小净距隧道在不同开挖方式下的力学效应分析

结合某公路隧道出口端隧道间距较小的实际情况，运用数值计算的方法，对软岩条件下小净距隧道在不同开挖方式下达到稳定后围岩和复合衬砌的力学效应进行了分析，同时，考察不同净距对中夹岩墙塑性区的影响。结果表明：施工小净距隧道应慎重选择后继施工隧道的开挖方式；后继隧道施工的开挖方式直接对先行既有隧道锚杆、喷射混凝土和二次衬砌应力状态产生很大影响；中夹岩墙塑性区大小与净距紧密相关，同时，隧道埋深和围岩类别也是影响塑性区大小的重要因素。     

台阶法开挖公路隧道弹塑性有限元分析

随着我国经济技术的蓬勃发展,高速公路工程越来越多,基于环境保护修建越岭隧道成为高速公路工程的必然选择。由于岩土体及隧道边界条件等的复杂性,采用解析方法计算高速公路隧道的变形相应、塑性区范围等存在很大的局限性和困难性。采用弹塑性有限单元法,结合冶峡2号隧道工程,对隧道施工过程中的应力分布、塑性区及变形进行了相关分析。结果表明：反底拱形式可以充分发挥拱效应。提高囤岩的应力状态,抑制底臌破坏发生,保持隧道稳定性;单心圆曲墙式断面能够有效的调整围岩的应力状态,减小应力集中现象;围岩破碎,承载能力低时,进行锚杆支护可以有效提高固岩的强度,减小塑性区范围。     

软弱地基参数对隧道施工稳定性的影响研究

为探明软弱地基参数对隧道施工稳定性的影响程度,以青海某高速公路隧道洞口段为研究对象,采用FLAC3D建立多组数值模型,进行隧道施工数值模拟。详细讨论了软弱地基厚度、弹性模量、粘聚力和内内摩擦角对隧道稳定性的影响。结果表明:软弱地基厚度和弹性模量对围岩变形、塑性区和支护结构应力影响最大,是影响隧道施工稳定性的主要因素;粘聚力和内内摩擦角对围岩变形和支护结构应力影响不大,对围岩塑性区有一定的影响,且内摩擦角影响程度大于粘聚力。研究结论可为软弱地基隧道设计和施工提供参考。     

大型隧道锚施工优化及其稳定性分析

针对隧道锚的施工及支护优化问题,根据坝陵河大桥西锚碇隧道锚工程地质条件、工程设计资料、施工方案以及现场试验监测资料等基础资料,进行了位移反分析;通过对隧道锚施工开挖的仿真分析,综合研究了开挖进尺、施工顺序、锚杆预应力水平等因素对隧道锚围岩开挖变形特征和塑性区分布的影响,从而提出了合理的施工开挖方案以及支护措施,并应用于实际工程施工过程中,结合监测成果评价了隧道锚围岩变形稳定性.此项研究可为同类工程提供参考.     

富水软弱围岩偏压隧道超前支护施工技术研究

研究了富水软弱围岩偏压隧道超前支护及施工技术.依托国家一带一路重点项目云南临沧临翔至清水河高速公路马家寨隧道工程,通过有限元软件MIDAS GTS NX建立有无超前支护的隧道出口端有限元模型,分析无超前支护和长管棚超前支护工况下隧道围岩稳定性、初期支护应力及围岩塑性区的变化规律.结果表明:随着隧道开挖,拱顶沉降越来越大...     

软弱围岩公路隧道失稳变形特征及其施工技术

由于软岩自身的一些特性,隧道施工时将对稳定和安全产生影响,造成工程成本的增加等,因此软弱围岩隧道开挖支护具有不同的特点。软弱围岩隧道由于自身的地质原因和人为因素的影响,自身稳定性很差。若选择不好开挖支护方式或开挖后支护不足,支护质量达不到要求,忽视重点薄弱部位的加固,都会影响隧道围岩稳定,造成塌方。因此,合理的施工过程对维护围岩稳定、支护结构安全、保证施工顺利进行以及缩短工期和节约投资等都有着极其重要的意义。本文理论联系实际,结合龙池隧道工程实际,对软弱围岩公路隧道失稳变形特征及其施工技术进行探析。     

基于Hoek-Brown准则的渝中连接隧道连拱段施工力学研究

结合重庆渝中连接隧道连拱段的施工过程,建立了基于Hoek-Brown准则的有限元分析模型,对隧道施工过程的围岩位移、应力和塑性区特征及支护结构的应力特征进行了研究,得到了围岩位移随施工步的变化特征和应力及塑性区的影响范围,指出了加强监控量测和支护的位置。通过中导洞水平收敛监测位移与模拟计算的围岩位移的对比分析,检验了数值模拟采用的本构关系和物理力学参数的正确性,也验证了隧道支护设计参数的合理性。     

硬岩地层地铁暗挖车站施工过程力学分析

地铁暗挖车站因其埋深浅、开挖尺寸大,隧道围岩应力演化剧烈且复杂,塌方事故风险大,隧道支护设计面临极大挑战。为精细化模拟地铁暗挖车站分部开挖及初期支护全过程,以青岛地铁6号线海港路站为对象,建立三维数值模型,结合现场监测数据,研究硬岩地层暗挖大跨隧道施工过程力学特征。结果表明：拱部上导洞开挖造成围岩强度储备显著降低,引起拱顶及地表沉降量占最终值的54%和56%,左、右导洞开挖对应的拱顶围岩应力变化较小,引起拱顶沉降分别占最终值的30%和13%,直墙部等后续施工影响更小,从总体过程来看上导洞开挖对隧道沉降控制最为关键。全部贯通后,拱顶围岩强度储备值高于其他部位,边墙围岩强度储备值接近极限状态,从隧道各部位围岩强度储备角度上看,边墙最为关键需支护。总体上,地铁暗挖车站虽跨度大、埋深浅,但由于硬岩地层围岩强度高而几乎没有产生塑性区,锚喷格栅初期支护即可使隧道达到较高的稳定状态。     

硬岩隧道锚喷支护施工过程非线性有限元分析

聚丙烯纤维喷混凝土作为隧道锚喷支护中的新型支护方式,具有施工便捷特点,并可以改善混凝土的性能和耐久性。文章采用非线性有限元法对东巨寺沟硬质围岩铁路隧道进行了大断面开挖-锚喷支护施工全过程分析,分析了施工过程中围岩的位移变形、应力、塑性区分布特征,验证了隧道支护后的围岩稳定性和支护效果。     

深埋隧道围岩滑移面验证及稳定性分析

为了采用安全系数分析深埋圆形盾构隧道稳定性,以隧道围岩弹塑性区域的应力分布为基础,采用变分方法验证围岩滑移面的分布形态.将围岩简化为理想弹塑性材料,结合弹塑性区域应变分布获得围岩极限塑性半径.基于Mohr-Coulomb准则,选取隧道安全系数为极限塑性半径内沿隧道滑移面围岩的抗剪强度与剪切力之比,获得以安全系数为隧道稳定性指标的分析方法.通过算例分析得出极限应变与屈服应变比值、围岩力学参数和支护参数与隧道相对塑性半径和安全系数的关系.研究结果表明:增加围岩内聚力、内摩擦角及支护压力能有效抑制隧道塑性区半径发展与提高隧道安全系数;围岩变形协调能力越好,整体越稳定.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has