Course of fever response to repeated administration of sublethal doses of lipopolysaccharides, polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid and muramyl dipeptide to rabbits

The purpose of the present study was to examine the development of tolerance to three structurally dissimilar pyrogens, i.e., lipopolysaccharide (LPS), muramyl dipeptide (MDP) and polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) in rabbits. The possibility of pyrogenic cross-tolerance among these agents has also been studied. It was observed that repeated injection of sublethal doses of LPS and MDP was connected with the changing of biphasic fever to monophasic. The consequence of this was a drop in the fever index. In contrast to LPS and MDP, the repeated administration of poly I:C did not result in such changes. Successive injections of this pyrogen always evoked biphasic fever. We also demonstrated that pyrogenic cross-tolerance between LPS and MDP did not occur. The cross-tolerance between LPS and MDP did not occur. The cross-tolerance among pyrogens was possible if they originated from the same class, for example endotoxin from Salmonella abortus eq. and endotoxin from Escherichia coli.     

Alkylation of double-stranded ribonucleic acid with 2-chloroethylamines

Zusammenfassung Nachweis der Alkylierung doppelfädiger RNS mittels 2-Chloräthylaminen in wässeriger Lösung ohne gleichzeitige Hydrolyse der Phosphatesterbindungen zwischen den Nukleotiden, was in starkem Gegensatz zu früheren, bei einfädigen RNS gewonnenen Ergebnissen steht.     

Course of fever response to repeated administration of sublethal doses of lipopolysaccharides,polyinosinic: Polycytidylic acid and muramyl dipeptide to rabbits

Summary The purpose of the present study was to examine the development of tolerance to three structurally dissimilar pyrogens, i.e., lipopolysaccharide (LPS), muramyl dipeptide (MDP) and polyinosinic: polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) in rabbits. The possibility of pyrogenic cross-tolerance among these agents has also been studied. It was observed that repeated injection of sublethal doses of LPS and MDP was connected with the changing of biphasic fever to monophasic. The consequence of this was a drop in the fever index. In contrast to LPS and MDP, the repeated administration of poly I:C did not result in such changes. Successive injections of this pyrogen always evoked biphasic fever. We also demonstrated that pyrogenic cross-tolerance between LPS and MDP did not occur. The cross-tolerance between LPS and MDP did not occur. The cross-tolerance among pyrogens was possible if they originated from the same class, for example endotoxin fromSalmonella abortus eq. and endotoxin fromEscherichia coli.     

Polarographic study of the reaction of pyridoxal with hydroxylamine

Zusammenfassung Es wurde polarographisch die Kinetik der Reaktion des Pyridoxals mit Hydroxylamin verfolgt. Die pH-Abhängigkeit der Geschwindigkeitskonstante der Kondensierung konnte auf Grund verschiedener Reaktivität einzelner dissoziierter Formen des Pyridoxals mit nichtprotonisiertem Hydroxylamin erklärt werden.     

The mutator phenotype theory can explain the complex morphology and behaviour of cancers

Almost all solid malignancies exhibit complex cytological and architectural abnormalities, which vary from cell to cell and area to area within the same tumour, and between tumours of the same type. The degrees of these abnormalities do not correlate perfectly with the biological behaviour (especially growth rate and metastatic potential) among the various tumour types. These features of tumours have long been considered to invalidate simple mutational or 'abnormal gene expression' (epigenetic) theories of carcinogenesis. The 'mutator phenotype/clonal selection' hypothesis is based on the now well-established phenomenon of genetic instability of cancer cells, and proposes that this instability is an essential requirement for the development of tumours, and not an irrelevant side-effect of some other process. This paper argues that this hypothesis can provide a satisfactory explanation for the diverse histological and biological features of solid malignancies. Further, because virtually all solid tumours are histologically abnormal, genetic instability is likely to be essential for the malignant process. The concepts of mutator phenotype and clonal selection are therefore supported. Received 8 April 2002; accepted 25 April 2002     

Electrolytic behaviour of some carotenoids in strongly acid media

Zusammenfassung Carotinoide und Carotinoid-Epoxyde bilden mit verschiedenen Säuren und Salzen intensiv blau gefärbte Produkte, deren Natur unbekannt ist. Das elektrolytische Verhalten dieser Stoffe wird untersucht, und es wird festgestellt, dass die Wanderungsrichtung in hohem Mass davon abhängt, ob die Behandlung der Carotinoide mit Säuren in wässeriger oder in wasserfreier alkoholischer Lösung vorgenommen wurde.     

A crystalline molybdophosphoric complex of folic acid

Résumé Un nouveau produit crystallin de l'acide folique avec l'acide molybdophosphorique est décrit. Ce produit a été soumis aux examens microscopique, électrophorétique et analyse élémentaire. Ce produit provoque une leucopénie chez les rats albines, ce qui indique une ressemblance probable aux antidotes de l'acide folique. D'autre part, l'observation a montré que ce produit a un effet inhibitif sur la croissance desStreptococcus faecalis R. dans des cultures renfermant de l'acide folique à des degrés différents.     

Effect of tween 80 on protein-tannic acid complex

Riassunto L'acido tannico a basse concentrazioni forma complessi solubili con il citocromo C e la metamioglobina, modificandone i relativi spettri di assorbimento nel visibile. Il Tween 80 aggiunto alle soluzioni contenenti i suddetti complessi determina la rottura del legame proteina-acido tannico e la ricomparsa dello spettro caratteristico delle proteine in esame.

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This work was supported by a grant from the « Impresa Enzimologia » of the Italian Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche and by Grant No. FG-It-128 from the U.S. Department of Agriculture.     

Caveolin-1 interacts with the chaperone complex TCP-1 and modulates its protein folding activity

We report that caveolin-1, one of the major structural protein of caveolae, interacts with TCP-1, a hetero-oligomeric chaperone complex present in all eukaryotic cells that contributes mainly to the folding of actin and tubulin. The caveolin-TCP-1 interaction entails the first 32 amino acids of the N-terminal segment of caveolin. Our data show that caveolin-1 expression is needed for the induction of TCP-1 actin folding function in response to insulin stimulation. Caveolin-1 phosphorylation at tyrosine residue 14 induces the dissociation of caveolin-1 from TCP-1 and activates actin folding. We show that the mechanism by which caveolin-1 modulates TCP-1 activity is indirect and involves the cytoskeleton linker filamin. Filamin is known to bind caveolin-1 and to function as a negative regulator of insulin-mediated signaling. Our data support the notion that the caveolin-filamin interaction contributes to restore insulin-mediated phosphorylation of caveolin, thus allowing the release of active TCP-1. Received 17 November 2005; received after revision 1 December 2005; accepted 17 February 2006     

Polarographic catalytic waves of ultraviolet irradiated and urea denatured bovine serum albumin

Zusammenfassung Serumalbumin von Rindern wurde in 2 verschiedenen Konzentrationen mit UV-Licht bestrahlt und die polarographisch-katalytischen Wellen mit denen von Albumin verglichen, das zuvor mit Harnstoff behandelt worden war.

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This investigation was supported by the U.S. Army, Medical Research and Development Command, Department of the Army, under Research Contract No. DA-49-193-MD-2146.