同轴静电纺丝制备中空多孔碳纳米纤维

以聚丙烯腈(PAN)为鞘层,聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)为芯层,氧化锌(ZnO)为造孔剂,采用同轴静电纺丝技术制备出PAN复合纤维,经过煅烧、酸处理后制得中空多孔碳纳米纤维.采用透射电镜(TEM)对中空多孔碳纳米纤维的形貌进行表征,并考察了不同溶液浓度、电压、流速对中空多孔碳纳米纤维内外直径影响.结果表明:当内层溶液PMMA质量分数为10%,外层溶液PAN质量分数为10%,醋酸锌质量分数为6%,电压为15kV,内、外层流速分别为1.0mL/h和1.5mL/h时,中空多孔碳纳米纤维的内外直径及介孔形貌最佳.     

电纺煅烧制备TiO_2纳米纤维及其可见光光催化性能

采用静电纺丝-煅烧技术制备了Fe、C、N共掺杂Ti O2纳米纤维,并对其在可见光条件下降解亚甲基蓝模拟染料废水的性能进行了研究.探讨了Fe掺杂量和煅烧温度对Fe/C/N-Ti O2纳米纤维的可见光光催化活性的影响.结果表明,在nFe/nTi为1.5%、煅烧温度为400℃、煅烧时间为1 h的条件下,所制备的Fe/C/N-Ti O2纳米纤维的直径约为(110±50)nm,比表面积达127.48 m2·g-1,Ti O2晶相为锐钛矿相,且Fe、C、N分别以一定的形式掺杂于Ti O2晶格中.同时,在可见光光照2 h下,该纳米纤维对亚甲基蓝的光催化降解率可达98.3%,说明所制备的Fe/C/N-Ti O2纳米纤维具有较高的可见光光催化活性,有望在可见光光降解去除水中有机污染物中获得应用.     

静电纺PLA/Ag-TiO_2纳米纤维膜的制备及性能

利用静电纺丝技术,将聚乳酸(PLA)和载银二氧化钛(Ag-TiO_2)进行混合纺丝,制备PLA/Ag-TiO_2复合纳米纤维膜。将制备的PLA/Ag-TiO_2复合纳米纤维膜应用于亚甲基蓝溶液的催化降解和空气过滤领域,研究其光催化、过滤和重复使用等性能。同时采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能量色散X射线光谱仪(EDX)对纳米纤维膜进行表征。研究结果表明:当PLA/Ag-TiO_2纺丝液中PLA的质量分数为10%(Ag-TiO_2占PLA的质量分数为2%)时,制备的复合纳米纤维膜的纤维形态较好,纤维直径更加均匀;使用50mg复合纳米纤维膜光催化降解质量浓度为5mg/L的50mL亚甲基蓝溶液,反应时间达到80min时,亚甲基蓝降解率达到53.50%,纳米纤维膜重复使用5次后,依然保持良好的光催化性能;同时复合纳米纤维膜具有优异的过滤性能,其空气过滤效率最高达到95.70%。     

超声协同纳米ZnO光催化降解亚甲基蓝研究

制备了光催化剂纳米ZnO,并对催化剂进行表征,探讨了超声协同纳米ZnO光催化氧化降解亚甲基蓝的影响因素.结果表明:与单一超声法(US)、单一光催化氧化法(UV+ZnO+O2)相比,超声协同光催化氧化法(US+UV+ZnO+O2)对亚甲基蓝的降解效果显著;在超声功率为200 W、催化剂用量为2.0g/L、亚甲基蓝溶液的初始浓度为10mg/L、光照时间100min时,亚甲基蓝溶液的降解率可达92%以上.     

Ag+/ZnO纳米晶的制备及对亚甲基蓝的异相光催化行为

以水合碳酸锌为前驱体利用激光复合加热蒸发技术制得平均粒径在20 nm左右的Ag+掺杂ZnO纳米晶半导体光催化剂系列.用XRD、UV-Vis、TEM、PL等手段对纳米晶进行了表征,结果表明掺杂Ag+有助于ZnO对可见光的吸收,ZnO纳米晶为四针形,而掺杂产物为球形.在悬浮Ag+掺杂ZnO纳米晶的悬浮水相体系中,通过脱色率、紫外-可见吸收光谱和COD值的测定证实了Ag+掺杂有效的改善了ZnO对亚甲基蓝 (MB) 的光催化降解性能.探讨了几种因素对MB降解率的影响,当pH为12.0、C0为30 mg*L-1、催化剂为2.5 mg*L-1时,30 min其脱色率达98.98%,COD的去除率达85.10%.     

静电纺丝制备Ag/ZnO复合材料及其光催化性能研究

以PVP为载体,乙酸锌(Zn(CH₃COO)₂·2H₂O)和硝酸银(AgNO₃)为原料,采用静电纺丝与煅烧相结合的方法制备了一系列银掺杂量不同的ZnO复合纳米材料.用SEM、FTIR、XRD对煅烧前后的纤维形貌和结构进行表征.以刚果红为目标降解物,考察了煅烧温度和Ag掺杂量对Ag/ZnO复合纳米纤维的光催化活性的影响.结果显示,煅烧温度和Ag掺杂量对复合纳米材料的催化活性影响显著,600 ℃煅烧3 h制得的Ag掺杂摩尔分数为6%的Ag/ZnO复合纳米材料,经155 W紫外灯照射210 min后对40 mg·L^-1刚果红溶液降解率可达99%以上.催化剂重复利用4次后对刚果红的催化降解率仍可保持在94%以上.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备铁酸钇/氧化锌及声催化性能

溶胶-凝胶法制备YFeO_3/ZnO纳米粒子,并对样品进行了X-射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)表征,研究了其对次甲基蓝溶液的声催化降解性能.此外,还研究了煅烧时间、煅烧温度,超声照射时间,染料初始浓度和催化剂的用量对次甲基蓝的降解率的影响.结果表明,当煅烧温度为500℃,煅烧时间为60 min,超声照射时间为180min,催化剂质量浓度为1.0g·L^(-1),次甲基蓝溶液的浓度为10mg·L-1时,YFeO_3/ZnO对次甲基蓝的降解率达到73.67%,加入YFeO_3能够大大提高ZnO的声催化效率.     

电纺CoFe2O4纳米纤维及其磁性研究

采用溶胶-凝胶过程和静电纺丝技术,以三氯化铁(FeCl3·6H2O)、醋酸钴(Co(CH3COO)2·4H2O)和聚乙烯醇(PVA)为前驱物,制得PVA/FeCl3/Co(CH3COO)2复合纳米纤维.经高温煅烧,制备了CoFe2O4纳米纤维.利用扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、差热-热重(TG-DTA)和X射线衍射(XRD)等分析测试手段对样品进行了表征,并研究了其磁性质.结果表明:静电纺丝技术制备的CoFe2O4纳米纤维为规则的一维结构,直径分布均匀,具有良好的铁磁性.     

静电纺丝技术制备TiO_2纳米纤维的研究

以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)的乙醇溶液为基体,加入体积分数为6%的钛酸异丙酯,制得前驱体溶液,在高电场强度下用静电纺丝法制备了PVP/Ti(OCH(CH3)2)4复合纳米纤维,经600℃高温煅烧得到金红石和锐钛矿混杂的二氧化钛(TiO2)纳米纤维,直径约150～200 nm.研究了不同电纺参数对PVP/Ti(OCH(CH3)2)4复合纳米纤维的形貌的影响.通过差热-热重分析(TG-DSC)、红外光谱(IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)等分析测试手段对制得的TiO2纳米纤维进行表征.     

负载高岭土的ZnO的制备及其光催化性能研究

以Zn（NO3）2·6H2O、C2H2O4和高岭土为原料,采用直接沉淀法合成了负载高岭土的ZnO粉体,并对其进行了X射线粉末衍射（ XRD）表征。以亚甲基蓝为目标物,研究了催化剂的用量、高岭土的负载量、煅烧温度以及亚甲基蓝的初始浓度对其光催化性能的影响。结果表明,煅烧温度为300℃、高岭土负载量为30%的ZnO光催化活性最好,在催化剂加入量为0.5 g/L,800W氙灯光照60 min的条件下,可使初始浓度为10 mg/L的亚甲基蓝脱色率达98%以上。且重复使用5次后脱色率仍在80%以上,表明所制备的复合光催化剂具有较好的催化性能和稳定性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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