Time-optimal interpolation for CNC machining along curved tool pathes with confined chord error

In this paper, two new interpolation algorithms lot CNC machining along curve~l tom pathes are proposed： a time-optimal interpolation algorithm under chord error, feedrate, and tangential acceleration bounds, and a greedy interpolation algorithm under the chord error and tangential jerk bounds. The key idea is to reduce the chord error bound to a centripetal acceleration bound which leads to a velocity limit curve, called the chord error velocity limit curve. Then, the velocity planning is to find the proper velocity curve governed by the acceleration or jerk bounds ＇~under＂ the chord error velocity limit curve. For two types of simple tool pathes, explicit formulas for the velocity curve are given and the methods are implemented in commercial CNC controllers.     

线性预报误差时变方差补偿与语音增强

对常规的语音信号线性预报模型进行了推广 ,将线性预报误差方差考虑为时变的 ,这在一定程度上可对语音信号帧内非平稳特性进行补偿。基于对线性预报残差的短时 (2ms～ 4ms)特性分析 ,给出了线性预报系数及线性预报误差时变方差的迭代估计方法。将此模型应用于基于Kalman滤波的语音增强方法。仿真结果表明 ,这种线性预报误差时变方差补偿可以提高语音增强的信噪比     

反向间隙误差对螺旋转子精铣精度的影响及其仿真

为实现大模数少齿数螺旋转子的高效精加工,研究了数控机床旋转轴反向间隙积累误差对转子精加工法向齿厚的影响。首先建立螺旋面的方程并计算其法向矢量,求得球头铣刀精加工刀位数据;然后推导反向间隙积累误差的估算公式,分别采用空间环形走刀和空间平行走刀对转子加工过程进行仿真,得到走刀循环次数与反向间隙积累误差值之间的关系曲线。仿真结果和数控机床试切结果表明,当转子法向齿厚尺寸较小时,采用空间环形走刀方式效率较高且能保证精度;当法向齿厚处于临界值时,可以采用空间环形走刀,但需对端面型线作出一定角度的旋转以抵消误差积累;当法向齿厚较大时,应该采用空间平行走刀方式规划刀具路径。     

一种改进的UEP喷泉码算法及其在FGS系统中的应用

在网络视频流的传输中,针对可分级视频编码（scalable video coding, SVC）的精细粒度质量可分级(fine grain quality scalable, FGS)方式,提出了一种改进的不等差错保护(unequal error protected, UEP)的喷泉码算法,并将UEP喷泉码与FGS结合,得出了改进UEP喷泉码的FGS系统。其核心思想是对FGS中的基本层与增强层截取不等长度的原始信息,利用喷泉码译码概率对原始信息长度敏感的特性,使得FGS的基本层数据与增强层数据以不等的概率译码。在无反馈信道的情况下,保证了基本层的优先性,提高信道利用率,并且喷泉码可以自适应网络信道环境,接收端可以根据具体的网络环境,以最大概率恢复出当地的原始信息。理论分析和仿真结果表明,采用UEP喷泉码的FGS系统,能够很好地实现基本层与增强层的数据不等保护能力,提高了传统FGS系统的性能。     

Tracking error reduction in CNC machining by reshaping the kinematic trajectory

In this paper, a method of reducing the tracking error in CNC machining is proposed. The structured neural network is used to approximate the discontinuous friction in CNC machining, which has jump points and uncertainties. With the estimated nonlinear friction function, the reshaped trajectory can be computed from the desired one by solving a second order ODE such that when the reshaped trajectory is fed into the CNC controller, the output is the desired trajectory and the tracking error is eliminated in certain sense. The proposed reshape method is also shown to be robust with respect to certain parameters of the dynamic system.     

A control algorithm for rapid movements near the radius compensation singularity in five-axis end milling

When the five-axis CNC system executes the 3D cutter radius compensation function, the angle between two adjacent radius compensation vectors might become very large and the linear axes would move too fast if the tool orientation vector is close to the surface normal. The reason that results in this phenomenon is analyzed based on building the transmission relationship between the cutter contact point and the cutter location point. By taking the square-end tool as an example, an optimization algorithm to control the undesired movements is advanced. For the singular area where sudden change exists, the number of interpolation cycles is determined by the cutter feedrate, the limit speeds of machine axes and the maximum allowable angle between radius compensation vectors of adjacent NC blocks. The radius compensation vector of each interpolation cycle is obtained by a kind of vector rotation method. By maintaining the perpendicularity between the radius compensationvector and the tool orientation vector, the rapid movements of the linear axes are eliminated. A trial-cut experiment is performed to verify the correctness and the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.     

Convergence and stability of the Newton-Like algorithm with estimation error in optimization flow control

The Newton-Like algorithm with price estimation error in optimization flow control in network is analyzed.The estimation error is treated as inexactness of the gradient and the inexact descent direction is analyzed.Based on the optimization theory,a sufficient condition for convergence of this algorithm with bounded price estimation error is obtained.Furthermore,even when this sufficient condition doesn't hold,this algorithm can also converge,provided a modified step size,and an attraction region is obtained.Based on Lasalle's invariance principle applied to a suitable Lyapunov function,the dynamic system described by this algorithm is proved to be global stability if the error is zero.And the Newton-Like algorithm with bounded price estimation error is also globally stable if the error satisfies the sufficient condition for convergence.All trajectories ultimately converge to the equilibrium point.     

相位干涉仪测向系统相位误差研究

介绍了相位干涉仪测向系统相位误差产生的原因,针对因通道不一致性导致的相位误差提出了一种消除方法。着重分析了基线倾角的存在引起的相位误差,经分析得出当倾角不为0时,相位函数不再是一条直线,误差的大小与入射角有关。给出了相位差和基线倾角的对应关系,并在实际系统中证实了基线倾角的存在产生的相位误差对整个测向系统的影响。     

半实物射频仿真的误差联合概率密度函数分析

为了更详尽地描述仿真误差, 对基于三元组的半实物射频仿真的仿真角度误差二维联合概率密度函数(probability density function, PDF)进行了详细研究, 给出了仿真误差的方向性分布。基于重心公式, 在设定馈电幅度相对误差满足高斯分布的基础上, 给出了两个角度方向上的仿真角度误差的联合PDF。结果表明, 三元组对不同方向处的点目标的仿真误差二维联合PDF存在差异; 两个角度方向上的仿真角度误差会存在相关性, 且该相关性会随点目标位置的不同而不同。由于平行于航迹方向与垂直于航迹方向的角度误差对系统的影响不同, 该工作有利于对于半实物射频仿真的等效性进行更精细的评估。     

互耦误差下MIMO雷达低仰角估计方法

针对互耦误差下多输入多输出（multiple input multiple output, MIMO）雷达的低仰角估计的问题,提出一种目标角度估计的自校准算法。首先分析了收发阵列同时存在互耦误差时的多径回波信号模型,然后利用均匀线阵互耦矩阵的特点对互耦误差下的阵列导向矢量进行变换,最后基于子空间原理推导出目标角度的搜索函数,同时给出多径衰减系数和收发阵列互耦矩阵的计算表达式。推导了各参数的任意无偏估计的Cramer-Rao界（Cramer-Rao bound, CRB）。算法在未知互耦矩阵和存在相干多径信号的情况下可直接进行参数估计,不需要辅助校准源和迭代处理。仿真结果分析了算法估计性能与信噪比、快拍数的关系并与CRB进行了比较。     

超低空突防中地形跟随雷达几何误差仿真研究

本文建立了地形跟随雷达仿真模型，并依据该模型研究和计算超低空突防中地形跟随雷达的几何误差，仿真结果证明了本文所建立模型的正确性。     

Intelligent control over chaos in the rolling process and its comparison with tracking control

Some existing methods for chaos control in engineering fields are analyzed and their drawbacks are pointed out. A tracking method can solve these problems to some extent, but it still depends on the mathematical model of the system to be controlled. An intelligent method based on fuzzy neural network (FNN) is used to control chaos in engineering fields. The FNN is employed to learn the inherent dynamics from the input and output of chaos, which can be used in the inverse system method, so that the method is free of the exact mathematical model of the system to be controlled. This intelligent method is compared with tracking method in the presence of measurement noise and model error. Simulation results show its superiority and feasibility.     

灰色相似性栽培理论在安麦1号良种良法配套中的应用

将灰色相似性栽培原理与方法应用于安麦1号良种良法配套的研究。结果表明,采用与大面积推广品种豫麦21相似的栽培措施,安麦1号便可基本上实现良种与良法的配套。2000～2001年度两年的生产示范试验证明,这个结论是正确的。再次用事实验证了灰色相似性栽培理论的有效性和可行性。表3,参8。