Synthesis of poly(3,4-propylenedioxythiophene)/MnO2 composites and their applications in the adsorptive removal of methylene blue

The poly(3,4-propylenedioxythiophene)/Mn O_2 composites(PPro DOT/Mn O_2) were prepared successfully by soaking the PPro DOT powders into potassium permanganate(KMn O_4) solution, with the mass ratio of PPro DOT and KMn O_4 from 2:1 to 1:2. The structure and morphology of composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible absorption spectra(UV), X-ray diffraction(XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX) and field emission scanning electron microscope(FE-SEM).Furthermore, PPro DOT/Mn O_2 composites were tested as the adsorbents for removal of methylene blue(MB) from aqueous solution. The results revealed that the composites were successfully synthesized, and the thiophene sulfur was oxidized into sulfoxide by KMn O_4. The highest percentage removal of MB after 30 min was 91% for PPro DOT/Mn O_2(1:2) composite, and the percentage removal of MB was 12 mg g(~-1)after 60 min at initial concentrations of MB dye of 5.6 mg L~(-1)in the case of PPro DOT/Mn O_2(1:2) composite. Besides, the adsorption process of PPro DOT/Mn O_2(1:2) composite was described by pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models.     

Preparation and characterization of poly(vinylidene fluoride) composite membranes blended with nano-crystalline cellulose

Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) composite membranes blended with nano-crystalline cellulose (NCC) for ultrafiltration were prepared by a Loeb-Sourirajan (L-S) phase inversion process.The effects of NC...     

Effect of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone ) on the morph ology and physical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) /sodium montmorill onite nanocompos ite films

Nanocomposites of poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA),poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)(PVP) and sodium montmorillonite(Na~+MMT) were prepared by solution mixing and then cast into films.X-ray diffraction analysis and images of transmission electron microscopy establish the formation of PVA/Na~+MMT intercalated nanocomposite.Exfoliated and highly intercalated PVA/PVP/Na~+MMT nanocomposite formed in the presence of PVP.Inclusion of PVP in PVA/Na~+MMT matrix enhances the hydrogen bonding interactions between PVA and Na~+MMT and thus increases the mechanical properties and thermal stability of PVA/PVP/Na~+MMT nanocomposites compared to PVA/Na~+MMT nanocomposite.The interactions between PVA,PVP and Na~+MMT were established by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The moisture absorption tendency of both the PVA and PVA/PVP films reduced after the incorporation of Na~+MMT at 75%constant relative humidity.Differential scanning calorimetry studies show that the presence of PVP and Na~+MMT both are responsible for reducing the heat of fusion,and crystallinity of PVA.The flow behavior of the PVA,PVA/PVP and its nanocomposite solutions has been also studied.Water vapor permeability of PVA/PVP/Na~+MMT composite films decreased in the presence of nanoclay due to increasing tortuous paths for diffusion.     

Flexible free-standing polyaniline/poly(vinyl alcohol) composite electrode with good capacitance performance and shape memory behavior

The increasing demand for portable and flexible energy storage devices drives the development of flexible electrodes and electrolytes. The aim of this work is to fabricate the flexible free-standing polyaniline/poly(vinyl alcohol)(PANI/PVA) composite electrode with good capacitance performance and shape memory behavior. The electrodes were fabricated by chemical oxidation polymerization of aniline in porous PVA(P-PVA) films. The morphology, electrochemical and mechanical properties of PANI/P-PVA...     

Enhanced flame-retardant performance of poly (lactic acid) (PLA) composite by using intrinsically phosphorus-containing PLA

The intrinsically phosphorous-containing flame-retardant poly(lactic acid)(P-PLA) was synthesized through the chain extension of L-lactide and 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide(DOPO) derivative, then P-PLA was melt blended with neat PLA to produce flame-retardant PLA composite(FR-PLA). The flame-retardant properties of FR-PLAs were investigated by Limiting Oxygen Index(LOI), UL-94, and Cone Calorimeter Tests, the results indicated that the flame-retardant properties of PLA composites were significantly improved with the addition of P-PLA due to its excellent ability to carbonize and dilute combustible gases. The LOI value of FRPLA10 composite(consisting of 90 wt% neat PLA and 10 wt% P-PLA) increased from 20.5 to 27.8 and UL-94 rating reached up to V-1, the peak heat release rate and total heat release of FR-PLA composite were lower than those of neat PLA. The flame-retardant mechanism of FR-PLA depended on both condensed and gaseous phases,which was confirmed by the FTIR, Raman and TG-FTIR. Besides, the tensile strength of FR-PLA10 slightly decreased from 72.4 to 61.8 MPa, which met the requirements of most practical applications. Therefore, the modification method used in this work presented a feasible approach to prepare FR-PLA composite with satisfactory mechanical property.     

聚苯撑乙炔与电子受体共聚物的合成及光伏研究

利用钯催化剂(Pd(PPh3)2Cl2)和相转移催化剂(PTC),采用Heck交叉偶联缩聚反应合成了聚(苯撑乙炔撑-苯并噻二唑)系列交替共聚物(PPE-BT),比较了聚合物的紫外吸收光谱和荧光光谱特征。PPE-BT与给体MEH-PPV构成器件时,其能量转换效率为2.54×10-3,说明电子在PPE-BT和PPE-DCNTB中的迁移率较小。     

丁基橡胶/聚(苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯)互穿聚合物网络的结构与阻尼性能

为提高材料的阻尼性能,采用分步方法,以丁基橡胶(IIR)为聚合物网络Ⅰ,聚(苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯)[P(St-MMA)]为聚合物网络Ⅱ,制备了丁基橡胶/聚(苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯)互穿聚合物网络[IIR/P(St-MMA)IPN].采用红外光谱、动态力学分析等检测手段研究了反应时间、IIR/P(St-MMA)质量比、交联剂用量、丙烯酸丁酯(BMA)的含量等因素对IPN材料阻尼性能的影响.实验结果表明:适量极性单体的加入有利于提高IPN的阻尼性能;添加交联剂和单体BMA可明显提高IPN的阻尼性能.     

In vitro study of poly(ethylene carbonate) as a drug-eluting stent coating

An in vitro feasibility study of the use of poly(ethylene carbonate) (PEC) as a biodegradable coating material for drug-eluting stents is reported, and the performance of PEC is compared with that of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of PEC and PLGA discs after treatment with an alkaline KO2 solution as a superoxide source showed that the PEC maintained its integrity whereas holes and small particles appeared during the treatment of PLGA. Sirolimus and paclitaxel were loaded into PEC and PLGA in order to study drug release performance. Attenuated total reflectance–infrared (ATR– FTIR) spectroscopy of sirolimus, PEC and the sirolimus-loaded PEC coating showed that no chemical reaction occurred between sirolimus and PEC. The results of atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed that the mean roughness (Ra) values of the bare metal stent (BMS) and the drugeluting stent (DES) were 2.3 nm and 1.0 nm, respectively. After balloon expansion experiments, no delamination or destruction of the PEC coating was observed. The drug release profile of sirolimus was different from that of paclitaxel when PEC was employed as the drug carrier, and the release curves of sirolimus were different when PEC and PLGA were used as drug carriers. All the experimental results demonstrated that PEC was one of the best potential stent-coating materials.     

聚富马酸丙二醇酯的合成及表征

研究了聚富马丙二醇酯（PPF）的合成方法，讨论了合成条件（催化剂种类、用量、反应时间）对合成反应的影响，发现最佳反应条件为富马酸与丙二醇物质的量之比为1：1，对甲苯磺酸与富马酸的物质的量之比为2.33：100，在90℃下反应7h。利用FTIR，TGA，GPC等方法对其进行了表征。研究了这种树脂的自由基交联和光固化性能，发现交联时最高放热温度为36℃。     

聚对羟基苯甲酸脂的合成及其应用

用对羟基苯甲酸(HB)和碳酸二苯酯(DPC)以咪唑和钛酸丁酯为催化剂、在三联苯溶剂中一步合成高分子量聚对羟基苯甲酸酯 Poly(p-hydroxybenzoate)((4-Hybe)_n)产率在75～80％、聚酯结晶度达 70％以上。热分解温度≥450℃、经本法合成的(4-Hybe)_n与 PTFE及少量石墨组成复合材料(EPC)制成塑料活塞环在合成氨厂的 Z_(4.7)-8/150 型氮氢压缩机 4级和 5级缸上试验,其寿命为 8 600和 4 300 h。解决小氮肥厂压缩机高压段无油润滑技术问题。     

聚乳酸-聚乙二醇嵌段共聚物及其交联聚氨酯弹性体的性能研究

通过改变聚乙二醇的用量,将丙交酯与聚乙二醇共聚制成嵌预聚体,用二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯扩链后再用三羟甲基丙烷交联,制得系列聚氨酯型新颖性体。通过对其性能研究表明,随着ＰＥＧ含量的增加,共聚物的特性粘度降低,玻璃化转变温度降低,拉伸强度先升后降;聚氨酯弹性体的玻璃化转变温度降低,拉伸强度降低,而降解速度去加快。     

Incorporation of hydroxyapatite in crosslinked gelatin/chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) hybrids utilizing as reinforced composite sponges,and their water absorption ability

The crosslinked gelatin/chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol)/hydroxyapatite(GEL/CTS/PVA/HAp, GCPH) sponges were fabricated by a freeze-drying method to yield the reinforced composite sponges with proper features. The porosity value and pore size of the crosslinked GCPH sponges reached ～80% and 50–100 μm, respectively, which can be an appropriate range to allow cells to migrate into the reinforced composite sponges in the tissue engineering technology. Besides, the proper bonding presence between HAp par...     

~1聚醚共聚酰胺(PEBA)膜的基本渗透汽化行为研究

涂布法制备用于渗透汽化的PEBA膜,用红外光谱分析和元素分析表征了共聚物的化学结构,渗透汽化分离醋酸正丁酯稀水溶液中的醋酸正丁酯,研究了浓度和温度对渗透通量和分离因子的影响,结果表明:渗透通量和分离因子随着浓度的增加而增加,当浓度达到0.6%时,醋酸正丁酯的渗透通量可以达到143.9 (g/m2h), 分离因子可以达到236.9,渗透通量随着温度的升高而增加,分离因子随温度的升高而减小.     

Effect of addition of poly（ethylene glycol） on electrical conductivity of poly（3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene）-poly（styrenesulfonate） hybrid

By mixing various concentrations of poly (ethylene glycol), a series of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styeenesuffonate) composite thin films were prepared.The electrical conductivity of the PEDOT-PSS/PEG thin films was measured by the four-pcobe method. Experimental results showed that the inclusion of poly(ethylene glycol) influenced the electrical conductivity of PEDOT-PSS film significantly. With the increase of PEG concentrations, the electrical conductivity sharply increased to reach a maximum and then slowly decreased down. Furthermore, the PEG molecular weight and environment temperature also played important roles on the electrical conductivity of PEDOT-PSS/PEG thin films. A good linear relationship was found between in σDC and T^-1/2 within the entire temperature range detected.     

聚(3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩)的制备及性能

以十二烷基硫酸钠作为表面活性剂,三氯化铁为氧化剂,水相中氧化聚合3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩(EDOT),并对产物进行了表征。研究了反应温度、氧化剂加入方式及表面活性剂的用量对聚(3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩)(PEDOT)产率和导电性能的影响。结果表明,在50℃下,十二烷基硫酸钠和3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩物质的量比为0.25,氧化剂在2h内逐滴滴入反应液,反应24h下制备出的PEDOT电导率高达100.2S/cm,产率为72.14%。     

聚偏氟乙烯/偏氟乙烯-三氟氯乙烯共聚物的共混相容性及结晶性

将聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)颗粒与偏氟乙烯-三氟氯乙烯共聚物(P(VDF-CTFE))物理共混后采用溶液浇注的方法制备成共混薄膜.通过差示扫描量热仪、X线衍射、傅里叶变换红外光谱和扫描电镜等方法对PVDF/P(VDF-CTFE)共混薄膜的相容性、结晶行为及表面形貌进行分析.研究结果表明:PVDF/P(VDF-CTFE)体系中P(VDF-CTFE)作为一种无规共聚物在与PVDF共混时有一定的相容性,影响着PVDF的结晶-熔融热力学特征;PVDF/P(VDF-CTFE)共混结晶时,P(VDF-CTFE)的存在有利于形成β型晶体;PVDF均匀地分散在P(VDF-CTFE)相中,而且随着PVDF含量的减少,分散点的PVDF球晶数量越少.     

可生物降解的新型阻垢缓蚀剂聚天门冬氨酸

聚天门冬氨酸是新一代可生物降解的绿色阻垢缓蚀剂。本文对聚天门冬氨酸的合成、性能及发展前景进行了较详细的介绍 ,认为 :间接生产工艺已较成熟 ,直接生产工艺有待发展。     

CdTe/聚乳酸纳米杂化材料的制备及其荧光性能

以十二烷基胺(DDA)为表面修饰剂,将巯基水相法合成的CdTe纳米晶转移至有机溶剂三氯甲烷中,然后采用“物理共混法”实现了CdTe/聚乳酸(CdTe/PLA)纳米杂化材料及其透明荧光膜的制备.通过紫外-可见光谱仪(UV -vis)、荧光(PL)、紫外透射反射分析仪等表征方法考察相转移前后CdTe纳米晶的光学性能,并系统研究了CdTe/PLA纳米杂化材料的荧光性能.结果表明:相转移后CdTe纳米晶的粒径未发生明显变化,其量子产率却提高了;所制备的CdTe/PLA纳米杂化材料具有优越的荧光性能,CdTe纳米晶在聚合物中仍然保持良好的分散性和较好的量子尺寸效应.     

聚苯醚与SEBS及SEBS-g-MA共混物的亚微相态和流变性能

采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)研究了聚苯醚(PPO)与苯乙烯-乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚弹性体(SEBS)及其马来酸酐接枝共聚物(SEBS2g2MA)共混物的亚微相态,发现对于PPO/SEBS共混物,SEBS在PPO基体中呈现条形分散相的“海—岛”结构。而在PPO/SEBS-g-MA共混物中,当SEBS-g-MA含量超过10%(质量分数)后,在PPO基体中呈现双连续相的网络结构。这种双连续结构的形成使SEBS2g2MA能够有效地增韧PPO。共混物的流变性能研究显示,PPO/SEBS共混物的表观粘度在所有剪切速率范围内均高于纯PPO,SEBS含量越高,表观粘度也越大;而PPO/SEBS-g-MA则显示完全相反的趋势。出现上述现象的主要原因是两种弹性体中的EB橡胶链段分子量不同和PPO与两种弹性体的相容性差异所决定的。