金黄色葡萄球菌低分子质量双特异性磷酸酶sLMWDSP的表达、纯化及性质

双特异性磷酸酶是酪氨酸磷酸酶家族中的一员,它参与生物体内信号转导、生长调控、新陈代谢等许多基本的生理活动.金黄色葡萄球菌的低分子质量双特异性磷酸酶sLMWDSP(low molecular weight dual-specificityphosphatase,Staphylococcus aureus)基因从金黄色葡萄球菌cDNA库中克隆,并在大肠杆菌中表达.高纯度的sLMWDSP用亲和层析的方法纯化得到.酶学性质研究表明:sLMWDSP催化对硝基苯磷酸(-pnitrophenyl phos-phate,pNPP)水解反应的最适pH值为6.7,最适温度为35℃,且该酶的活性不依赖于金属离子.磷酸酶通用抑制剂岗田酸(Okadaic acid)、EDTA对sLMWDSP几乎没有抑制作用,但钒酸钠能明显地抑制该酶的活性.sLMWDSP对pSer/Thr以及pTyr的寡肽均有去磷酸化作用,这说明sLMWDSP是一个新的双特异性磷酸酶.     

蛋白磷酸酶2C(PP2C)的表达、纯化与催化活性

从小鼠肌肉组织中提取了总RNA,经RT-PCR,扩增出蛋白磷酸酶2C(PP2C)基因,并构建了pUCm-T载体.经核酸序列分析证明PP2C基因序列正确后,将pUCm-T中的PP2C基因插入pET28a载体中,构建了表达载体pET28a-PP2C,并转化到E.coli BL21(DE3)进行表达.经测定,该菌株表达目的蛋白PP2C的最适条件为:诱导物IPTG的终浓度为0.8 mmol/L,37 ℃,诱导时间为20 h.在此条件下,PP2C实现了高效表达,表达的PP2C蛋白约占菌体总蛋白的18.2%,其中在裂解上清液、沉淀中分别占总蛋白的7.1%和11.1%.经SDS-PAGE分析,表达产物分子量约为42 000.应用Ni-NTA柱实现了可溶性PP2C的纯化,收率达80.5%,纯化的PP2C比活力达34.5 U/mg.     

蛋白磷酸酶2C（PP2C）的表达、 纯化与催化活性

从小鼠肌肉组织中提取了总RNA, 经RT PCR, 扩增出蛋白磷酸酶2C（PP2C）基因, 并构建了pUCm T载体. 经核酸序列分析证明PP2C基因序列正确后, 将pUCm T中的PP2C基因插入pET28a载体中, 构建了表达载体pET28a PP2C, 并转化到E.coli BL21(DE3)进行表达. 经测定, 该菌株表达目的蛋白PP2C的最适条件为： 诱导物IPTG的终浓度为0.8 mmol/L, 37 ℃, 诱导时间为20 h. 在此条件下, PP2C实现了高 效表达, 表达的PP2C蛋白约占菌体总蛋白的18.2%, 其中在裂解上清液、 沉淀中分别占总蛋白的7.1%和11.1%. 经SDS PAGE分析, 表达产物分子量约为42 000. 应用Ni NTA柱实现了可溶性PP2C的纯化, 收率达805%, 纯化的PP2C比活力达34.5 U/mg.     

苦荞蛋白磷酸酶2C家族的鉴定及表达分析

为了研究苦荞蛋白磷酸酶2C(PP2C)家族的成员和分类,及后续探究其在苦荞生长发育中的功能,本文利用生物信息学方法对苦荞PP2C家族进行鉴定、分类,并对其基因结构、保守基序、分子进化等进行分析.结果表明,苦荞PP2C家族有81个成员,划分为A-K的11个亚族,并且在同亚族中序列特征相似,而不同亚族间序列特征有一定差异;苦荞PP2C家族有14次基因重复事件.此外,qRT-PCR分析结果表明其A亚族基因在苦荞根、茎、叶、花、果中均有表达,除FtPP2C44外的8个基因在苦荞花、果中表达量较高;在苦荞幼苗中,除FtPP2C08外的8个基因均受ABA诱导表达量上调.上述结果揭示了苦荞PP2C家族的成员组成、序列特征、扩增和其A亚族基因的组织表达模式及受ABA诱导表达情况.     

金属离子对异柠檬酸脱氢酶激酶/磷酸酶(AceK)活性的影响

AceK是具有激酶与磷酸酶活性的双功能酶。本文研究了金属离子Mg~(2+)、Fe~(2+)、Ni~(2+)、Zn~(2+)对AceK激酶活性及磷酸酶活性的影响。实验表明Mg~(2+)是AceK激酶与磷酸酶激活剂,对激酶最佳激活浓度为2mmol·L~(-1),磷酸酶为5mmol·L~(-1)。但Fe~(2+)、Ni~(2+)、Zn~(2+)单独存在时,对AceK激酶、磷酸酶活性均没有明显作用,反而能较强地抑制Mg~(2+)激活的AceK酶活性,对激酶抑制作用由强到弱为Zn~(2+)、Ni~(2+)、Fe~(2+),对磷酸酶抑制作用由强到弱为Ni~(2+)、Fe~(2+)、Zn~(2+)。研究内容和结果为进一步研究AceK催化机制和结构功能打下了一定的基础。     

水稻C2H2型锌指蛋白OsZAT12转化拟南芥功能的初步研究

摘要:植物C2H2型锌指蛋白是植物转录调节因子中的大家族,通过转录调控、翻译后调节和蛋白质间的相互作用在植物发育和环境胁迫中发挥关键作用. 本研究在水稻基因组中克隆到一个C2H2型锌指蛋白,命名为OsZAT12. 生物信息学分析显示OsZAT12全长597bp,其中不包含内含子,其蛋白质序列含有199个氨基酸,具有两个典型的C2H2锌指结构. OsZAT12蛋白定位于细胞核,在根中特异性表达.过表达拟南芥植株与野生型比较,其根变短,子叶的变绿率明显降低,植株矮小.初步推断OsZAT12可能影响植物生长发育尤其是根的伸长.     

表达EGFR与HER2双特异性抗体融合蛋白腺病毒载体的构建及表达

目的：构建携带Cetuximab全长抗体与Herstatin C末端79个氨基酸（Herin）融合蛋白的腺病毒,探讨其在体外表达情况,及其与EGFR和HER2的结合能力。方法：通过合拉PCR,将抗体cetuximab基因与编码Herstatin C末端79个氨基酸（Herin）的序列融合,构建携带西妥昔单抗全长基因与Herin融合基因的腺病毒穿梭载体pDC339-AT2-Herin,并在293细胞内包装成重组病毒Ad5-AT2-Herin。通过酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测Ad5-AT2-Herin表达全长抗体融合蛋白的体外表达量;应用Western印迹法检测所表达全长抗体轻重链的完整性及均衡性;应用间接免疫荧光法（IFA）检测所表达的融合蛋白与EGFR( )Her2(-)的A431细胞,以及EGFR(-)Her2( )的SK-OV-3细胞膜结合的特异性。结果：ELISA检测分析表明,Ad5-AT2-Herin在293细胞中的表达量为209.3 ng/ml-317.3 ng/ml;Western blot显示轻重链表达平衡,大小符合预期;间接免疫荧光(IFA)显示腺病毒表达的融合蛋白与A431细胞表面受体EGFR及SK-OV-3细胞表面受体Her2均能特异性结合。 结论：成功构建携带EGFR和HER2双特异性抗体基因的腺病毒载体Ad5-AT2-Herin,该载体在体外能高效表达双特异性抗体蛋白AT2-HERIN,而且AT2-HERIN蛋白能在体外与EGFR和HER2特异结合。     

具有磷酸酶活性的重组PTEN蛋白可抑制癌细胞的迁移

PTEN是迄今为止发现的第一个具有双特异性磷酸酶活性的抑癌因子,可通过对粘着斑激酶的去磷酸化抑制细胞迁移.在前期研究工作中证实了在大肠杆菌中表达的重组PTEN 蛋白具有抑癌活性后,本研究进一步检测重组PTEN 蛋白的磷酸酶活性及其对粘着斑激酶FAK 磷酸化程度和细胞迁移的影响.对[D3-32P]PIP3体外去磷酸化的实验表明重组PTEN蛋白具有明显的脂质磷酸酶活性;将重组PTEN蛋白转染DU-145细胞后,细胞中FAK的磷酸化水平明显下降,表明重组PTEN蛋白具有蛋白磷酸酶活性.细胞迁移实验结果表明转染的重组PTEN蛋白可以抑制DU-145细胞的迁移作用,从而起到抑制肿瘤转移或浸润的作用.     

邻单胞菌邻苯二酚1,2-双加氧酶基因(tfdC)在拟南芥中表达的初步研究

将从一株邻单胞菌中克隆到的一个新的邻苯二酚1，2－双加氧酶基因（tfd C)的起始密码子由GTG突变成ATG，并克隆到农杆菌双元载体pPZPY122中，利用农杆菌介导转化模式植物拟南芥，获得了转化植株，经过PCR，PCR－Southern和Southern dot blot方法检测证实，ftd C基因已经整合到拟南芥基因组中，邻苯二酚1，2－双加氧酶酶活性检测表明，转基因植株具有一定的酶活性，而未转化的植株则不具有酶活性。     

钙调神经磷酸酶

钙调神经磷酸酶是一种依赖Ca^2 －CaM的磷蛋白磷酸酶。主要存在于脑组织神经元中，由催化亚基A和调节亚基B1：1组成。钙调神经磷酸酶是一个侈底物的磷蛋白磷酸酶。它的活性还受到Ni^2 和Mn^2 等金属离子的调节。     

A Tyr/Ser protein phosphatase encoded by vaccinia virus.

Protein tyrosine phosphorylation is associated with alterations in receptor activity, cellular proliferation and modulation of the cell cycle. Inappropriate tyrosine phosphorylation can lead to unrestrained cell growth and oncogenesis. Enzymes important in tyrosine dephosphorylation have also been described. Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPases) consist of two families. There is a receptor-like family of PTPases with an extracellular domain, transmembrane-spanning region and typically two repeated phosphatase domains. Proteins of the non-receptor-like family have a single catalytic phosphatase domain, show a substrate specificity for Tyr phosphate and will not hydrolyse Ser or Thr phosphate. Here we report that the vaccinia virus genome contains an open reading frame which shares amino-acid sequence identity with the PTPases. The purified protein encoded by the vaccinia virus H1 open reading frame expressed in bacteria hydrolyses substrates containing phosphotyrosine and phosphoserine. Mutagenesis of an essential Cys in the vaccinia phosphatase abolishes catalytic activity directed towards both substrates, suggesting that hydrolysis proceeds by a common mechanism. Understanding the function of the H1-encoded protein will help to define the role of the phosphatase in viral replication and pathogenesis.     

Synthesis of dihalogenated coumarin derivatives for monitoring acid phosphatase activity

Aim To synthetize 6-chloro-8-fluoro-4-methylumbelliferone phosphate (CF-MUP) and utilize it to analyze acid phosphatase activity.Method CF-MUP obtained by phosphorylation of CFMU(6-chloro-8-fluoro-4-me...     

Structural basis of protein phosphatase 1 regulation

The coordinated and reciprocal action of serine/threonine (Ser/Thr) protein kinases and phosphatases produces transient phosphorylation, a fundamental regulatory mechanism for many biological processes. The human genome encodes a far greater number of Ser/Thr protein kinases than of phosphatases. Protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), in particular, is ubiquitously distributed and regulates a broad range of cellular functions, including glycogen metabolism, cell-cycle progression and muscle relaxation. PP1 has evolved effective catalytic machinery but lacks substrate specificity. Substrate specificity is conferred upon PP1 through interactions with a large number of regulatory subunits. The regulatory subunits are generally unrelated, but most possess the RVxF motif, a canonical PP1-binding sequence. Here we reveal the crystal structure at 2.7 A resolution of the complex between PP1 and a 34-kDa N-terminal domain of the myosin phosphatase targeting subunit MYPT1. MYPT1 is the protein that regulates PP1 function in smooth muscle relaxation. Structural elements amino- and carboxy-terminal to the RVxF motif of MYPT1 are positioned in a way that leads to a pronounced reshaping of the catalytic cleft of PP1, contributing to the increased myosin specificity of this complex. The structure has general implications for the control of PP1 activity by other regulatory subunits.     

金黄色葡萄球菌isdB基因克隆、表达及其抗原性鉴定

为了构建含牛源金黄色葡萄球菌isdB基因的原核表达载体,并确定其在大肠杆菌表达系统中的表达效果,应用PCR方法扩增出osdB基因片段与原核表达载体pQE-30,构建了重组原核表达载体pQE-30-isdB,将该重组载体转化至E.coli XL1-Blue中诱导表达蛋白.经SDS-PAGE和Westem blot鉴定,P...     

Activities and properties of calcineurin catalytic domain

Calcineurin (CN) is the only protein phosphatase known to be under the control of calcium (Ca²⁺) and calmodulin (CaM). The enzyme consists of two subunits, the catalytic A subunit of 61 ku (CNA) and a regulatory B subunit of 19 ku (CNB). In this study, we used PCR amplication to construct a truncation consisting of only the CNA catalytic domain. The truncation was induced by IPTG and expressed inE. coli. PNPP was used as a substrate to study the phosphatase activity of the CNA catalytic domain. The findings show that its activity is 20 times greater than CNA in the presence of CNB and CaM. The optimum reaction temperature for the CNA catalytic domain protein is 40°C, and the optimum reaction pH value is 8.0. Mn²⁺ is still an effective activator for the CNA catalytic domain, but its activity is not controlled by Ca²⁺. In the presence of 6 mmol/L Mg²⁺, adding either Ca²⁺ or EGTA did not change the activity of the CNA catalytic domain.     

Serine/threonine protein phosphatases in DNA damage response

DNA damage response (DDR) is among the most important of the mechanisms that maintain genome stability which, when destabilized, predisposes organs to cancer. Reversible phosphorylation mediated by protein kinases and protein phosphatases regulates most, if not all, cellular activities, including DDR. Protein kinase inhibitors have become the main focus of targeted therapy and anticancer drug development. However, our limited knowledge of protein phosphatase function is compromising our capacity to develop therapeutic agents against phosphatases. In this review, we summarize the roles of serine/threonine protein phosphatases involved in DDR and propose that in situ dephosphorylation of phosphoproteins by protein phosphatases, instead of proteasome-mediated degradation of phosphoproteins, is mainly employed by cells.     

Protein tyrosine phosphatase is possibly involved in cellular signal transduction and the regulation of ABA accumulation in response to water deficit in Maize L.coleoptile

Water deficit-induced ABA accumulation is an ideal model or “stimulus-response”system to investigate cellular stress signaling in plant cels,using such a model the cellular stress signaling triggered by water deficit was investigated in Maize L.coleoptile.Water deficit-induced ABA accumulation was sensitively blocked by NaVO3,a potent inhibitor both to plasma membrane H^ -ATPase(PM-H^ -ATPase)and protein tyrosine phosphatase(PTPase).However,while PM-H^ -ATPase activity was unaffected under water deficit and PM-H^ -ATPase activator did not induce an ABA accumulation instead of water deficit,water deficit induced an increase in the protein phosphatase activity,and furthermore,ABA accumulation was inhibited by PAO,a specific inhibitor of PTPase.These results indicate that protein phosphtases may be involved in the cellular signaling in response to water deficit.Further studies identifiled at least four species of protein phosphtase as assayed by using pNPP as substrate,among which one component was especially sensitive to NaVO3.The NaVO3-sensitive enzyme was purified and finally showed a protein band about 66kD on SDS/PAGE.The purified enzyme showed a great activity to some specific PTPase substrates at pH 6.0.In addition to NaVO3,the enzyme was also sensitive to some other PTPase inhibitors such as Zn^2 and MO3^3 ,but not to Ca^2 and Mg^2 ,indicating that it might be a protein tyrosine phosphatase.Interestingly,the purified enzyme could be deactivated by some reducing agent DTT.which was previously proved to be an inhibitor of water deficit-induced ABA accumulation.This result further proved that PTPase might be involved in the cellular signaling of ABA accumulation in response to water deficit.     

萝卜贮藏期间蛋白水解酶及磷酸酶同工酶谱研究

用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法分离在不同贮藏期三个品种的萝卜块根的蛋白水解酶及磷酸酶后 ,用特异染色方法检测酶活性及同工酶谱变化 ,实验结果表明 :在不同贮藏期的同一品种萝卜及同一贮藏期的不同品种萝卜之间蛋白水解酶同工酶谱变化较大 ,最适pH均为 7.0 ;酸性磷酸酶同工酶谱也有较大变化 ,碱性磷酸酶谱缺失。萝卜贮藏期存在活跃的蛋白水解酶及磷酸酶的活动。