直径为3的图的最小特征值

设Y是一个图集合,若对于Y中的所有图中,图G的最小特征值可以达到最小,则称G是集合Y中最小特征值的极小图。本文刻画了直径为3的n阶连通图最小特征值及其极小图。     

基于关系数据库的图的运算

针对在数据库应用程序中经常遇到的一种查询和实际问题的求解，提出了在关系数据库中对图进行表示和运算的方法。在该方法中，图中各项点信息用字段来存放，图中的边用记录来表示，给出了在该表示方法中对图进行遍历和求解最小生成树的算法。通过对一无向图的遍历及其最小生成树的求解举例，表明该方法表示图易于存储数据，对于解决数据库应用中遇到的复杂问题具有一定的参考价值。     

点面图的基尔霍夫指标

图中任意2个顶点之间的电阻距离定义为将图中的每条边用单位电阻代替后所得到的电网络中这2个节点之间的等效电阻.图的基尔霍夫指标定义为图中所有顶点对之间的电阻距离之和.设G是嵌入在可定向曲面上的具有n个顶点的三角化图,在图G的每个面中插入一个新的顶点并将该点和其所在面的边界上的3个顶点之间连边,所得的图称为图G的点面图,记作K(G).本文给出了图G的点面图K(G)的基尔霍夫指标计算公式.所得结果表明,K(G)的基尔霍夫指标可以由图G的顶点数、面数以及基尔霍夫指标等参数表示.     

两类粘合图的 Wiener与 Harary指数

连通图G的Wiener指数是指图G中所有点对的距离之和,Harary指数是指图G中所有点对的距离的倒数之和。本文主要研究了单圈图与双圈图的粘合图以及双圈图与双圈图的粘合图的Wiener指数的下界和Harary指数的上界的问题,并刻画了对应的极值图。     

可迹图的谱半径条件

本文研究的是简单图,它的邻接矩阵是表示顶点之间相邻关系的矩阵,它的最大特征值被定义为图的谱半径.如果图中有一条包含图中所有顶点的路,则称这条路为哈密尔顿路;如果一个图含有哈密顿路,则称该图是可迹图.设图具有最小度条件,本文主要研究了利用图的补图的谱半径给出图是可迹图的充分条件.     

可迹图的谱半径条件

本文研究的是简单图,它的邻接矩阵是表示顶点之间相邻关系的矩阵,它的最大特征值被定义为图的谱半径。如果图中有一条包含图中所有顶点的路,则称这条路为哈密尔顿路;如果一个图含有哈密顿路,则称该图是可迹图。设图具有最小度条件,本文主要利用图的补图的谱半径给出图是可迹图的充分条件。     

关于Hosoya指标和Merrifield-Simmons指标的k色极图

图的Hosoya指标定义为图中包含空边集在内的对集总数.图的Merrifield-Simmons指标定义为图中包含空点集在内的点独立集总数.考虑点数为n的k色连通图的集合Gn,k,证明了Tur n图Tn(k)是Gn,k中Hosoya指标最大且Merrifield-Simmons指标最小的图,还确定了k=2,3时Gn,k中Hosoya指标最小且Merrifield-Simmons指标最大的图.     

关于具有给定二分类的单圈二部图的极小能量

利用能量的Coulson积分公式,在二部图中引入一种隐涵二部图的能量排序的拟序关系,通过分析这种拟序关系,得到了给定二分类(3,n-3)的n阶单圈二部图类中具有最小能量、第二小能量和第三小能量的图,并且探寻此类图中具有第四小能量的图.     

关于仙人掌图的拉谱拉斯系数

应用图的一些变换,在给定阶、圈数和匹配数以及给定阶和圈数的所有仙人掌图中确定了拉普拉斯系数最小的图,同时确定了给定阶、圈数和匹配数的仙人掌图中Laplcian-like能量最小的图.     

简单图的子图及其性质研究

给出图论中关于子图的定义,并得到子图的一些性质。通过定理阐述子图与其导出子图的同构性、子图与哈密尔顿图的关系,并证明和举例。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the