44例多发性骨髓瘤实验室指标及Ig类型改变的分析

目的探讨骨髓细胞形态学检查结合血清蛋白电泳、免疫固定电泳、免疫球蛋白定量检查诊断多发性骨髓瘤,并探讨Ig类型改变的原因．方法对44例多发性骨髓瘤患者的骨髓细胞形态学检查、血清蛋白电泳、免疫固定电泳及免疫球蛋白的数据进行统计分析．结果44例MM患者中,骨髓瘤细胞〈10％的有40例（90．9％）,且浆细胞具有较高的异质性;血清蛋白电泳检出M蛋白带的比例为88．6％;免疫固定电泳检出率为100％,免疫分型IgG占50％,IgA占20．5％,IgM占2．2％,轻链型占27．3％;免疫球蛋白定量显示同型的免疫球蛋白含量显著升高,但轻链型的各免疫球蛋白含量却正常或降低．其中1例MM患者骨髓移植后出现Ig类型转换．结论综合各实验室指标,可以最大程度减少多发性骨髓瘤的漏诊、误诊,Ig类型的改变对多发性骨髓瘤的临床诊断及治疗有再要意义．     

蛋白芯片技术联合定量检测妇科肿瘤标志物的研究

目的：研究 C12联合检测多种肿瘤标志物对妇科恶性肿瘤诊断的意义。方法选取100例妇科良性病变、73例健康女性和病理确诊的81例妇科恶性肿瘤（卵巢癌、子宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌）病例的血清标本,利用 HD-2001A蛋白芯片仪进行12种肿瘤标志（包括 CA199,NSE,CEA,CA242,CA125,CA153,AFP,Ferritin,Free-PSA,PSA, HGH and β-HCG）的联合定量检测,对比 C12芯片检测系统检测妇科恶性肿瘤与良性病变及正常对照组的差异性。结果妇科恶性肿瘤组中 CA199、CEA 水平及阳性率均高于良性病变组和正常对照组,统计学差异显著（p〈0.05）。卵巢癌中 CA199和 CA125、子宫颈癌和子宫内膜癌中 CEA 水平高于正常对照组,差异有显著性（p〈0.05）。卵巢癌中 CA199和 CA125联合检测能提高阳性率。结论利用 C12联合检测多种肿瘤标志物可以提高恶性肿瘤诊断的准确性,其中卵巢癌中 CA199和 CA125、子宫颈癌和子宫内膜癌中 CEA 肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片检测对筛查妇科肿瘤高危人群具有重要意义。     

胸部骨骼多发性骨髓瘤和骨转移瘤的X线及CT鉴别

目的 :探讨多发性骨髓瘤 (MM)与骨转移瘤 (BM)胸部骨骼受侵的X线及CT所见的不同。方法 :搜集经骨髓涂片或活检 ,病理确诊MM 36例 ,另搜集手术病理确诊为原发恶性肿瘤并骨受侵 6 7例和骨破坏病理活检为转移瘤但未找到原发灶的 3例。对两组病例胸部X线及CT影像进行分析比较。结果 :锁骨、肩胛骨、胸骨和肱骨上段受侵发生率二者差异有显著性 ,而肋骨则无显著性 ,但破坏呈膨胀型或圆、类圆型时 ,二者发生率差异有显著性 ;并发软组织肿块之发生率二者差异无显著性 ,但CT上二者各有不同特征。锁骨及肩胛骨受侵 ,呈圆、类圆型破坏发生率二者差异有高度显著性。BM胸片上可有原发及继发肺癌 ,纵隔、肺门淋巴结转移征象 ,而MM则极为少见。结论 :根据胸部各骨受侵部位、破坏类型、软组织肿块CT表现 ,有无原发、继发肺癌征象 ,在胸片上是有可能鉴别MM与BM的     

A hapten-specific chimaeric IgE antibody with human physiological effector function

Immunoglobulin E (IgE) has a central role in allergic reactions although it rarely exceeds 5 micrograms ml-1 even in the serum of severely allergic individuals. Both mast cells and basophils possess receptors which bind the Fc portion of IgE with high affinity; crosslinking of membrane-bound IgE by allergen results in degranulation of the cell and release of a variety of pharmacologically active mediator including histamine. Myeloma IgE has been successfully used to block the skin sensitizing activity of allergic sera; however, human myeloma IgE is clearly in limited supply. The emergence of techniques allowing the stable introduction of immunoglobulin gene DNA into myeloma cells has allowed us to construct a mouse cell line that secretes a chimaeric IgE, lambda 1 antibody whose heavy chain is composed of a human C epsilon constant region fused to a mouse variable (VH) region. This chimaeric IgE is specific for the hapten 4-hydroxy-3-nitro-phenacetyl (NP) and can, when crosslinked by antigen, trigger the degranulation of human basophils. When not crosslinked, however, the chimaeric IgE can prevent the passive sensitization of these cells by sera from allergic subjects.     

大鼠骨髓基质细胞培养的实验研究

目的探讨利用骨髓基质细胞体外培养获得神经干细胞的方法及应用.方法体外培养大鼠骨髓基质细胞;免疫组化检测;流式细胞仪检测.结果加BME的骨髓基质细胞大量分裂,形成大量的细胞分裂球,传到4代时,90%以上的细胞表达Nestin阳性.结论BME对骨髓基质细胞有明显的促分裂作用,应用此种方法可获得神经干细胞(Neural stem cell,NSC).     

间歇式短距离运动训练对贫血患者重组促红细胞生成素的影响

研究间歇式短距离训练对贫血患者重组促红细胞生成素的影响,为了便于分析,选用50只患有贫血症的Wister雄性大白鼠作为研究对象,随机将其划分成对照组和间歇式短距离运动训练组,间歇式短距离运动训练组进行相应训练,对照组在实验期间不进行任何训练,饲养环境和间歇式短距离运动训练组相同。和对照组相比,间歇式短距离运动训练组运动2~3周的体重明显更低,差异具有显著性(P0.05);间歇式短距离运动训练组在实验4~7周时的体重低于对照组,差异具有非常显著性(P0.01)。当实验时间为1周时,对照组和间歇式短距离运动训练组大鼠血清EPO浓度、骨髓细胞EPO mRNA表达和蛋白表达无显著性差异(P0.05);当实验时间为2~7周时,间歇式短距离运动训练组大鼠血清EPO浓度明显高于对照组,差异具有显著性意义(P0.05),间歇式短距离运动训练组大鼠骨髓细胞EPO mRNA表达和蛋白表达明显高于对照组,差异具有非常显著性意义(P0.01)。训练1周后,间歇式短距离运动训练组大鼠骨髓细胞中有少量表达EPO细胞,训练2~3周后,训练组大鼠骨髓细胞中的表达EPO细胞有所增加,随着训练时间的逐渐增加,大鼠骨髓细胞中表达的EPO细胞越来越多,对照组大鼠在训练结束后骨髓细胞中仍有较少的表达EPO细胞。间歇式短距离运动训练有助于贫血患者促红细胞生成素的重组。     

多发性骨髓瘤与骨转移瘤的X线及CT鉴别诊断

目的：为了提高对多发性骨髓瘤（ＭＭ）和骨转移瘤的影像学（Ｘ线,ＧＴ）的鉴别诊断水平,方法：收集经骨髓涂片或局部病灶活检病理证实的ＭＭ４４例。经手术、病理证实原发肿瘤并骨重破坏者７１例;骨破坏灶穿刺病理为骨转移瘤５例。将上述两组病例的Ｘ线及ＣＴ表现进行回顾性分析对比。结果：颅骨病变发生率ＭＭＯ ８５％,骨转移瘤为２１．４３％,两者比较Ｐ〈０．００５;下颌骨破坏ＭＭＯ ５０％,骨转移瘤为７．１４％,两     

人胎儿骨髓间充质干细胞的分离及生物学鉴定

通过原代细胞培养,从引产胎儿骨髓组织中分离干细胞,然后进行生物学鉴定,旨在体外建立培养胎儿骨髓干细胞的有效方法,为进一步研究干细胞奠定基础．本研究对四个月的引产胎儿骨髓组织进行原代细胞培养,采用贴壁筛选法,在含有15％胎牛血清的L-DMEM／IMDM(1:1)混和培养液中培养,7 d后细胞可长满瓶底．显微镜下观察,细胞形态均一,呈长梭形．传代后,在8代以内的细胞贴壁能力较强,生长速度较快．将其命名为BMMS-03．在第3代时,对培养的细胞进行了于细胞标志物的生物学鉴定,采用流式细胞仪对经免疫荧光染色的细胞进行检测．结果显示:97．2％的细胞呈CD105阳性反应,66．0％的细胞呈CD106阳性反应, 9．2％的细胞呈CD34阳性反应．阴性对照组阳性反应为0．5％．生物学鉴定的初步结果提示,从胎儿骨髓组织中分离培养成功的细胞为骨髓间充质干细胞,其细胞形态学特征、CD105 、CD106 和CD34-的检测结果均符合间充质干细胞的特征．本研究成功地建立了体外培养胎儿骨髓间充质干细胞的有效方法,所获得的间充质干细胞纯度较高,增殖较快,适用于干细胞生物学和组织工程学的研究．     

骨髓核素显像对再生障碍性贫血临床诊断的评价

目的:评价骨髓核素显像对再生障碍性贫血(简称再障)的临床诊断价值。方法:进行全身骨髓显像的血液病患者共63例,分为再障组(n=24例)和非再障组(n=39例),以临床表现、血象、骨髓涂片和(或)骨髓活检结果为诊断标准,评价骨髓显像对再障诊断的灵敏度和特异性。结果:全身骨髓显像结果以骨髓活性2级作为正常;再障诊断的灵敏度为83 3%(其中重型再障90 0%,慢性再障78 6%),特异性为61 5%。结论:全身骨髓核素显像是一种无创、安全、灵敏的检查方法,对了解再障的全身功能性骨髓分布及各部位骨髓造血功能有独到优势。     

Inhibition of the Prausnitz-Küstner reaction by an immunoglobulin epsilon-chain fragment synthesized in E. coli

The Prausnitz-Küstner (P-K) reaction is a sensitive test for the presence and activity in the skin of immunoglobulin E, an important class of immunoglobulin mediating allergic reactions. A fragment of the human myeloma ND epsilon-chain gene, encoding the second, third and fourth domains of the IgE constant region (C epsilon 2-4) was assessed here for its ability to inhibit the P-K reaction in vivo. Injection of the fragment in skin sites of healthy human adults prevented subsequent sensitization with serum containing IgE antibody to ragweed antigen. Inhibition of the P-K reaction required a 200-fold molar excess of the C epsilon fragment over the IgE present in the sensitizing serum. The efficacy of the C epsilon fragment in inhibiting the P-K reaction compared favourably with that of natural myeloma IgE (PS) in terms of both blocking concentrations and duration of the blocking effect. The inhibition of the P-K reaction by C epsilon 2-4 fragments was specific and probably caused by the saturation of IgE receptors on mast cells by the recombinant gene product.     

大鼠骨髓基质干细胞分离培养及向成骨、成脂诱导分化的研究

目的利用细胞原代及传代培养技术将大鼠骨髓基质干细胞诱导分化为成骨细胞和脂肪细胞,为其进一步应用奠定基础.方法全骨髓法分离大鼠骨髓基质干细胞,传代后分别在成骨、成脂诱导条件下继续培养,采用碱性磷酸酶染色、茜素红染色及油红"O"染色观察其成骨及成脂分化结果.结果第2代大鼠骨髓基质干细胞成骨诱导9 d后碱性磷酸酶染色呈阳性细胞,连续诱导14 d后可见矿化结节形成,成脂诱导14 d后可见脂肪细胞形成.结论随着诱导条件的不同,大鼠骨髓基质干细胞在体外可定向分化为成骨细胞和脂肪细胞.     

拓扑替康联合大剂量化疗治疗复发、难治性非霍杰金淋巴瘤

目的　观察拓扑替康 (topotecan)联合大剂量化疗治疗复发、难治性非霍杰金淋巴瘤 (NHL)的临床疗效、毒副作用、血浆LDH水平变化。方法　以拓扑替康联合大剂量Ara C、顺铂、地塞米松治疗复发、难治性NHL1 2例 ,其中复发 1 0例、难治 2例 ,治疗前后测定血浆LDH水平及常规血液、生化指标 ,评价临床疗效和毒副作用。结果　临床总有效率 6 7% ,其中CR4 2 % ,PR2 5 % ,骨髓抑制明显 ,治疗后血浆LDH水平明显下降。结论　拓扑替康联合大剂量化疗治疗复发、难治性NHL疗效较好 ,毒副作用尚可耐受 ,值得进一步研究     

白鲜皮提取物对辐射损伤小鼠造血功能的保护作用

目的探讨白鲜皮乙醇提取物(AEDP)对辐射损伤小鼠造血系统的保护作用.方法将60只ICR小鼠随机分为正常对照组(NC)、照射对照组(IC)、AEDP低剂量(300 mg/kg)照射组(LI)、AEDP高剂量(600 mg/kg)照射组(HI)、AEDP低剂量(300 mg/kg)组(LD)、AEDP高剂量(600 mg/kg)组(HD),共6组,测定小鼠外周血白细胞数、骨髓有核细胞数、血清中铁含量.结果与照射对照组比较,AEDP高、低剂量组小鼠外周血白细胞数、骨髓有核细胞数显著增加(P0.05),血清中铁含量明显降低(P0.05).结论 AEDP可有效缓解辐射对造血系统造成的损伤.     

骨髓涂片检测急性淋巴细胞白血病微小残留病的意义

为了建立一种简便、快速的微小残留病的检测方法,采用聚合酶链反应技术,选择３年内的急性淋巴细胞白血病骨髓涂片标本,进行免疫球蛋白 Ｉｇ Ｈ 和 Ｔ 细胞受体ｒ 链基因重排的检测．其结果１８ 例初诊病例的骨髓涂片标本中, Ｉｇ Ｈ 阳性率７２ ．２ ％ ,与初诊骨髓液标本的 Ｉｇ Ｈ 阳性率７３ ．７ ％ 对比基本一致［１］ ．说明骨髓涂片能进行微小残留病的检测,这对于临床考察急性淋巴细胞白血病的缓解和预测其早期复发均具有一定的临床意义     

Production of the haemopoietic growth factors GM-CSF and interleukin-3 by mast cells in response to IgE receptor-mediated activation

Mast cells have a central role in allergic diseases mediated by specific immunoglobulin E antibody responses to allergens. The binding of IgE to the high-affinity receptor for IgE (Fc epsilon R) on mast cells and basophils enables these cells to react specifically to allergens. Such contact leads to the activation of mast cells and the release of histamine and other pharmacological mediators, causing an immediate hypersensitivity and acute inflammatory reactions, accompanied by the development of allergic symptoms. Here we show that Fc epsilon R-mediated activation of murine mast cells results in the production of the haemopoietic growth factors granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-3 (IL-3). IL-3 and GM-CSF, in addition to their role in bone marrow haemopoiesis, also influence inflammation as they have the capacity to recruit, prime and activate inflammatory cells such as neutrophils, macrophages and eosinophils. Secretion of these factors by mast cells in response to allergens may therefore have an important role in local tissue defense.     

临床完全缓解卵巢上皮性癌CA125界值与预后相关性研究

探讨了临床完全缓解卵巢上皮性癌患者CA125界值与复发的相关性,它关系着卵巢癌患者的预后,可为减少难治性卵巢癌的发生提供参考.     

环磷酰胺化疗所致骨髓抑制的中药(寿胎丸)干预研究

用骨髓有核细胞和白细胞计数的方法研究了化疗药物环磷酰胺(CTX)对小鼠骨髓的抑制作用和中药寿胎丸(FPP)的干预效应.结果表明: 1) CTX有明显的骨髓抑制作用,表现在骨髓有核细胞和外周血白细胞数量显著减少(P＜0.05);2) FPP对CTX所致的骨髓抑制有显著的干预效应,表现在明显减弱CTX骨髓抑制所造成的骨髓有核细胞和外周血白细胞数量的减少;3) 白细胞着丝粒蛋白B(CenpB)的表达水平与骨髓抑制及骨髓抑制干预效应明显相关(P＜0.05),可作为一种检测指标.     

Initial genome sequencing and analysis of multiple myeloma

Multiple myeloma is an incurable malignancy of plasma cells, and its pathogenesis is poorly understood. Here we report the massively parallel sequencing of 38 tumour genomes and their comparison to matched normal DNAs. Several new and unexpected oncogenic mechanisms were suggested by the pattern of somatic mutation across the data set. These include the mutation of genes involved in protein translation (seen in nearly half of the patients), genes involved in histone methylation, and genes involved in blood coagulation. In addition, a broader than anticipated role of NF-κB signalling was indicated by mutations in 11 members of the NF-κB pathway. Of potential immediate clinical relevance, activating mutations of the kinase BRAF were observed in 4% of patients, suggesting the evaluation of BRAF inhibitors in multiple myeloma clinical trials. These results indicate that cancer genome sequencing of large collections of samples will yield new insights into cancer not anticipated by existing knowledge.     

骨髓增生异常综合征12例临床分析

为重新全面认识骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS).对12例MDS患者的临床和实验室资料进行分析.MDS患者外周血象中两系或三系减少,血象中有明显形态异常,骨髓像中必有两系或三系病态造血,特别是见到:中性粒细胞颗粒减少、PeLger-Huet异常、多核红细胞、巨大红细胞、微巨核细胞、巨血小板更具有诊断意义,有力证实了骨髓增生异常是MDS的病理特征.