沸腾液体的平衡温度的研究

研究恒热流壁面条件下沸腾液体的平衡温度问题，得到了沸腾液体饱和温度与热流率，沸腾液体质量和换热面等因素的关系，理论研究结果与实验结果一致。     

泡状沸腾时的壁面热物性效应

本文运用液体泡状沸腾换热的微层导热汽化机理,对加热壁面的热物性效应进行了理论和实验研究。利用不同物性、不同厚度的涂层,测定了相应的沸腾换热系数,证明了加热面材料热物性综合数(λρc)对泡状沸腾换热具有很大的影响,提出了一个考虑壁面热物性效应的泡状沸腾换热的修正准则关系式。     

沸腾液体扩展蒸汽爆炸初期演化过程的数值模拟

对沸腾液体扩展蒸汽爆炸发生初期,容器顶部突然出现开口,压力快速泄放导致容器内介质过热沸腾的过程进行了模拟研究。选取过热水及饱和水蒸气为容器内介质,分析了该过程中气液两相的变化过程。探讨了初始温度（初始压力）、初始充装量及开口大小等因素对前述物理过程及容器内压力、温度的影响。结果表明：容器内过热沸腾的过程中,温度逐渐下降,压力响应会出现两次压力峰和一个压力平台期,两个压力峰值都会随初始温度的增加而增加,压力平台持续时间随初始温度先增大后减小;第一个压力峰值随初始充装量的增加先增大后减小,第二个压力峰值则随初始充装量的增加而增大,压力平台的持续时间和液体充装量成正比关系;开口越大两个压力峰值也越大,压力平台持续时间越短。     

关于液体沸腾汽化过程的热力学分析

本文对纯液体沸腾汽化过程的热力学问题用吉布斯自由能判据进行了详细的讨论，指出生成一个球形气泡新相时必须克服一个能峰，而且这个能峰随液体过热度的增大而变小，从而合理的解释了液体沸腾汽化的过热现象。     

关于液体沸腾过程的热力学分析

对纯液体沸腾过程的热力学问题用吉布斯自由能判据进行了详细的讨论，指出生成一个球形气泡新相时必须克服一个能峰，而且这个能峰随液体过热度的增大而变小，从一合理地解释了纯液体沸腾的过热现象。     

微肋阵通道沸腾起始点实验研究

以去离子水为工质,在质量流速G=292.8~412.2 kg/(m²·s),入口温度T_in=50.6~81.5 °C,热流密度q"=10.1~87.1 W/cm²的条件下,对圆形、菱形和椭圆形微肋阵通道内沸腾起始点特性进行了实验研究。对微肋阵通道内单相对流传热和两相沸腾传热过程的分析结果表明,壁温和压降曲线的变化趋势均可作为沸腾起始点的判定依据。通过分析各实验参数对沸腾起始点热流密度的影响趋势,发现微肋阵通道内沸腾起始点热流密度随质量流速的增大而增大,但是随着入口温度的增大而减小;在相同工况条件下,圆形、菱形和椭圆形微肋阵通道沸腾起始点热流密度依次减小。     

液氮垂直流动沸腾的双流体模型分析

采用双流体模型计算了液氮在垂直管内的上升流动沸腾过程,考察了壁面热通量和液体流量对流动及传热传质特征的影响.结果表明:垂直上升流动沸腾中重力压降占主导地位;根据截面液体温差的变化可判断沸腾模式的转变;壁面热通量与液相流量的相对大小决定了沸腾过程中的传热传质特征.     

扬汤止沸

汤,是开水。扬汤止沸,意思是:把锅里烧的开水舀起来再倒回去,想叫它不沸腾,比喻办法不对头,不能从根本上解决问题。那么,扬汤为什么可以止沸?这得从沸腾说起。沸腾跟蒸发不同,蒸发可以在除绝对零度外的任何温度条件下发生于液体表面,沸腾是在一定温度条件下同时发生在液体内部和表面的剧烈汽化现象。     

氯化1，3-二丙烯基-2-乙基咪唑离子液体的制备及黏度与电导率的测定

以2-乙基咪唑为原料合成了一种新型结构的室温水溶性离子液体（氯化1,3-二丙烯基-2-乙基咪唑）,并通过核磁共振波谱法及红外吸收光谱法对其结构进行表征,对该离子液体在25℃～55℃的黏度与电导率随温度及溶剂摩尔分数的变化进行了研究．结果表明,在一定条件下黏度随温度的升高及溶剂量的增加而减小;电导率随温度及溶剂摩尔分数的增大而增大．氯化1,3-二丙烯基-2-乙基咪唑离子液体的黏度与温度的拟合关系为η=7.61777-0.20409 t＋0.0017 t2．     

液体空化对沸腾传热影响的实验及机理研究

从液体空化和沸腾机理的角度出发，阐述了两者的关系，揭示了液体空化强化沸腾传热的机理，并成功地解释了声空化对水平圆管沸腾传热的影响，结果表明，空化和沸腾是从两个不同的角度对液体强度施加破坏的，标准状态下的空泡半径维持在微米量级以下，沸腾传热是否受到声空化的强化，取决于声空化是否给传热表面提供了核化汽泡胚胎。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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