关于勾股丢番图方程x~2+(x+k)~2=z~2

本文给出了勾股丢番图方程x2＋（x＋k）＝z2有正整数解的充要条件以及使该方程有正整数解k的必要条件，并根据k＝1，7时的正整数解，给出了对于给定k求该方程正整数解的一般方法。     

一类长短波方程的孤子解和椭圆周期解

得到了一类长短波方程｛iSi Sxx-LS β(|S|^2-ω^2)S=0,Li (|S|^2)x=0的孤子解和椭圆周期解精确表达式，并且分析了孤子解的特征，特别地，指出了该类长短波既存在明孤子角，又存在暗孤子解。     

BBM—likeB（2，2）方程的圈波及周期圈波解

应用微分方程动力系统理论研究BBM—likeB（2，2）方程的圈波及周期圈波解。在某些参数条件下给出该方程平面系统的相图，根据相图找到圈波及周期圈波解的存在条件，并求出了这两种解的参数形式表达式。通过软件Mathematica模拟了这两种解的平面波形图。     

不定方程x2＋y2＋z2=2（xy＋yz＋zx）的全部非负整数解

利用解序列的递归性，得到了不定方程x2＋y2＋z2=2（xy＋yz＋zx）的全部非负整数解。     

矩阵方程组[A1XB1,A2XB2]=[C,D]的最小二乘解

一类复合线性系统的数学模型归结为求解线性矩阵方程组[A1XB1，A2XB2]=[C，D]，但该方程组在一般情况下未必相容，因此研究其最小二乘解与研究其相容条件下的准确解同样具有重要意义，利用矩阵对的广义奇异值分解及Frobenius范数正交矩阵乘积不变性，给出了实矩阵方程组[A1XB1，A2XB2]=[C，D]的最小二乘解的求法及其解的表达式。     

谈谈丢番图方程x~2+y~2=z~2

本文讨论了丢番图方程（1）的本原解的公式，介绍了费与（Fermat）无穷递降法，证明了丢番图方程x4±4y4=z2，x4+y2=z4无xyz≠0的解，并讨论了几个特殊的丢番图方程的解。     

2+1维非线性发展方程的多种周期解

利用一个辅助椭圆方程的解，将求解2 1维非线性发展方程精确解的问题转化为一个代数方程进行求解．借助计算机的符号计算．求得了KP方程和2 1维mKDV方程的多种精确周期解．在极限条件下，这些周期解退化为孤立波解．     

高阶（2＋1）维Broer—Kaup方程的多孤子解结构

利用推广的齐次平衡方法，首先将高阶（2＋1）维Broer-Kaup方程线性化，然后构造出丰富的广义孤子解，包括单孤子解，单曲线孤子解，单dromion解，多dromion解，本方法直接而简单，可推广应用一大类复杂的（2＋1）维非线性演化方程。     

几类非线性方程组的行波解

行波解是反应扩散方程解的一种重要类型，其解的形式为u(x t)=u(x xt)，这里c为常数，表示波速。本文运用符号计算方法讨论了几类非线性方程组的行波解。首先利用齐次平衡系数法，通过Riccati方程求解，充分利用Mathematica的符号计算功能，获得了变形Boussinesq方程组和长水波的近似方程组的行波解，从中不仅找到了系统的孤立解，而且还获得了其它的精确解，最后将这种方法推广到了求2 1维色散长波方程组的行波解。     

关于Diophantine方程x^2＋2y^2=z^n

讨论了Diophantine方程x^2＋2y^2=z^n在xy≠0,（x，y）=1时有解的充分必要条件及用代数教论的方法给出（x,y）=1，n≥2时方程整数解的一般公式。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has