颗粒弥散强化复相陶瓷

制备SiC、TiB2 及ZrO2 颗粒弥散强化MoSi2 、Al2 O3基复相陶瓷 ,研究了弥散颗粒及其加入量对材料强韧化效果的影响 ,并探讨了弥散颗粒多重强化协调作用及机理 结果表明 :弥散颗粒的加入量对材料的强韧性有显著影响 ;通过合理的工艺控制 ,不仅在ZrO2 、TiB2 二元颗粒复合弥散强化的Al2 O3基复相陶瓷中 ,而且在单相ZrO2 颗粒弥散强化的MoSi2 基复相陶瓷中 ,弥散颗粒均实现了相变强化与弥散强化双重作用     

颗粒弥散强化复相陶瓷

制备SiC、TiB2及ZrO2颗粒弥散强化MoSi2、Al2O3基复相陶瓷,研究了弥散颗粒及其加入量对材料强韧化效果的影响,并探讨了弥散颗粒多重强化协调作用及机理。结果表明：弥散颗粒的加入量对材料的强韧性有显著影响;通过合理的工艺控制,不仅在ZrO2、TiB2二元颗粒复合弥散强化的Al2O3基复相陶瓷中,而且在单相ZrO2颗粒弥散强化的MoSi2基复相陶瓷中,弥散颗粒均实现了相变强化与弥散强化双重作用。     

氧化物弥散强化钢的强化机理

采用粉末冶金法制备出成分为Fe-12.5Cr-2.5W-0.4Ti-0.02V-0.4Y2O3 (12Cr-ODS,质量分数,％)的铁素体钢.通过电镜观察及力学性能测试等手段研究了12Cr-ODS铁素体钢的组织与性能,并定量计算了不同强化机制对合金屈服强度的贡献.电镜观察发现12Cr-ODS钢为等轴的铁素体组织,平均晶粒尺寸为1.5 μm,不同尺寸氧化物在基体中均匀分布.力学性能测试结果表明12Cr-ODS钢具有优异的室温拉伸性能,屈服强度达到738 MPa.合金主要强化机制为氧化物弥散强化、氧化物弥散强化钢加工强化、热错配位错强化和晶界强化机制,各种强化机制计算得到的理论屈服强度为750 MPa,与实测值吻合较好.     

点焊电极用Cu-Al_2O_3复合材料的研究进展

简单概述了点焊电极材料的性能要求及发展趋势。综述了Al2O3弥散强化铜基复合材料的各种制备工艺及研究进展,对喷雾干燥法制备Al2O3弥散强化铜基复合材料进行了详细的阐述。着重分析了Al2O3弥散强化铜基复合材料发展过程中遇到的问题,并对其今后的研制方向作了进一步的展望。     

烧结温度对高速压制制备弥散强化铜材料导电率的影响

弥散强化铜材料具有高强度和高导电性的特性,孔洞是影响导电率的重要因素.本文采用高速压制成形技术,对Al2 O3质量分数为0.9%的弥散强化铜粉压制成形,研究了压制速度对生坯的影响.当压制速度为9.4 m·s-1时得到密度为8.46 g·cm-3的生坯.研究了烧结温度对烧结所得Al2 O3弥散强化铜试样导电率的影响.当生坯密度相同时,烧结温度越高,所得试样的导电率也越高.断口与金相分析表明：烧结温度为950℃时,烧结不充分,颗粒边界以及孔洞多而明显,孔洞形状不规则;烧结温度为1080℃时,颗粒边界消失,孔洞圆化,韧窝出现,烧结坯的电导率为71.3%IACS.     

高塑高强纳米Al_2O_3 -Cu复合材料

以Cu-Al水雾化合金粉末为原料,通过内氧化方法制备了Al2O3弥散强化铜复合材料,使用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)结合X射线衍射等手段,对复合材料进行了综合研究.结果表明:γ-Al2O3弥散相粒子在基体内均匀分布,尺寸约6nm,间距30～50nm.挤压态棒材的相对导电率为87%IACS,软化温度达850℃.挤压态的25mm弥散强化铜棒材不经过任何中间热处理,直接冷拉拔得到1mm的铜丝,其抗拉强度高达680MPa.     

氧化物弥散强化钢的强化机理

采用粉末冶金法制备出成分为Fe-12.5Cr-2.5W-0.4Ti-0.02V-0.4Y₂O₃（12Cr-ODS,质量分数,%）的铁素体钢.通过电镜观察及力学性能测试等手段研究了12Cr-ODS铁素体钢的组织与性能,并定量计算了不同强化机制对合金屈服强度的贡献.电镜观察发现12Cr-ODS钢为等轴的铁素体组织,平均晶粒尺寸为1.5μm,不同尺寸氧化物在基体中均匀分布.力学性能测试结果表明12Cr-ODS钢具有优异的室温拉伸性能,屈服强度达到738 MPa.合金主要强化机制为氧化物弥散强化、氧化物弥散强化钢加工强化、热错配位错强化和晶界强化机制,各种强化机制计算得到的理论屈服强度为750 MPa,与实测值吻合较好.     

采用原位反应近液相线铸造法制备Al2O3p/Al-Cu基复合材料

采用原位反应近液相线铸造方法制备含有少量原位Al2O3颗粒的Al-Cu基复合材料,利用光学显微镜观察复合材料的铸态组织,并通过透射电镜观察复合材料中的原位Al2O3颗粒的分布与形貌,研究原位颗粒对近液相线铸造Al-Cu合金铸态组织形成机制的影响.结果发现:原位Al2O3颗粒比较均匀地分布于基体合金中,尺寸分布于1μm范围内,形貌呈多边形.随着原位Al2O3颗粒含量的增加,复合材料的铸态组织逐渐被细化和均匀化;当原位Al2O3颗粒的质量分数达到5.3%时,获得均匀细小的蔷薇状组织.     

Al2O3f+Cf/ZL109混杂复合材料的常温拉伸强度及预测模型

采用挤压铸造法制备了Al2O3f+Cf/ZL109短纤维混杂金属基复合材料,并对该混杂复合材料的常温拉伸强度性能进行了实验及理论分析.在综合考虑纤维长度变化规律、两种纤维在拉伸过程中各自的行为和机理,以及热应力诱发位错强化和纤维弥散硬化等因素对复合材料强度影响的基础上,对复合材料强度预测的混合律模型加以发展和修正,建立了Al2O3f+Cf/ZL109短纤维混杂复合材料的常温强度预测模型.利用该模型得到的理论预测值与实验值吻合较好.     

外氧化法制备Al_2O_3/Cu复合材料的组织与性能

在不添加外氧化剂Cu2O的条件下,通过外氧化法生成氧化剂Cu2O,真空条件下进行Al2O3内氧化与烧结、热挤压和冷拉拔制备了Al2O3颗粒弥散强化的铜基复合材料,对其微观组织和硬度、导电率进行了分析测试。结果表明:外氧化法制备的Al2O3/Cu复合材料,随着Al2O3含量的增加,材料的硬度增加,而导电率减小;进行热挤压变形后,Al2O3/Cu复合材料的硬度随变形量的增加而增加,而导电率降低;制备的冷拉拔变形率为24.8%的1.04wt.%Al2O3/Cu复合材料硬度为69.2 HRB,导电率为73.6%IACS。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that