Oxidative activity during the sexual cycle of the central nervous system,adrenal glands and ovaries in the hamster (Mesocricetus auratus)

Summary The results indicate significant increases of the oxidative metabolism in the oestrus of the ovaries, hypothalamus and the posterior cortex, while in the amygdala this increase occurs in the phase of diestrus.     

Delay in skin allograft rejection in rats grafted with fetal adrenal glands

Resumen Se ha observado en este trabajo que el injerto de suprarrenales de fetos en ratas de 6 días de edad determina aumento del tiempo de supervivencia de aloinjertos de piel realizados al 10° día de vida en relación a los testigos y a ratas injertadas con suprarrenales de adulto. Un efecto similar se observó cuando se administró diariamente a partir del 6° día de vida 16-metil prednisona en dosis altas que producían gran trastorno del crecimiento, evidente disminución de peso del timo y en algunos casos muerte del animal.

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Fellow of the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Centificas y Técnicas (Argentina).     

Response of adrenal and preputial glands of rats to administration of 5-hydroxytryptamine

Zusammenfassung An weiblichen intakten, adrenal- oder ovariektomierten und sowohl adrenal-, als auch ovariektomierten Ratten wurden 2 h nach Injektion von 5-Hydroxytryptamin die Gewichtsveränderungen und der Ascorbinsäuregehalt der Nebennieren und der Präputialdrüsen untersucht. Eine Abnahme des Ascorbinsäuregehaltes der Nebennieren und der Präputialdrüsen wurde festgestellt und eine Gewichtszunahme der Präputialdrüsen selber beobachtet. Die Ergebnisse stimmen mit den bekannten Befunden über eine ACTH-freisetzende Tätigkeit des 5-Hydroxytryptamins überein.     

Differentiation in vitro of chick embryo adrenal glands

Resumen Suprarrenales de embriones de pollo de 6 y 10 días de incubación, fueron cultivadas en medios con y sin el agregado de ACTH. Los cultivos fueron mantenidos por períodos de 6–12 días. Los explantos fueron estudiados con técnicas histoquímicas para lípidos y ésteres de colesterol. Las suprarrenales de embriones de 6 días acumulan lípidos y colesterol solamente cuando son cultivadas en medios con ACTH. Luego de 12 días de cultivo la mayoría de las suprarrenales de los embriones de 10 días pierden su contenido de lípidos si han sido cultivadas en un medio privado de ACTH. El agregado de la hormona previene esa péridida. Se discuten las implicancias fisiológicas de estos hallazgos.     

Compensatory hypertrophy of the leydig cells in hemiorchidectomized adult rats

Summary Hemiorchidectomy in adult rats results in hypertrophy of the Leydig cells in the remaining testis. The other parts of the testis appear to be unaffected. Supported by the Swedish Medical Research Council (project 12X-05935) and the Harald Jeansson and Magn Bergvall Foundations.     

The effect of 2-ethylisothionicotinamide (TH1314) on the ascorbic acid and cholesterol content of the adrenal glands in rats

Zusammenfassung Bei ein- bis fünftägiger Verabreichung von 100 mg 2-Aethylisothionicotinamide (TH₁₃₁₄)/kg peroral kommt es bei Ratten nach 2 h zu einer Absenkung des Ascorbinsäuregehalts in den Nebennieren. Nach 14 h ist der Ascorbinsäuregehalt der Nebennieren wieder normal geworden. Nach 2 h wurden keine bedeutenden Veränderungen im Cholesterolgehalt der Nebennieren bemerkt, dagegen stieg der Cholesterolgehalt nach 14 h. stark an. Bei den absoluten Gewichten wurden keine bedeutenden Unterschiede beobachtet. Die Resultate zeigen, dass TH₁₃₁₄ die adrenocorticale Aktivität steigert.

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Aided by a grant from the Sigrid Jusélius Foundation.     

Preliminary evidence that a dopamine receptor antagonist blocks the prolactin-inhibitory effects of melatonin in anosmic male rats

Summary Previous studies have shown that daily afternoon injections of melatonin in anosmic male rats result in depressed accessory sex organ weights and serum prolactin levels. The present data indicate that the prolactin-inhibitory effect of melatonin may be mediated via the dopaminergic system.This work was supported by NIH Biomedical Research Support Grant No. 3150-80.     

Structural changes of the pineals of blinded rats fed long term

Zusammenfassung Elektronenoptische Untersuchungen der Pinealzellen von Ratten, die 30 Wochen nach beidseitiger, okularer Enukleation gehalten wurden, zeigten eine Vermehrung der dunklen Pinealzellen. Überdies konnten nur wenig intrazelluläre Organellen und Lipidgranula in hellen und dunklen Zellen sowie schwache Elektronendensität der Granula beobachtet werden.

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The authors are grateful to Prof.K. Obara, Department of Biochemistry, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, for his encouragement.     

Resting secretion of dopamine from the adrenal glands of the cat in vivo

Zusammenfassung In Kurzzeitversuchen mit Katzen wurde nach i.v. Injektion von H³-Tyrosin radioaktives Dopamin im venösen Blut der Nebenniere sowie im Organ selbst nachgewiesen.

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This investigation was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

Demonstration of a cytosol protein binding cholesterol in the adrenal glands]

Characterization of a cytosolic protein of adrenal origin that binds cholesterol. Adrenal cytosol contains a thermostable protein which binds cholesterol specifically and non-covalently. The sedimentation coefficient of the complex is close to 3 S. The side chain of the cholesterol molecule is responsible for the binding specificity.     

Autoradiographic localization of3H-angiotensin II in rat adrenal glands

Summary Autoradiographic studies of rat adrenal gland approximately 1 min after intra-aortic injection of³H-angiotensin II show that radioactivity concentrates in the zona glomerulosa. This concentration is reduced by concomitant administration of excess unlabelled angiotensin II.     

Effect of two insecticides, lindane and DDVP (dichlorvos) on mouse adrenal glands]

Poisoning of non-pregnant female mice by sublethal doses of Dichlorvos and gamma-BHC (Lindane) induces prominent adrenal alterations. A significant weight increase of the glands is observed while Norepinephrine and Epinephrine content is depleted after Dichlorvos intoxication.     

Demonstration of specific receptors for angiotensin III in rat adrenal glands]

Distinct and specific binding sites for 3H-angiotensin II (A II) AND 3H-angiotensin III (A III) have been demonstrated in Rat adrenal gland preparations. A III binding sites have the highest affinity (KD29C1-2.10(-10)M) for the 2-8 heptapeptide. This suggests the possibility of a separate and distinct physiological role for the 2-8 heptapeptide, mediated via such A III binding sites.     

Giant granules in adrenaline-secreting chromaffin cells of lizard adrenal glands after metyrapone administration

Summary Secretory granules of extraordinary size, some of them bigger than the cell nucleus, abound in the adrenaline cells of lizard adrenals after metyrapone injections during 7 days. In these granules, the bounding membrane is studded with ribosomes, and the core is formed by rounded small subunits. Some granules of this type are also found in noradrenaline cells. They may represent an exceptionally increased elaboration and storage of adrenaline, induced by metyrapone probably through its action on steroidogenic tissue.This research forms part of project No. 31.26.S1-1154 supported by the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científícas y Tecnológicas.     

Allotransplantation of rat parathyroid glands: Effects of organ culture and transplantation into the adrenal gland

Summary Allotransplantation of fresh, 1 or 2 week cultured parathyroid glands from Wistar rats (AgB²) to Fischer rats (AgB¹) resulted in prompt rejection of the transplant in the muscle site; whereas transplantation into the adrenal site offered slightly prolonged survival, suggesting that the latter is a privileged transplantation site.Acknowledgments. The authors thank Mrs Barbara Lovett for her secretarial assistance.     

Role of adenosine A1 and A2 receptors in the regulation of aldosterone production in rat adrenal glands

Summary To investigate the roles of adenosine A₁ and A₂ receptors in the regulation of aldosterone production, we examined the effects of adenosine and adenosine agonists (N⁶-cyclohexyl adenosine; selective adenosine A₁ receptor agonist and 5-N-ethylcarboxamine adenosine; selective adenosine A₂ receptor agonist) on aldosterone and cyclic AMP production in rat adrenal capsular cells. Neither adenosine nor 5-N-ethylcarboxamine adenosine caused significant effects on basal aldosterone or cyclic AMP production. Also, adenosine (10^–3M) showed no consistent effects on aldosterone and cyclic AMP production induced by ACTH. On the other hand, N⁶-cyclohexyl adenosine exhibited a significant inhibition of basal aldosterone and cyclic AMP production at doses of 10^–4 M and 10^–3 M; furthermore, 10^–3 M N⁶-cyclohexyl adenosine inhibited aldosterone and cyclic AMP production stimulated by ACTH. These results suggest that adenosine A₁ receptors are coupled to and inhibit adenylate cyclase and may be involved in the inhibition of aldosterone production.     

Role of adenosine A1 and A2 receptors in the regulation of aldosterone production in rat adrenal glands

To investigate the roles of adenosine A1 and A2 receptors in the regulation of aldosterone production, we examined the effects of adenosine and adenosine agonists (N6-cyclohexyl adenosine; selective adenosine A1 receptor agonist and 5'-N-ethylcarboxamine adenosine; selective adenosine A2 receptor agonist) on aldosterone and cyclic AMP production in rat adrenal capsular cells. Neither adenosine nor 5'-N-ethylcarboxamine adenosine caused significant effects on basal aldosterone or cyclic AMP production. Also, adenosine (10(-3) M) showed no consistent effects on aldosterone and cyclic AMP production induced by ACTH. On the other hand, N6-cyclohexyl adenosine exhibited a significant inhibition of basal aldosterone and cyclic AMP production at doses of 10(-4) M and 10(-3) M; furthermore, 10(-3) M N6-cyclohexyl adenosine inhibited aldosterone and cyclic AMP production stimulated by ACTH. These results suggest that adenosine A1 receptors are coupled to and inhibit adenylate cyclase and may be involved in the inhibition of aldosterone production.     

Demonstration by a new staining method of different types of cells in adrenal glands

Résumé Au moyen d'un nouveau procédé de coloration proposé par l'A., on peut faire ressortir dans les glandes surrénales de Cobaye et d'autres animaux de laboratoire, differentes catégories de cellules caractérisées par diverses colorations cytoplasmatiques ou nucléaires. On propose une classification provisoire de ces catégories cellulaires.     

Allotransplantation of rat parathyroid glands: effects of organ culture and transplantation into the adrenal gland.

Allotransplantation of fresh, 1 or 2 week cultured parathyroid glands from Wistar rats (AgB2) to Fischer rats (AgB1) resulted in prompt rejection of the transplant in the muscle site; whereas transplantation into the adrenal site offered slightly prolonged survival, suggesting that the latter is a privileged transplantation site.