7A04铝合金表面磁控溅射制备硬质膜工艺

为提高铝合金表面硬质涂层质量,对7A04铝合金固溶处理后两种不同时效工艺进行对比,确定了适合磁控溅射方法制备硬质膜的热处理工艺。在确定镀膜时间后,通过对溅射功率的改变,探索出最适合镀膜的工艺。实验结果表明:固溶时间相同时,采用分级时效的热处理工艺比采用任何单级时效的热处理工艺都要适合限制镀膜时间和温度的磁控溅射方法。得到力学性能良好的硬质膜最佳镀膜工艺为:470℃×60min水淬+120℃×3h功率210W×5h。     

热处理参数对超高强铝合金硬度的影响

采用热处理、硬度测试、显微组织观察等方法,分析不同的时效温度、固溶时间、时效时间对超高强铝合金硬度的影响,并利用正交方差分析对最佳的热处理工艺参数进行优选.结果表明：在固溶温度为460℃,固溶时间为400、60、200 min,时效温度为130、150、170℃,时效时间为10、15、20 h的条件下,各参数对硬度影响...     

提高2214铝合金综合性能的固溶时效处理工艺

为了能够兼顾电工圆杆的电学性能和力学性能,该发明公开了一种提高2214铝合金综合性能的固溶时效处理工艺,将铸态2214铝合金在箱式电阻炉中进行热处理实验,温差为±2℃,其中,固溶实验工艺为:固溶温度为525℃,保温时间均为5 h,保温结束后从电阻炉中取出立即进行室温水冷,时效温度:在190℃均时效10 h即可。     

高强铝合金快速固溶工艺研究

固溶工艺是制约高强铝合金力学性能和热处理生产率的主要因素．本文以7075铝合金为例通过高温预热装炉、分级固溶等方法研究了高强度铝合金的快速固溶工艺．并结合金相组织观察和力学性能测试，分析了快速固溶对高强铝合金组织和力学性能的影响．结果表明：①固溶时间相同时，分级固溶的强度高于单级固溶的强度，分级固溶的塑性略低于单级固溶的塑性．②分级固溶时，随着二级固溶时间的增加，材料的强度增加，塑性略有降低．③采用500℃高温预热装炉、470℃／5min＋485℃／9min固溶和140℃／6h＋150℃（2／1h时效明显缩短热处理时间，提高生产率，同时力学性能仍然达到了常规热处理的水平．     

1420Al—Li合金模锻件热处理新工艺及机理

采用正交法设计了 14 2 0Al-Li合金模锻件的热处理工艺方案 ,按设计方案进行了热处理试验和力学性能测试 ,并运用金相、透射电镜等手段研究了固溶温度、固溶时间、时效温度、时效时间影响14 2 0Al-Li合金模锻件强度和韧性的微观机制 ,获得了 14 2 0Al-Li合金模锻件的最佳热处理工艺制度。结果表明 :合金经 4 5 5℃× 170min固溶淬火 ,14 0℃× 12～ 16h时效工艺处理后 ,力学性能指标分别为σb≥ 4 93MPa ,σ0 .2 ≥ 398MPa ,σ≥ 12 9% ,达到最佳的强韧性效果。同时 ,对该合金的强韧化机理进行了探讨     

消除7A05铝合金板材各向异性的热处理工艺

为提高7A05铝合金热轧板材的综合力学性能并减少各向异性,对7A05铝合金固溶、预时效、时效和形变处理等工艺对性能的影响进行了系统的研究. 比较了供货态、形变态、回归(RRA)态和采用预时效形变热处理的优化态热处理工艺对综合力学性能的影响. 结果表明:固溶的最佳温度为480 ℃,单级时效最佳工艺为120 ℃,24 h,双级时效中第一级时效最佳工艺为90 ℃,8 h,最佳形变为25%. 通过金相组织和力学性能测试结果表明:由于预时效析出促进形变热处理时亚晶等轴化,优化态强度高,进一步改善了合金性能,减少了轧制板材纵横向力学性能各向异性倾向.     

新型高强度铸造铝合金的热处理工艺研究

本论文采用正交实验,对新型高强度铸造铝合金的力学性能影响因子进行分析,确定出最佳的热处理工艺：固溶处理温度550℃,固溶处理时间16h,时效温度150℃,时效时间10h。在此工艺条件下铝合金具有优良的力学性能,抗拉强度σb可达到498MPa,延伸率δ为6．8％。     

2124铝合金热轧厚板的热处理制度

通过室温拉伸性能测试和DSC,OM,TEM分析,研究了不同固溶处理和时效处理对2124铝合金40 mm厚板组织与性能的影响。结果表明:合金适宜的固溶温度为495～500℃,固溶时间为80～100 min;适当提高固溶温度或延长固溶时间,合金中过剩相的溶解程度增大,合金的固溶程度增大,因而合金强度提高,但过高的固溶温度或固溶时间使合金的伸长率降低;当淬火水温度在16～35℃范围内时,合金性能变化不大,但稍高水温淬火有利于提高合金的伸长率;随淬火转移时间的延长,合金的强度有所上升,但伸长率下降,为了提高合金的塑韧性,淬火转移时间应尽可能短;合金适宜的时效温度为185℃,时效时间为12 h,合金主要强化作用来源于S′和θ′过渡相的析出强化。     

高强耐磨铝青铜热处理工艺的研究

通过正交试验和对比试验优化了Cu14AlX铝青铜合金的硬化热处理工艺 ,找出了热处理过程中影响该合金硬化性能的 4种因素的主次顺序是 :固溶温度、时效时间、时效温度和固溶时间 .进一步研究证明通过 84 0～ 880℃油淬固溶和 5 70～ 6 0 0℃空冷时效处理 ,合金能够得到 4 8.2HRC的最高硬度 .硬化的原因是时效过程中共析相γ2 的均匀细化和κ相的弥散析出 .     

新型热处理工艺对搅拌摩擦焊接头性能的影响

为了抑制焊后热处理过程中搅拌摩擦焊(FSW)接头晶粒异常长大(AGG)现象的发生、保证接头的强韧性,提出固溶-变形-时效一体化的新型焊后热处理工艺。该工艺以2024-O铝合金FSW接头为研究对象,在450℃保温40min后水淬至室温,然后冷拉伸变形,并于190℃人工时效处理。经光学显微镜观察发现,450℃固溶处理能够显著抑制接头AGG现象的发生。固溶后冷变形结合后续人工时效处理工艺,接头力学性能明显改善,接头显微硬度和强度随着冷变形量的增加而不断提高,当变形量为10%时,接头的硬度和强度值达到最大。由于接头没有发生AGG,焊缝细小的等轴晶和析出相使得新型焊后热处理FSW接头的强度、硬度和塑性均高于传统固溶时效热处理接头。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that