二能级多粒子任意纠缠态的超空间传送

在二能级单粒子未知量子态的超空间传送方案和有控制者参与的受控二能级单粒子量子态超空间传送方案的基础上,分析了一般情况和受控情况下二能级二粒子量子态的超空间传送,并给出了详细的计算结果.同时简要讨论了这2种情况下任意数目的二能级系统的任意未知量子态的超空间传输问题.     

利用V型三能级原子与相干态腔场的拉曼相互作用来传送三比特的未知原子态

实现量子态的隐形传送,尤其是多比特的量子态的隐形传送在量子信息领域中具有非常重要的作用。本文提出了一种用一个三原子和相干态腔场的纠缠态作为量子信道,隐形传送三比特的未知原子态的方案。     

多比特量子纠缠态的隐形传送

在量子信息处理中,量子比特常常处于叠加态,围绕如何隐形传送多比特量子态提出了一种用N个EPR对隐形传送N比特量子态的传输方案,通过N次联合操作实现N比特量子态的传输.其操作为局域操作并且在目前技术条件下可以很容易实现,与单粒子量子态传输相比, 多比特量子态可以传送更多信息.     

不同类型连续变量量子态离物传送的判据

文章利用量子力学的测量理论 ,分析了不同类型连续变量量子态在离物传送过程中的态演化 ,并推导出输出态的保真度表示式。结果表明对不同类型的输入态 ,其保真度和保真度的非经典边界有不同的形式。和相干态比较 ,当输入态为非经典量子态时 ,为达到同样的保真度必须应用具有高关联度的量子纠缠态光场     

多能级多粒子量子态的传输

提出了一种用多对N能级粒子的完全缠态传输N能级多粒子量子态的传输方案，与二能级量子态传输相比，多能级量子态可以传送更多信息。     

量子测量与时空塌缩

在综述量了Ｚｅｎｏ效应和量子态超空间传送的同时，着重分析了它们与量子力学基本原则以及时空性质之间的关链，强调指出，量子测量将导致空间广延性的流淌性的停滞，而所述的三个奇妙量子现象下是这种时空塌缩的物理表现。     

两个独立量子信道中一对量子纠缠态的隐形传送

从量子纠缠及量子态隐形传送的基本原理出发,简单介绍在一个量子信道中单粒子量子态的隐形传送,进而详细讨论在两个独立量子信道中一对量子纠缠态的隐形传送,寻找其中的规律,为以后热纠缠信道中隐形传送的研究提供理论基础。     

量子测量与时空塌缩

在综述量子Zeno效应和量子态超空间传送(它包括量子Teleportation和Swapping)的同时，着重分析了它们与量子力学基本原则以及时空性质之间的关连．强调指出，量子测量将导致空间广延性的消失和时间流淌性的停滞，而所述的三个奇妙量子现象正是这种时空塌缩的物理表现．     

非最大量子纠缠信道的量子态传送——在腔QED系统中利用非最大三粒子纠缠GHZ态传送未知原子态

讨论在腔QED中如何利用非最大三粒子纠缠GHZ态实现未知单原子态、两原子纠缠态的概率隐形传送.在量子态传送过程中需要引入一个辅助粒子以解决使用非最大纠缠量子信道导致的态畸变问题.本方案在两原子与腔相互作用的整个过程中,由于经典场同时对两原子进行驱动,量子态的演化不依赖于腔场的态,因而不受腔泄漏和热腔场的影响.     

利用V型三能级原子传送N-qubit未知原子态

实现量子态的隐形传送,尤其是多比特的量子态的隐形传送在量子信息领域中具有非常重要的作用.利用全量子理论,对简并V型三能级原子与单模相干态的相反态腔场之间的Raman相互作用进行了详细研究.在此基础上,提出了利用简并V型三能级原子与腔场之间的Raman相互作用来隐形传送N-qubit未知原子态的新方案.     

Demonstration of a quantum teleportation network for continuous variables

Quantum teleportation involves the transportation of an unknown quantum state from one location to another, without physical transfer of the information carrier. Although quantum teleportation is a naturally bipartite process, it can be extended to a multipartite protocol known as a quantum teleportation network. In such a network, entanglement is shared between three or more parties. For the case of three parties (a tripartite network), teleportation of a quantum state can occur between any pair, but only with the assistance of the third party. Multipartite quantum protocols are expected to form fundamental components for larger-scale quantum communication and computation. Here we report the experimental realization of a tripartite quantum teleportation network for quantum states of continuous variables (electromagnetic field modes). We demonstrate teleportation of a coherent state between three different pairs in the network, unambiguously demonstrating its tripartite character.     

Quantum teleportation between light and matter

Quantum teleportation is an important ingredient in distributed quantum networks, and can also serve as an elementary operation in quantum computers. Teleportation was first demonstrated as a transfer of a quantum state of light onto another light beam; later developments used optical relays and demonstrated entanglement swapping for continuous variables. The teleportation of a quantum state between two single material particles (trapped ions) has now also been achieved. Here we demonstrate teleportation between objects of a different nature--light and matter, which respectively represent 'flying' and 'stationary' media. A quantum state encoded in a light pulse is teleported onto a macroscopic object (an atomic ensemble containing 10 caesium atoms). Deterministic teleportation is achieved for sets of coherent states with mean photon number (n) up to a few hundred. The fidelities are 0.58 +/- 0.02 for n = 20 and 0.60 +/- 0.02 for n = 5--higher than any classical state transfer can possibly achieve. Besides being of fundamental interest, teleportation using a macroscopic atomic ensemble is relevant for the practical implementation of a quantum repeater. An important factor for the implementation of quantum networks is the teleportation distance between transmitter and receiver; this is 0.5 metres in the present experiment. As our experiment uses propagating light to achieve the entanglement of light and atoms required for teleportation, the present approach should be scalable to longer distances.     

Stimulated emission of polarization-entangled photons

Entangled photon pairs-discrete light quanta that exhibit non-classical correlations-play a crucial role in quantum information science (for example, in demonstrations of quantum non-locality, quantum teleportation and quantum cryptography). At the macroscopic optical-field level non-classical correlations can also be important, as in the case of squeezed light, entangled light beams and teleportation of continuous quantum variables. Here we use stimulated parametric down-conversion to study entangled states of light that bridge the gap between discrete and macroscopic optical quantum correlations. We demonstrate experimentally the onset of laser-like action for entangled photons, through the creation and amplification of the spin-1/2 and spin-1 singlet states consisting of two and four photons, respectively. This entanglement structure holds great promise in quantum information science where there is a strong demand for entangled states of increasing complexity.     

基于EPR对的量子控制传态和通信

提出了一种利用EPR对作为量子通道的量子控制传态方案,方案中以EPR对作为量子通道包括进了第3方,以便量子通道可以被其控制,量子信息只有在三方都同意的情况下才能实现传输．以这种量子控制传态为基础,还提出了一种量子安全直接通信方案．     

Deterministic quantum teleportation of atomic qubits

Quantum teleportation provides a means to transport quantum information efficiently from one location to another, without the physical transfer of the associated quantum-information carrier. This is achieved by using the non-local correlations of previously distributed, entangled quantum bits (qubits). Teleportation is expected to play an integral role in quantum communication and quantum computation. Previous experimental demonstrations have been implemented with optical systems that used both discrete and continuous variables, and with liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance. Here we report unconditional teleportation of massive particle qubits using atomic (9Be+) ions confined in a segmented ion trap, which aids individual qubit addressing. We achieve an average fidelity of 78 per cent, which exceeds the fidelity of any protocol that does not use entanglement. This demonstration is also important because it incorporates most of the techniques necessary for scalable quantum information processing in an ion-trap system.     

Long-distance teleportation of qubits at telecommunication wavelengths

Matter and energy cannot be teleported (that is, transferred from one place to another without passing through intermediate locations). However, teleportation of quantum states (the ultimate structure of objects) is possible: only the structure is teleported--the matter stays at the source side and must be already present at the final location. Several table-top experiments have used qubits (two-dimensional quantum systems) or continuous variables to demonstrate the principle over short distances. Here we report a long-distance experimental demonstration of probabilistic quantum teleportation. Qubits carried by photons of 1.3 micro m wavelength are teleported onto photons of 1.55 micro m wavelength from one laboratory to another, separated by 55 m but connected by 2 km of standard telecommunications fibre. The first (and, with foreseeable technologies, the only) application of quantum teleportation is in quantum communication, where it could help to extend quantum cryptography to larger distances.     

非经典光场及其在量子信息中的应用

扼要介绍连续变量纠缠态光场产生的实验方法,及其在量子离物传态,量子密集编码,受控密集编码,量子纠缠交换及量子通信网络中的应用.     

借助于推广Bell态实现两体量子态隐形传态

两比特量子隐形传态的实现直接关系到量子计算机的实现,因此提出一个任意两比特量子态的隐形传态方案,发送者能成功地将此量子态几率地传送给接收者.此方案中,16个推广的非最大纠缠Bell态(简称G态)之一充当量子信道.发送者通过实行推广的Bell态测量(G态测量),接收者通过引入一个辅助粒子并实施适当的么正变换和单粒子测量,能将此任意两比特量子态以一定的几率发送给接收者.此种隐形传态方案的成功几率由量子信道系数绝对值的最小值所决定.

Abstract：

Two-qubit quantum teleportation is closely related to quantum computation, so a teleportation protocol in which an arbitrary bipartite quantum state is perfectly teleported probabilistically from sender to receiver is proposed. One of 16 generalized non-maximally entangled Bell states (G states for simplicity) functions as quantum channel. The teleportation can be successfully realized with a certain probability if sender performs generalized Bell state measurements (G measurements) and receiver introduces an auxiliary particle and operates appropriate unitary transformations and single-qubit measurements. The probability of successful teleportation is determined by the smallest one among the coefficients' absolute values of the quantum channel.     

三粒子W纠缠态的概率量子隐形传态

提出一个对未知三粒子W纠缠态的量子隐形传态方案.该方案用一个非最大GHZ纠缠态和一个非最大EPR纠缠态作为量子信道实现对未知经典W纠缠态的概率量子隐形传态和对未知一般W纠缠态受控的概率量子隐形传态.