Lymphopenia and lymphocyte transformation in alcoholics.

The basis of peripheral blood lymphopenia observed in patients with chronic alcoholism and liver disease was investigated by examining the effect of sera of these patients on in vitro transformation of normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes. A positive correlation was demonstrated between the serum inhibition of phytohaemagglutinin- and pokeweed mitogen-induced transformation and the degree of lymphopenia. Thus serum factors may contribute to the observed lymphopenia by inhibiting lymphocyte production in vivo.     

Demonstration of erythroblastic differentiation after 14 days in blood in vitro during Vaquez's disease without addition of erythropoietin]

Leucocytes of normal individuals and patients with polycythemia vera were isolated from the peripheral blood by Ficoll-Hipaque density gradient centrifugation and cultured in vitro suing the bovine plasma clot culture technique with a minor modification: the addition of fresh normal serum. After 14 days in the presence of sheep erythropo?etin (3U/ml) erythropo?etic bursts containing between 3 and 10 subcolonies were observed in normal and polycythemia vera cultures. Blood leucocytes of patients with polycythemia vera rise to these erythropo?etic bursts without addition of erythropo?etin to the culture. This behavior was never observed in the blood of normal individuals. These results indicate that in polycythemia vera commited erythro?d stem cells of high proliferative capacity closely resembling the murine erythro?d burst forming unit have an abnormal sensitivity to erythropo?etin as well as the immediate precursors of the proerythroblasts. The culture of these cells from the peripheral blood offers some practical advantages.     

Alkaline phosphatase in human lymphocyte subpopulations.

The levels of membrane alkaline phosphatase have been measured on different lymphocyte fractions from human peripheral blood separated on bovine serum albumin discontinuous gradients. The peak in enzyme activity was observed in a non-T-, non-B-cell fraction, rich in "null" lymphocytes; the lowest values were found in the fraction with the highest proportion of T-cells.     

Alkaline phosphatase in human lymphocyte subpopulations

Summary The levels of membrane alkaline phosphatase have been measured on different lymphocyte fractions from human peripheral blood separated on bovine serum albumin discontinuous gradients. The peak in enzyme activity was observed in a non-T-, non-B-cell fraction, rich in null lymphocytes; the lowest values were found in the fraction with the highest proportion of T-cells.     

Serologisch-hämatologische und immunologische Untersuchungen an winterschlafenden Fledermäusen (Myotis myotis S.)

Summary Antibody deficiency in hibernating bats (Myotis myotis S.) was shown by precipitin reaction. The-globulins in serum of hibernating bats decreased to one half of the normal value. There is significant leukopenia, lymphopenia and eosinopenia. Injected bovine albumin was completely removed within 9 days in active animals, in torpid animals only 1/25 was absorbed from the 6th to the 23rd day.     

Effect of electroconvulsive treatment on serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity in man

The activity of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase was measured in the serum before and immediately after electroconvulsive treatments. No significant difference was observed, suggesting that the seizures did not cause an increase in the peripheral sympathetic tone.     

Methionine enkephalin as a possible neuromodulator of regional cerebral blood flow

Summary In swine, cerebral blood flow was documented by a left ventricular injection of radiolabeled 15-micron spheres. Utilizing this procedure, the effect of the putative neurotransmitter methionine-enkephalin on regional cerebral blood flow was systemically evaluated. Our results revealed that a peripheral infusion of methionine enkephalin into miniature swine significantly increased cerebral blood flow in the basal ganglia, cerebellum, pons, inferior parietal cortex, superior parietal cortex and frontal cortex. Non-significant increases were observed in the hippocampus, occipital cortex and medulla oblongata while no effect on blood flow was observed in the pituitary gland. Significance of these results reside in the potential role of methionine enkephalin as a modulator of blood flow to the brain.     

Methionine enkephalin as a possible neuromodulator of regional cerebral blood flow

In swine, cerebral blood flow was documented by a left ventricular injection of radiolabeled 15-micron spheres. Utilizing this procedure, the effect of the putative neurotransmitter methionine-enkephalin on regional cerebral blood flow was systemically evaluated. Our results revealed that a peripheral infusion of methionine enkephalin into miniature swine significantly increased cerebral blood flow in the basal ganglia, cerebellum, pons, inferior parietal cortex and frontal cortex. Non-significant increases were observed in the hippocampus, occipital cortex and medulla oblongata while no effect on blood flow was observed in the pituitary gland. Significance of these results in the potential role of methionine enkephalin as a modulator of blood flow to the brain.     

Seasonal variation in peripheral blood leukocyte subsets and in serum interleukin-6, and soluble interleukin-2 and-6 receptor concentrations in normal volunteers

This study has been carried out in order to investigate seasonal variation in peripheral blood immune cells, such as leukocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, CD3⁺ T, CD4⁺ T, CD8⁺ t, CD25⁺ T, CD20⁺ B, and serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) and sIL-2R levels in normal volunteers. Toward this end, 26 normal volunteers (13 men, 13 women) had monthly blood samplings during one calendar year for peripheral blood count, flow cytometric enumeration of peripheral leukocyte subsets and immunoassays of IL-6, sIL-6R and sIL-2R. It was found that most of the immune variables change rhythmically during the seasons as a group phenomenon. Statistically significant yearly variations with seasonal rhythms, i.e. annual rhythms or harmonics, such as semiannual, tetramensual and trimensual rhythms, were found in the number of leukocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, CD4⁺ T, CD8⁺ T, CD25⁺ T, CD20⁺ B cells, in the CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio, and serum IL-6 and sIL-6R levels. It is concluded that the immune system is characterized by a multifrequency time-structure with significant high-amplitude yearly variations in the number of some peripheral blood leukocyte subsets.     

Effect of electroconvulsive treatment on serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity in man

Summary The activity of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase was measured in the serum before and immediately after electroconvulsive treatments. No significant difference was observed, suggesting that the seizures did not cause an increase in the peripheral sympathetic tone.     

Comparison of protein synthesis profiles in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells and B-lymphocytes from peripheral blood,cord blood and tonsil

2D-gel electrophoresis was used to investigate protein synthesis in leukaemic cells from a series of 15 chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) patients, and in non-malignant B-cell populations from different sources. The protein synthesis profiles of CD5+ B-cells from umbilical cord blood and from tonsil were determined, and the levels of expression of their proteins were observed to be similar to the CLL cells. The CD5-cells from cord blood resembled peripheral blood B-lymphocytes, and the protein synthesis profile of CD5-cells from tonsils was very complex. One protein was also identified which consistently appeared to be synthesised at a low level in CD5+ B-cells from tonsil but which was always more prominant in CLL cells and other non-malignant B-lymphocytes. On the basis of these data it is possible that the closest non-malignant counterpart to CLL is the CD5+ B-lymphocyte from cord blood.     

Cell surface protease activity of human lymphocytes; its inhibition by α 1-antitrypsin

Summary Using isotopically-labelled casein as substrate, a surface-associated protease activity was demonstrated on human peripheral blood and tonsil lymphocytes. It was greater in T-depleted than in T-enriched suspensions. It could be inhibited by 1-antitrypsin purified from human serum.This work was supported by the University Lyon I (Unité de Biologie Humaine).     

Sul meccanismo di azione della vaccinoterapia nella infezione tifoidea

Summary Having observed before that the blood serum of typhoid patients acquires under the stimulus of the vaccine an evident bacteriolytic action on the typhoid bacillus, we have studied variations brought about by the vaccine stimulus in the blood of the patients as to the redox-potential and to the glutathione in the blood.It has been seen that under vaccine stimulus there is a rapid increase of redox-potential and of the glutathione in the blood: lasting in the cases which tend to recovery, temporary in the cases in which the illness takes its natural course.The values of the total glutathione increase more than those of reduced glutathione, so that an increase of the values of the oxidized glutathione is found.The variations of the values of the redox-potential and of the oxidized glutathione brought about by the vaccine reaction in the blood of the patients leads us to consider the mechanism of the action of vaccine therapy in typhoid infection, on the same principle described by us regarding the action of penicillin.     

Inhibition of interleukin-1 beta release from cultured human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by prednisolone

Prednisolone, a water-soluble glucocorticoid hormone, suppressed the secretion of interleukin-1 beta from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in culture. The prednisolone-induced suppression of the monokine release was dose-related and the half maximal response was observed at 0.1 nM.     

连续性血液净化治疗对重症急性胰腺炎患者内皮细胞通透性的影响

目的探讨连续性血液净化治疗对重症急性胰腺炎(severeacutepancreatitis,SAP)患者内皮细胞的作用.方法人脐静脉内皮细胞(HumanUmbilicalVeinEndothelialCells,HUVEC)按实验分组分别用16例健康对照组血清,38例 SAP患者连续性血液净化(ContinuousBloodPurificantion,CBP)治疗前、治疗6h、治疗20h血清体外干预脐静脉内皮细胞5h.transwell小室观察内皮细胞通透性变化,激光共聚焦显微镜观察 F actin应力微丝的表达及分布.结果 SAP患者 CBP治疗前内皮细胞通透性较健康对照组明显增高(P<0.01),CBP治疗6h、治疗20h后通透性均降低(P<0.05),但治疗20h组与治疗6h组相比,差异无显著性(P>0.05).激光共聚焦结果显示,与健康对照组相比,CBP治疗前 SAP患者内皮细胞 F actin应力微丝的数量及密度均明显增加,CBP治疗6h后,F actin应力微丝形成减少,治疗20h后减少更加显著.结论重症急性胰腺炎患者内皮细胞通透性明显增加,CBP治疗可以显著降低 SAP患者内皮细胞通透性,其机制可能与调节 F actin应力微丝形成与分布有关     

重症急性胰腺炎病人外周血单个核细胞线粒体DNA拷贝数的意义

目的探讨重症急性胰腺炎患者外周血单个核细胞线粒体DNA拷贝数与患者病情严重程度、预后的相关性。方法分离研究对象（重症急性胰腺炎患者34名,健康对照组17名）外周血单个核细胞,采用荧光实时定量PCR检测各组PBMC线粒体DNA相对舍量,其与严重程度、预后的相关性。结果重症急性胰腺炎患者线粒体DNA含量较健康对照组明显降低（P〈0．05）。患者单个核细胞线粒体DNA拷贝教与APACHEⅡ评分呈负相关（r=-0．425）其中并发症组mtDNA拷贝数显著低于无并发症组（P〈0．05）。结论重症急性胰腺炎患者外周血单个核细胞中线粒体DNA含量显著下降,与患者APACHEⅡ评分呈负相关,且低水平的线粒体DNA拷贝数提示并发症发生率的升高,因此,线粒体DNA拷贝数可作为潜在评估患者病情危重程度及预后的指标,这一发现值得进一步大型,前瞻性的研究。     

Immunoglobulin synthesis by cord blood lymphocytes.

The IgG, IgA and IgM synthesis by adult peripheral blood and cord blood lymphocytes incubated alone and with pokeweed mitogen was quantitated. The cord blood lymphocytes produced no immunoglobulin even with mitogen stimulation while the adult peripheral blood lymphocytes responded to the mitogen with a significant (p less than 0.04) increase in immunoglobulin production.     

Immunoglobulin synthesis by cord blood lymphocytes

Summary The IgG, IgA and IgM synthesis by adult peripheral blood and cord blood lymphocytes incubated alone and with pokeweed mitogen was quantitated. The cord blood lymphocytes produced no immunoglobulin even with mitogen stimulation while the adult peripheral blood lymphocytes responded to the mitogen with a significant (p<0.04) increase in immunoglobulin production.     

Adenosine deaminase activity in peripheral blood cells from SJL/J mice

Summary Adenosine deaminase (ADA) activities were measured in peripheral blood cells of SJL/J mice, and compared with those of C57BL/6J animals. No association was observed between the levels of lymphocyte or erythrocyte ADA and immunologic abnormalities in SJL/J mice nor was evidence obtained to suggest a relationship between ADA activity and tumorigenesis in this strain.This work was supported in part by a University College Faculty Research Grant.