离子轰击处理的TC11钛合金表面组织与性能

为提高表面性能 ,对 TC11钛合金进行了离子轰击表面处理 ,运用金相显微镜、扫描电镜和 X射线衍射仪分析了表面改性层的组织结构 ,测定了改性层的显微硬度和深度。结果表明 :TC11钛合金经离子轰击表面处理后 ,表面可获得由 Ti N和 Ti2 N组成的改性层 ,硬度为 60 0～ 80 0HV0 .0 2 ;次表层主要由含氮α相组成 ,渗层厚度为 3 5 0～ 4 0 0μm。表面硬度的提高 ,有利于改善 TC11钛合金的耐磨性     

TD3合金离子渗氮耐磨性能研究

采用离子渗氮技术对TD3合金表面进行离子渗氮处理,采用金相显微镜、XRD,对渗氮层的组织形貌、物相结构进行观察分析;用显微硬度仪(维氏)测量渗氮层硬度,再用摩擦磨损试验机(往复式)进行常温干摩擦实验,对其耐磨性、磨痕形貌进行分析。结果表明:渗氮层深度可达80μm,渗氮层显微硬度最高可达1 190 HV,较基材硬度提高2.3倍以上,渗氮层含TiN、Ti_2N。渗氮试样磨痕深度与宽度减小,耐磨性能比基材也有显著提高。     

电压对低碳钢表面液相等离子体电解碳氮共渗层的摩擦学性能影响

为了提高低碳钢的耐磨性,成功地采用等离子体电解碳氮共渗技术在不同电压下对低碳钢进行表面处理。使用往复式摩擦磨损测试仪分析改性表面的摩擦磨损性能;扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope, SEM)和能谱仪(energy dispersive spectroscopy, EDS)分析渗透层的表面、截面形态和组成;使用3D共聚焦显微镜分析渗透层的磨痕;使用X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction, XRD)研究渗透层的相组成。结果表明,共渗层的厚度和显微硬度均随着施加电压的增加呈现先升高后降低的趋势,在电压为350 V时,共渗层厚度最厚,硬度最大,分别为130.24μm和846.7 HV,此时共渗层的摩擦系数最小,约为0.65,磨痕轮廓深度仅为14.79μm。液相等离子体电解渗技术在共渗层形成的铁碳化合物和铁氮化合物是其耐磨的主要原因。     

自熔性喷焊合金粉涂铸件磨损机理及其耐磨性

本文通过自熔性喷焊合金粉涂铸件硬性测试和磨损试验,发现经涂铸后试件硬度最高值此基体提高近3倍,达HRC60。相对耐磨性最高时比体提高近12倍.经电子显微镜对涂铸合金层磨损形貌的观察,详细地分析了涂铸合金层磨粒磨损机理,并由此解释了同种粉在不同涂铸工艺下,硬度和耐磨性的关系.文章最后对同种粉同样涂铸工艺下,硬度和耐磨性的关系进行了讨论。     

奥氏体不锈钢离子渗N组织及性能

采用辉光离子渗N技术对奥氏体不锈钢球阀进行表面氮化处理,改变其表面结构,提高表面耐磨性.选取三组离子渗N的温度,分别为400、440、480 ℃,渗N时间设置为12 h.采用扫描电镜、光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪、维氏显微硬度计和材料表面综合测试仪对渗N改性层的表面形貌、截面形貌、显微硬度和耐磨性进行测试.结果表明:离子渗N技术可以大幅提高奥氏体不锈钢的硬度和耐磨性.渗N温度为400 ℃时,渗N改性层最薄,耐磨性最差,480 ℃时渗N改性层最厚、耐磨性最好.     

乏油润滑下Cr12表面不规则形貌的减摩研究

为了研究不规则形貌对模具表面摩擦性能的影响,采用了一种操作简单、成本经济的加工方法——化学腐蚀法获得冷作模具钢Cr12表面的三种不规则形貌,分别对具有光滑表面和不规则表面形貌的试件进行乏油润滑状态下的摩擦磨损试验,得到了试件的摩擦系数和磨痕形貌.经过研究分析可知:不规则表面形貌可以有效地降低摩擦系数;摩擦系数的大小与表面接触峰的密度有关,在一定表面形貌下,表面接触峰数越多,摩擦系数越小且磨损程度也越小;随着表面腐蚀坑大小和深度的增大,摩擦系数先减小后增加;经过腐蚀后的试件表面硬度有了一定程度提高,增强了试件的耐磨性.     

新型低合金铸铁在有润滑情况下的耐磨性研究

本文对一种新型低合金铸铁——P—Cu—Cr—Ti合金铸铁的耐磨性能进行了研究。使用MM200磨损试验机在润滑条件下对合金铸铁的耐磨性进行了系统的试验,探讨了载荷及摩擦行程的影响。借助光学显微镜、EPM810电子探针分析仪等观察了磨损表面形貌及磨痕截面近表层的变化,对它的磨损过程及耐磨机理进行了分折。研究结果表明:P—Cu—Cr—Ti合金铸铁的耐磨性优于HT20—40,是一种适用的优良低合金耐磨铸铁。     

离子束增强纯铁的磨损行为研究

纯铁表面沉积Ｔｉ和Ａｌ膜的同时，用Ｎ＾＋离子束注入增强沉积，成功地形成了性能优越的表面改性层。与ＺｒＯ２陶瓷球对磨结果表明，经Ａｌ＋Ｎ＾＋ＡＫ Ｉ＋ｎ＾＋离子束增强沉积后，纯铁的表面显微硬度及磨损性能得到了较大的提高，磨痕形貌和元素分布观察结果表明：离子束增强沉积处理前后，磨损的机理发生了变化。     

干摩擦条件下新型低合金灰铸铁耐磨性的试验研究

本文研究的是一种低合金灰铸铁——P—Cu—Cr—Ti 合金灰铸铁.使用 MM200磨损试验机对它在无润滑条沣下的耐磨性进行了系统的、深入的探讨.研究了载荷及摩擦行程对材料耐磨性的影响.借助光学显微镜、EPM810电子探针分折仪观察了表面形貌及磨痕截面近表层的变化等,分析了它的磨损过程及耐磨机理。试验结果表明:P—Cu—Cr—Ti 合金灰铸铁的耐磨性远优于 HT20—40,是一种优良的低合金耐磨灰铸铁。     

Zr离子注入对NiTi形状记忆合金表面硬度和耐磨性影响

研究了Zr离子注入参数(注入剂量和注入电流)对NiTi形状记忆合金表面成分、形貌、硬度和耐磨性的影响.发现Zr离子注入后,Zr离子浓度在NiTi合金表面呈高斯分布,同时降低了合金表面的Ni含量.Zr离子注入后合金表面形貌出现沟槽结构,合金外表层纳米硬度、杨氏模量和显微硬度明显提高.摩擦磨损实验结果表明,Zr离子注入降低了NiTi合金初始摩擦因数,显著延长了维持初始低摩擦因数的时间,同时使磨痕的宽度和深度分别减小了30%～50%和28%～50%.因此,选择适当的注入参数可以使NiTi合金获得最佳的耐摩擦磨损性能.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with