基于土拱效应的耦合结构围桩间距分析

针对一种新型围桩-土耦合结构,从土拱效应出发,结合普氏及桩的绕流阻力理论进行结构内各相邻围桩桩间距分析,得出围桩间距的计算控制式,同时各围桩之间小土拱的存在,推导出结构的桩土耦合直径计算式,通过耦合直径与桩间距、土体参数、桩数的变化规律。研究表明:在黏性土介质为主的,中小型边坡工程,结构采用五或六边形布置,桩间距采用3~4倍围桩桩径是较为经济合理的,并能够实现最佳耦合效果,为耦合结构的工程应用奠定基础。     

围桩平面布置及其内力分布的数值分析

采用三维有限差分软件FLAC3D分析新型围桩-土耦合式抗滑结构,建立该新型抗滑结构的计算模型.通过分析不同围桩平面布置下的桩-土位移,确定围桩的合理平面布置,即6根围桩,呈正六边形布置(前、后两条边均垂直于滑坡推力方向),围桩中心距s=5d.在此平面布置下,分析并得出抗滑结构中各围桩的内力分布规律,即各围桩弯矩、剪力分布一致,中间和后排围桩受拉,前排围桩受压.     

低桩承台重力式码头地震响应分析

为探究不同刚度低桩承台结构重力式码头地震响应规律,首先利用ABAQUS建立了某重力式码头的精细化有限元模型,其次改变低桩承台结构的桩数、桩径及混凝土强度等级,来获取不同低桩承台的刚度,最后输入三向空间地震动,以此探究低桩承台重力式码头随低桩承台刚度变化的地震响应规律。分析表明:当桩-承台结构刚度改变时,结构整体水平位移随桩径增大而减小、随混凝土强度增大而增大、随桩数增加而增大;结构峰值加速度随桩数增加而增大、随桩径增大而减小;桩侧动土压力远大于码头后动土压力,桩侧动土压力随桩数增加而增大、随桩径增大而增大、随混凝土强度等级提高而减小。     

土-桩-结构线性动力相互作用简化分析

建立了简谐剪切地震波激励下三维土桩结构线性耦合体系简化分析模型,桩和结构均被简化为一简单梁模型;对耦合体系桩承台对基岩运动的放大效应进行了求解,此放大效应反映了耦合体系的动力相互作用.通过算例讨论了结构高度、刚度和质量、土层厚度和刚度以及桩刚度对耦合体系放大效应和固有频率的影响,结果表明:耦合体系的固有频率随结构高度、质量或土厚度的增加而减小,随结构刚度或土刚度的增大而增大.结构高度、刚度和质量以及土层厚度、刚度对耦合体系放大效应的影响无简单规律可循,而桩刚度对其影响不大.在与自由场地表面对基岩运动放大效应的比较中可知,在某些桩基结构的动力分析和设计中耦合体系动力相互作用不应忽略.这为进行土桩结构动力相互作用详细数值分析和试验研究建立了初步认识.     

抗滑桩加固边坡中桩要素设计的三维有限元分析

抗滑桩加固边坡是工程中常用的方法,其中桩位、桩间距、桩径、桩长等桩要素是抗滑桩设计的重要问题,它直接关系到边坡工程的造价与安全．通过典型的边坡实例,利用考虑桩一土相互作用的有限元折减程序,探讨计算模型尺寸、桩要素对边坡安全系数的影响．分析可知,计算模型尺寸对边坡安全系数影响很小,模型尺寸为O．5s时计算效率最高;边坡安全系数随桩位近似呈二次抛物线分布,抗滑桩布置于边坡中部既能获得最大的安全系数又能充分发挥材料的抗滑作用,为最佳桩位布置点．边坡的安全系数随桩间距的增大而减小,随桩径、桩长增大近似呈线性增加,桩间距增大桩间土拱作用逐渐减弱,最后趋近于无桩状态．桩长设计中,桩的锚固深度宜为桩长的1／3—1,2．     

考虑水平摩阻力和大变形的刚性桩网复合地基桩土应力比计算方法

为了研究水平摩阻力对加筋垫层挠度和复合地基桩土应力比的影响,以单桩处理范围内的刚性桩网复合地基为研究对象,考虑加筋垫层的大变形效应和三维尺寸效应,运用大挠度薄板理论对加筋垫层荷载传递特性进行分析,建立其挠度控制微分方程,并结合真实边界条件和桩土相互作用,将荷载传递过程分为假定状态和实际状态,运用伽辽金法和功能原理对其挠度进行分步求解.在此基础之上,利用Winkler地基梁理论对桩土应力比进行计算.采用室内足尺试验对计算方法进行验证,并综合分析土体基床系数、桩间距、桩径和界面摩擦刚度等因素对桩土应力比的影响.研究表明:理论计算结果与试验结果较为吻合,桩土应力比随桩间土基床系数和桩径的增大而减小,随桩间距、界面摩擦刚度和桩体基床系数的增大而增大,成果可为工程实践提供参考.     

瞬态激励下冻融循环对桩-土耦合刚度影响试验

考虑桩-土的相互作用,在冻融循环作用下,土体的力学性质必然发生变化,构件的动力响应特性也会随之发生变化。为研究瞬态激励下冻融循环作用对桩-土耦合刚度的影响,设计和制作混凝土试验桩模拟基桩,通过压电陶瓷的正压电效应,利用压电智能骨料作为传感器测定冻融循环过程中瞬态激励下结构的波动响应,并对比分析两种不同土体含水率下压电信号的特性和能量大小,提供一种基于压电智能骨料的结构动力响应实时监测方法。试验结果表明,在冷冻过程中,瞬态激励下各测点时域波形幅值减小,而融化过程中,各点的时域波形幅值增大,且土体含水率越高,时域波形幅值变化越大;多次冻融循环后,瞬态激励下的桩-土耦合刚度变小。在不同含水率时,离瞬态激励点最近的两块压电陶瓷(piezoelectric ceramics, PZT)的能量指数平均差别分别为30%、25%,在含水率为6%时,平均每一次冻融循环会使桩-土耦合刚度减小约6%,而在含水率为12%时,平均每一次冻融循环会使桩-土耦合刚度减小约10%。12%的含水率相比6%的含水率,其对桩-土耦合刚度的影响大约高68%。     

粉土中刚性长短桩复合地基承载力发挥度参数影响研究

通过有限元分析,研究了相同承台板沉降下短桩桩长、桩径、桩间距、褥垫层厚度变化对长短桩复合地基中桩与土承载力发挥度的影响.研究表明:相同承台板沉降下,增加桩长、桩径、桩间距,减小褥垫层厚度会提升长短桩复合地基承载力.短桩桩长变化对长、短单桩承载力发挥度的影响较小.增加桩径和褥垫层厚度,会提高单桩承载力发挥度.随桩间距增大,长桩单桩承载力发挥度增加,短桩单桩承载力发挥度减小.短桩桩长、桩间距、褥垫层厚度增大,桩间土承载力发挥度增加;增加桩径,桩间土承载力发挥度减小.     

软土地基中壁桩框架码头结构受力分析及稳定性计算方法

针对适用于软土地基的壁桩框架码头结构,对其稳定机理进行分析,并提出设计计算方法.结合壁桩框架结构自身特点,提出非均质土体中截桩力计算方法,并考虑排距对截桩力的影响.在此基础上建立该结构的水平抗滑、抗倾、整体圆弧滑动稳定性及桩基竖向承载力的分析模型和计算方法.通过工程试验对壁桩框架码头结构及其稳定性计算方法的应用可行性进行验证,并研究了排距、桩长、桩径和桩间距等因素对稳定性的影响.结果表明,试验工程的最不利滑动面经过桩身、位于抗剪强度指标较弱的地基土底面,增大排距可有效提高结构的稳定性.所提出的计算方法能够合理地反映壁桩框架码头结构的稳定机理,为该结构的工程应用提供参考依据.     

桩土刚度比对群桩沉降的影响

主要讨论群桩沉降问题,分析了各种参数变化对群桩工作性状的影响,尤其是桩刚度比对群桩沉降的影响.数据分析表明,桩土刚度比k、桩长径比L/D、桩间距S/D、桩数n等因等变化对群桩沉降量、桩身压缩量、轴力分布、荷载分担比等均有显著影响,并得到了一些规律性的认识.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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