血管入口区域长度问题

根据入口区域长度的定义，应用解析法研究了一个界定血管入口长度的方法．分析了刚性的及弹性的等截面圆直血管和圆锥形直血管的定常流动、非定常振荡流动等多种流动情况下的入口区域长度     

血液脉动流模拟原理及模拟实验系统

提出了一个实验装置的原理和研制了一个可供血管入口流动问题的实验研究的模拟实验系统．该系统既适用于等圆截面直血管的模拟实验，也适用于圆锥形直血管和其他异型截面直血管的模拟实验．功能较全，为血管入口流动问题的实验研究提供了一套效果良好的装置．     

锥形血管中的血液流动

本文研究了带有锥度的血管的发展流动问题,导得了一组相应的速度分布、压力分布公式。分析表明,锥度角对血管流场是有影响的。当略去锥度角时,本文公式便变为和无锥度角的等圆截面直管的Targ公式相一致。     

基于Fluent的直动式纯水溢流阀内部流场建模与仿真分析

利用Fluent软件对直动式纯水溢流阀内部流场进行了仿真,得到了压力分布、速度矢量分布、紊流动能分布、能量耗散分布图,可以看出阀的进口处压力分布最密、流速大幅增加、紊流动能和能量耗散分布比较密集;分析了结构因素对气蚀腐蚀的影响,阀座及阀芯拐角处负压值低、气蚀严重;分别对阀座拐角处进行倒角、阀芯拐角处进行倒圆,结果表明经过结构优化后的溢流水阀气蚀现象得到明显改善.     

复杂血管内两相流数值模拟

为了更全面的了解复杂血管内部流动状况,采用液固两相流模型和脉动速度入口条件,对分叉弯曲复杂血管内部两相流动进行模拟分析。通过对其压力、速度、流线、壁面剪切应力、红细胞体积浓度分布等流动参数分析,发现在血管弯曲和分叉区域,血液流动复杂,容易产生低速回流区或二次回流,而且剪切应力较低,红细胞体积浓度较高。     

宾汉流体与颗粒间的密相两相湍流研究

参照密相液固两相湍流方程，并考虑到宾汉流体的本构关系，建立了描述汉流体与颗粒间的两相湍流流动的控制方程，编制了计算程序，为数值计算奠定了理论基础，采用IPSAR（Inter Phase Slip Algorithm Revised）算法，对直圆管内的宾汉流体与颗粒间的两相湍流流动进行了数值计算研究。结果表明：在直圆管中，颗粒相的速度分布比较均匀，且其在壁面处高于宾汉流体，随着屈服应力的增加，两相主流速度均减小，同时宾汉流体动能有减小的趋势，而颗粒相体和浓度则呈现出增加的趋势，因此宾汉流体的了应力及对其湍流流动有重要的影响。     

气固两相圆湍射流流动的大涡模拟

针对气固圆湍射流流动采用基于双向耦合的大涡模拟方法进行了模拟,研究了直径为105μm的颗粒的存在对圆湍射流的影响。单相流动的预报结果在射流形态以及时均速度和湍流强度等统计结果方面均与实验结果符合良好。两相流动的时均速度和湍流强度等统计结果与实验结果符合较好,与单相流动的模拟结果相比,105μm的颗粒加入流场后,由于其较快的响应特征起到了阻尼作用,从而降低了气相场的湍流强度。     

二维弹性锥形血管模型的有限元分析及数值模拟

通过运用任意拉格朗日一欧拉方法（ALE方法）,能够对二维下的弹性条件下的锥形血管中的速度场和压力场进行分析．假设血管的锥度角为小锥度角,来获得血液在血管内流动的速度、压力分布,并与无锥度角的血管和刚性条件下的血管内的血液流动情况作比较．结论：血液在血管内的流动的速度分布和压力分布与血管的弹性性质无关,但和锥度角的大小有关系．锥度角越大,那么压力变化的幅值就越大,径向速度变化越显著,却又不会影响径向速度分布的最大值位置．     

微极流体在带有小锥度圆管管道内的流动

讨论了用微极流体表示的血液在带有小锥度的刚性圆细管内的流动问题。在Ｃｏｎｄｉｆｆ和Ｄａｈｌｅｒ边界条件下，导出了轴向速度、径向速度、微转动速度、流量和壁面剪应力的解析式，并作数值计算，分析了管子的锥度和微极参数等对上述有关量的影响。     

血管结构对血管机器人外流场的影响研究

血管结构对血流流动参数产生影响,也会对介入的血管机器人外流场产生影响。将螺旋驱动的血管机器人介入到实际血管的血栓变窄位置的下游、分叉位置的上游、弯曲位置的下游,通过两相流场数值模拟分析,发现不同的血管结构对血管机器人外流场影响不同。血流脉动速度上升时,血栓变窄位置流动会对血管机器人产生阻碍作用;分叉位置上游血流使血管机器人尾流低速区增大;弯曲位置下游血流使血管机器人近前部速度不均匀,尾部有较大区域的低速涡流区,会影响机器人运行;而且均是头部受到红细胞的剪切应力较大。血流脉动速度下降时,血栓变窄位置血流会对血管机器人产生助推作用;分叉位置上游血流会使血管机器人前端区域速度非均匀分布,会对血管机器人运行产生影响;弯曲位置下游血流使血管机器人头部低速区的范围较大,而尾部流速较高:除了分叉位置上游血流红细胞对血管机器人头部产生较大的剪切应力,其他两种结构下血流红细胞对机器人尾部剪切应力较大。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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