基于CFD-DEM法的矩形喷动床与柱锥形喷动床颗粒喷动特性模拟

为进一步了解矩形喷动床的优缺点,采用离散元气固耦合法(CFD-DEM)对矩形喷动床中小麦颗粒的喷动特性及混合过程进行数值模拟,并通过分析单颗粒循环时间、混合指数、床层压降、颗粒速度等与传统柱锥形喷动床进行对比.结果表明:us=1.1 ums时,矩形喷动床的平均单颗粒循环时间为1.9 s,柱锥形喷动床的单颗粒循环时间为1.7 s,相差较小.两种喷动床的颗粒混合时间均为2.8 s.相比柱锥形喷动床,矩形喷动床内的压力略大,尤其在喷动床棱角处气体压力较大,从而导致矩形喷动床在棱角处的颗粒运动随机性较差.因此,矩形喷动床与柱锥形喷动床的喷动特性总体上具有较好的一致性,但矩形喷动床在结构设计时要尽可能改善棱角处颗粒运动问题.     

高炉三维气固湍流和煤粉燃烧过程数值模拟

基于欧拉气相方程组、欧拉颗粒连续方程和动量方程以及拉氏颗粒能量和质量变化方程,建立并发展了高炉风口回旋区湍流气固两相流动和煤粉燃烧的三维数学模型.用所建模型分别对冷态模型内气固两相流动和某企业750 m3高炉风口回旋区内的气固两相三维流动与煤粉燃烧进行了数值模拟.采用三维激光相位多普勒分析仪(PDA)对冷态模型内气固两相流场进行了测量,实验结果与冷态两相流动的模拟结果基本一致.热态模拟结果给出了气相温度和组分浓度分布,模拟结果与实验测量结果较吻合,揭示了风口回旋区内气固两相流动和煤粉燃烧的基本性质和特点.     

气固喷动床压力波动的Hurst分析

采用Hurst分析描述了不同喷动气速下气固喷动床中的压力波动行为 .发现压力波动信号中存在着不同程度的周期成分 .根据计算所得的Hurst系数H值随喷动气速增大而变化的曲线 ,可将颗粒床层的流动状态划分为 3个流域 :低气速时的不稳定流化、稳定喷动和高喷动气速下的不稳定喷动 .     

多喷嘴对置式煤气化炉内气固两相流动及壁面沉积

对我国具有自主知识产权的多喷嘴对置式煤气化炉内的气固两相流进行了数值模拟分析.在合理简化和假设基础上建立了基于Eulerian-Lagrangian模拟方法的炉内气固两相流动模型,采用Realizable k-ε模型描述炉内复杂气相湍流运动,应用颗粒轨道模型随机追踪煤粉颗粒在湍流气流中的运动.通过数值计算获得了炉内气固两相的速度矢量、颗粒分布、颗粒运动轨迹,以及颗粒碰撞并沉积于壁面的通量分布.揭示了该型气流床煤气化炉内气固两相流动特征,并分析了入口速度和炉体上部高度对气固两相流动和颗粒在壁面沉积的影响规律.结果表明:对撞流显著增强炉内气固流动湍动,强化气固相互作用,并使煤粉颗粒在炉内有效分散,有利于化学反应高效进行;在喷嘴入口及顶部的壁面处颗粒沉积率较大.     

基于颗粒尺度DEM直接数值模拟的喷动流化床颗粒运动特性

采用离散元方法,对喷动流化床内的气固流动进行了三维直接数值模拟.气相场采用欧拉方法,固相场采用拉格朗日方法;对每一个颗粒考虑了碰撞力、携带力和重力;颗粒碰撞采用软球模型;气固耦合采用双向耦合.模拟中跟踪了每个颗粒的运动,获得了颗粒轴向速度、平均速度、颗粒浓度和颗粒平均碰撞频率随操作参数的变化规律.结果表明喷动气速度、流化气速度、颗粒平均速度、颗粒浓度和颗粒平均碰撞频率存在关联性:喷动气速度增加,颗粒在喷射区和环形密相区的平均速度增加,浓度减小,平均碰撞频率减小;流化气速度增加,颗粒速度、浓度和碰撞频率与喷动气速度增加具有相同的变化规律,但环形密相区的变化更为明显.     

气固催化反应流动的CFD-DEM模拟研究

针对复杂气固催化反应流动系统,提出一种新的气固催化反应流动的模型框架,即CFD-DEM反应流模型框架,计算流体力学（CFD）方程用于描述气相的流动和传递行为,离散单元法（DEM）用于描述颗粒相的运动。结合石油催化裂化（FCC）过程,考虑颗粒间传热和气固相间传热模型、催化剂颗粒瞬态失活模型以及FCC过程的4集总动力学模型,建立完整的CFD-DEM反应流模型。应用所建模型模拟在不同剂油比操作下高2m,宽0.05m的二维提升管和下行式反应器内的FCC过程。由于能实时追踪各个催化剂颗粒的运动、传热和化学反应行为,模拟结果直接揭示了不同的流动结构和颗粒返混行为对反应器性能（如汽油、焦炭等产物的选择性）的影响。此外,方法论本身可推广至FCC过程以外的气固相催化或非催化过程的精细描述。     

布风装置对流化床流动特性的影响

以欧拉双流体模型和颗粒动力学方法为基础,采用基于压力的PC-SIMPLE算法,标准k-ε的分散湍流模型,数值模拟了在3种不同气体布风装置下流化床内气固两相流动,获得了其床内颗粒体积分率和速度的分布规律.相对于单层多孔板流化床,管式和凹形多孔板流化床达到稳定流化状态的时间较短.在相同的床高和径向位置处,管式和凹形多孔板流化床内颗粒体积分率随时间的变化较强烈.不同布风装置的流化床总体上在床内形成了中心区域体积分率较小,向上运动;近壁面区域体积分率较大,向下运动的"环核"结构.     

用于钙循环CO2捕集的串行流化床气固流动特性实验与模拟研究

为进一步开发适用于钙循环捕集CO2过程的双流化床反应器,采用实验测试和数值模拟方法对新搭建串行流化床的气固流动特性进行研究.首先通过冷态实验对床层压降以及颗粒循环速率等气固流动特性进行测量,然后,使用Fluent软件对床内的气固流动过程进行CFD数值模拟.研究结果表明:煅烧反应器入口风速、上下流动密封阀入口风速、床料量...     

喷动流化床流动特性的数值模拟

本文在实验研究的基础上,建立了喷动流化床流动特性的三维湍流数学模型。该模型可揭示气固两相喷动流化床的流动特性,弥补实验手段的不足。模型的气相流场采用欧拉方法,固相颗粒场采用离散单元直接数值模拟的方法,并以SIMPLE算法为基拙,对模型进行了求解。     

基于球元重建与大涡模拟耦合并行算法的数值模拟

为了更好地模拟柱形颗粒与石英砂的流动,利用球元重建方法对柱形颗粒进行球元重建.采用大涡模拟中的SGS(sub-grid scale)亚格子模型,对柱形颗粒造成的湍流进行解析.模拟中耦合并行算法,缩短了模型计算时间.基于上述方法,模拟了表观气速为1.5 m/s的柱形颗粒与石英砂的混合流动过程.通过流动瞬时图像和压力脉动分析表明,模拟结果与实验结果相似,表明耦合并行算法能较好地模拟流化床中柱形颗粒与石英砂的流动.当柱形颗粒尺寸较大时,加剧了湍流效应对混合流动的影响.模拟的z方向气体平均速度呈现中间高两边低的对称分布状态,这与床内的气泡和柱形颗粒分布有关,符合实际流化规律.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has