代可可脂巧克力浆的屈服应力

研究了可可粉与三种代可可脂组成的巧克力浆的流变性，在可可粉体积分数ψ较低时，三种可可悬服体均呈牛顿性，但当ψ≥０．２时，具有明显剪切稀化特征。悬浮体粘度服从一通用流变模型，当ψ超过某一临界值而悬浮体有屈服应力时该模型自动转化为Ｃａｓｓｏｎ方程。屈服应力与颗粒体积分数的关系服从四参数方程，实验求出了全部模型参数。     

堇青石悬浮体的制备

使用堇青石前驱体和堇青石制备悬浮体,通过改变pH值、剪切速率以及滴加不同体积分数的分散剂,对悬浮体的粘度进行比较。结果表明:堇青石悬浮体的等电点在pH≈9,在酸性条件下粘度较小;应该使用阳离子分散剂。在加入相同体积分数的分散剂情况下,堇青石前驱体悬浮体比堇青石悬浮体粘度小,可能是堇青石前驱体中Mg2 的颗粒数量百分比小的缘故。     

泥石流体屈服应力与粘土矿物关系的试验研究

泥石流体的屈服应力是泥石流体抗剪强度的一个重要指标,但目前为止对泥石流体屈服应力和粘土矿物的关系研究还不完善。本文通过简易泥石流排导槽装置,选取蒙脱石、伊利石、绿泥石、高岭土4种常见的粘粒矿物为研究变量,以泥石流体屈服应力为研究目标,依次改变泥石流体中泥沙颗粒体积浓度、粘粒矿物成分及百分含量得出：(1)同等条件下,不同粘土成分对屈服应力的影响不同,蒙脱石影响最强,伊利石次之,绿泥石、高岭土最弱;(2)单一粘土矿物条件下,屈服应力与粘土矿物关系呈正向指数关系;(3)混合粘土矿物条件下,屈服应力与粘粒矿物的关系与单一粘土矿物条件下关系一致,但变化速率比单一粘土矿物小;(4)通过国内外学者资料验证本文泥石流屈服应力与粘土矿物的关系,具有一定的准确性和可用性。     

Al2O3-SiC复相陶瓷凝胶注模成型工艺因素的研究

研究了凝胶注模成型的各种工艺因素对Al2O3-SiC复相陶瓷悬浮体的黏度和固化时间的影响。结果表明：控制溶液的pH值为7～8时，采用2％（wB）的ADS1分散剂，可制备出固相体积分数为60％，黏度为640mPa·s的悬浮体；随成型温度的升高，悬浮体的固化时间逐渐缩短；随着引发剂尤其是催化剂加入量的增加，悬浮体的固化时间明显缩短。     

SiO_2-水纳米流体稳定性及导热性能

采用两步法制备体积分数为0.1%~0.5%的S iO2-水纳米流体,并利用zeta电位、吸光度和粒度分析表征其悬浮稳定性,研究发现超声振动5 h其悬浮稳定性最佳。采用瞬态热线法测量纳米流体的导热系数,结果表明:纳米流体导热系数的变化与纳米颗粒体积分数和温度的变化成正比,其中25℃时体积分数为0.3%的S iO2-水纳米流体相对于水的导热系数提高11.5%,而在50℃时则提高46.5%。建立纳米流体导热系数模型,与其他模型比较发现,本理论模型更接近于实验值。     

SiAlON—SiC材料浆料流变性

以Al、Si、SiO2和SiC为原料制备了SiAlON—SiC材料的浆料，研究了浆料的pH值、ζ电位、固相体积分数、以及分散剂、环境温度等因素对其流变特性的影响。结果表明：当原料浆料的球磨时间在80min左右，pH值为8．5，固相体积分数为54％时，该浆料悬浮体的流变特性最佳。     

甘薯胚性悬浮系的建立及其细胞生长特性研究

徐薯18叶片接种在附加2mg/L,4-D的MS固体培养基上，形成了质地松散的胚性愈伤组织，胚性愈伤组织在附加1mg/L,2,4-D的MS液体培养基中进行悬浮培养，建立了增殖迅速、分散度良好的具有较高体胚分化能力的细胞悬浮系。小型细胞团（直径小于350μm）以2％－4％的接种量转移到无激素MS液体培养基中，可分化出大量体胚。在继代初期，悬浮系pH值呈下降趋势，细胞处于旺盛分裂时期，导致悬浮系鲜质量、干质量、细胞紧实体积（PVC）的显著升值；4d以后，pH值逐渐回升，细胞分裂缓慢而体积增长迅速，导致鲜质量、PVC增加而干质量少有变化；6d以后pH值继续回升而细胞分裂和生长受到明显抑制。     

膏体流变参数影响机制及计算模型

首先对膏体物料特性开展量化表征研究,通过分析膏体细观结构的物质组成,提出了一种全面描述物料特征的综合指标——固体填充率;开展膏体流变实验,基于宾汉模型对流变曲线进行拟合获得相应的屈服应力及塑性黏度,分析了体积分数、质量加权平均粒径、不均匀系数、细颗粒及水泥质量分数等因素对流变参数的影响规律,并从细观结构的角度对其影响机制进行了解释,最终构建了流变参数关于固体填充率的计算模型.研究结果表明:相同条件下,膏体屈服应力及塑性黏度随体积分数增大呈指数增大,随物料不均匀系数增大而减小,随细颗粒含量增大呈先减小再增大的变化趋势.     

酸,碱对钠膨润土悬浮系pH值的影响

通过测试ｐＨ值及电导率的方法,研究钠蒙脱石在ｐＨ＝１￣３的酸、碱体系中形成质量分数为０．１％的悬浮系时,钠蒙脱石－水体系ｐＨ值的变化行为。钠蒙脱石悬浮系呈现缓冲性质,保持ｐＨ值的能力决定于它在中性水溶液中形成的悬浮系的ｐＨ值大小。悬浮系的ｐＨ值稳定约需７ｄ的时间,在老化时间内,呈酸性的悬浮系其ｐＨ值回升,呈碱性的悬浮系,其ｐＨ值回落。     

粘度计法测定α-Al2O3水悬浮体系的最佳分散剂质量分数

用Ubbelohde粘度计在pH=10时,测试了分散剂质量分数对α-Al2O3悬浮体系粘度的作用,并将此法与沉降法做了比较.结果表明,粘度法、沉降法所反映的悬浮体系稳定性随分散剂质量分数的变化规律基本是一致的.由粘度测试法得出,最佳分散剂的质量分数为0.04%,此条件下,α-Al2O3悬浮体系的粘度最低,且其最佳分散剂质量分数不随α-Al2O3悬浮体系的固相体积分数发生变化.在较宽的分散剂质量分数0.04%～0.24%内,均可得到粘度较低、悬浮稳定性较好的低固相体积分数的α-Al2O3悬浮体系.在最佳分散剂质量分数为0.04%、pH=10的条件下,制备了固相含量体积分数为62%的α-Al2O3浓悬浮体,并在剪切速率为49.81s-1时,测得其粘度为0.5Pa·s.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that