利用线性预测残差的语音去噪方法

语音信号中经常混有加性噪声,噪声的存在会使语音处理系统的性能急剧下降,因此语音去噪是语音信号处理中的关键技术之一.提出一种利用线性预测残差去除语音中的加性白噪声的方法,实验结果表明,该方法可以有效地去除语音信号中的加性白噪声,并且保持语音信号较好的清晰度和可懂度.     

基于倒谱处理的先验信噪比估计算法

单通道语音增强中,已有的先验信噪比算法能有效地去除噪声,提升语音增强算法性能;但是由于在噪声功率谱估计不准确,造成噪声功率出现过估和低估的情况,造成了语音失真和保留较多残留噪声。通过倒谱处理能在含噪语音段中抑制语音中的谐频成分和在纯噪声段中避免部分较强的噪声成分误判为语音信号,准确地估计出噪声功率谱,同时语音失真不大。在多种噪声背景下的客观评价指标分析表明,经过倒谱处理后的先验信噪比估计算法能提高先验信噪比算法的估计性能。     

一种改进的谱相减语音增强方法

针对一般的谱相减语音增强算法所带来的“音乐”噪声较为严重的问题,提出了一种改进的谱相减语音增强算法——噪声残差消除谱相减法,实验结果表明,噪声残差消除谱相减法明显地削弱了一般谱相减法所带来的“音乐”噪声。对带噪语音质量的增强效果显著。     

基于尺度噪声能量估计的自适应语音去噪算法

摘要：
针对语音增强技术中的信号去噪问题,提出了一种非线性小波自适应阈值去噪方法.该方法采用一个改进的阈值函数,克服了传统软、硬阈值函数的缺陷;在阈值选取规则中,引入尺度相关去噪法而自适应地选取尺度阈值,利用小波系数在空间尺度的相关性进行尺度噪声能量的估计,根据所得尺度噪声能量来选取对应尺度层中的最佳小波系数并作为该尺度的阈值;同时,应用该方法对不同强度噪声背景下的语音信号进行去噪.结果表明,其具有较好的降噪性能. 关键词：
语音信号; 滤波; 小波变换; 噪声能量; 自适应阈值 中图分类号： TN 912.3
文献标志码： A     

有噪语音的线性预测HMM参数估计方法

本文讨论了混有加性高斯白噪声的语音的线性预测隐Markov模型(HMM)参数估计问题.由Baum等人提出来的重估公式没有考虑噪声的影响,因此,对有噪语音的模型参数估计会产生较大的偏差.本文对该公式提出了一种修正方案,用这种方法估计出的模型参数有效地抑制了噪声的影响,较准确地反映了语音真实时变特征.实验证实了这一结论.     

应用自相关减法改善噪化语音的线性预测编码分析

本文提出了一种新的线性预测编码(LPC)方法。它既可用于纯语音分析,也可用于噪化语音分析。用于噪化语音分析时,首先在无语音帧内估计出噪声样本的自相关系数,然后从噪化语音的自相关系中减去噪声的自相关系数,最后利用估值得到的语音自相关系数求出它的线性预测系数。当输人噪化语音的信噪比为0～10dB时,使用这种方法可以提高信噪比5dB左右。     

基于FSS与PLP的噪声鲁棒语音识别

提出了一种基于分数阶谱相减(FSS)与感知线性预测(PLP)相结合的噪声鲁棒语音识别方法,记为FSS PLPC.该方法首先通过FSS在分数阶Fourier域对带噪语音进行降噪处理,然后计算增强语音的均方误差和Itakura距离并进行比较,以获得FSS的近似最优分数阶阶数.最后对根据此阶数得到的增强语音提取感知线性预测倒谱(PLPC).实验结果表明,FSS PLPC对于数字语音的识别性能优于传统的谱减法(SS PLPC)和感知线性预测倒谱(PLPC)法,并且随着信噪比的降低FSS PLPC表现出较好的噪声鲁棒性.     

基于线性预测的自适应语音增强技术

提出了一种基于线性预测的自适应语音增强方法。该方法利用带噪语音的线性预测作为自适应滤波器的参考输入，使有色噪声的相关性隐含于参考输入之中，从而大大地提高了语音的信噪比。仿真实验证明．被环境噪声污染了的语音信号经自适应系统处理后，其信噪比提高了32．70dB。     

一种改进的语音识别抗噪算法

为了提高在噪声环境下的语音识别性能,提出一种融合信号级和特征参数级抗噪的抗噪算法.该算法首先对带噪语音用最小均方误差估计法进行语音增强,后端对原始的带噪语音运用自相关法,以有效抑制加性和卷积噪声.实验结果表明,该算法能有效提高系统在噪声环境下,特别是低信噪比情况下的识别率.     

基于倒谱修正模型的语音基音检测算法

该文提出了一种基于修正倒谱模型的改进的倒谱基音检测算法.该算法首先对分帧语音进行10阶线性预测编码(LPC)分析和逆滤波,获得LPC预测残差;然后对残差信号进行倒谱分析,倒谱分析中采用了离散傅里叶变换频谱的高频分量置零的计算措施;最后根据倒谱的特征求得浊音语音的基音周期.仿真检测结果表明:该算法无论对纯净语音,还是对不同加噪情况下的含噪语音,其基音检测结果都明显优于传统倒谱基音检测算法,并且也明显优于基于平均幅度差函数的基音检测算法,而略优于基于自相关函数的基音检测算法.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that