Test-tube fertilization of ovules inMelandrium album Mill. with pollen grains ofDatura stramonium L.

Zusammenfassung Samenanlagen vonMelandrium album wurden in vitro mit Pollen vonDatura stramonium bestäubt und befruchtet. In seltenen Fällen konnte ein zweikerniger Proembryo beobachtet werden. Das primäre Endosperm unfasste in der Regel 4 Zellen, nach 3–4 Tagen bis zu 25 Zellen.

---

---

I express my thanks to the head of the Department of General Botany, Prof. A.Szweykowska, for the facilities provided during the course of this work and her interest in these investigations.