超低温温度场中Cu-Zr-Cr合金显微结构转变规律

研究超低温温度场中Cu Zr Cr合金基体组织(α固溶体)形成孪晶结构并析出弥散的Cu3Zr和Cr2Zr金属间化合物及基体组织微细化的过程。孪晶可以在93K低温下形成和扩展。析出Cu3Zr和Cr2Zr强化相,细化了基体组织。试验表明:以上组织结构的变化,提高了合金抗高温塑性变形能力,减轻了高温焊接时粘焊现象的发生,电极的耐磨性明显提高。     

P/A异种钢焊缝中孪晶显微缺陷的研究

TEM观察发现：在P/A异种钢刚性拘束焊接和单道堆焊焊缝中存在不同数量的孪晶显微缺陷，并对其形成原因及与焊接条件的关系进行了研究和讨论。认为：焊缝中的孪晶是由于焊缝金属的线膨胀系数比母材金属大30％～50％，在焊后冷却过程中产生较大的变形而形成的动态再结晶退火孪晶。     

690合金高温连续变形动态再结晶行为

应用液压机对690合金圆锥试样在3种不同温度下(1100、1140和1180℃)进行连续压缩变形实验,利用光学显微镜和背散射衍射技术研究690合金在热加工过程的动态再结晶行为.研究发现:在连续热压缩变形过程中动态再结晶以三叉晶界形核—原始晶界形核—孪晶形核(孪晶界和孪晶碎化)—晶内形核的顺序发展,而孪晶促进了690合金的再结晶过程.     

面心立方合金的表面层孪晶强化机制

本文利用透射电子显微分析和x射线内应力测定等方法研究了低层错能面心立方合金表面喷丸强化后组织结构变化与疲劳行为之间的关系。着重观察和分析了疲劳过程中强化层内亚结构和内应力的变化情况。结果表明:层错能很低的面心立方合金(不锈钢和α黄铜)经喷丸强化后,表层中存在大量显微变形孪晶;由孪晶构成的栅栏薄层不仅能使表层残余压应力在疲劳应力作用下维持稳定,而且能有效地防止疲劳裂纹在外表面形核,因此,栅栏强化效应是面心立方合金疲劳强度提高的主要原因。     

γ-MnFe合金内耗的振幅效应

采用低频内耗仪研究原子分数分别为86.4%Mn和80.8%Mn的γ-MnFe合金在相变过程中内耗和模量的变化情况。结果表明，从高温到低温，γ-MnFe合金经历了反铁磁转变和马氏体相变，依次出现了反铁磁转变、马氏体相变和孪晶3个内耗峰，且均出现了振幅效应。这是由于反铁磁转变和马氏体相变所产生孪晶的结果。     

轧制对Zr60Al15Ni25块体非晶合金晶化动力学的影响

通过线性DSC实验研究了轧制对Zr60Al15Ni25大块非晶合金晶化动力学的影响。实验结果表明,Zr60Al15Ni25非晶合金在轧制塑性变形过程中,随着变形量的增加,热稳定性降低。Zr60Al15Ni25块体非晶合金轧制后原子组态的变化主要影响晶化的形核阶段,变形量较低时(20%)合金原子组态向无序方向发展,导致晶化速率变慢,晶化变得比较困难。随着轧制的进一步增加,合金原子的无序性降低,晶化速率又逐渐提高,从而使其在随后加热过程中的晶化变得比较容易。     

超高速碰撞下体心立方纯铁的变形孪晶

采用非火药驱动二级轻气炮技术将2017Al合金弹丸以3km/s速度撞击纯铁靶板,通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜研究了纯铁材料的微观组织演化.根据微观组织的不同特征可将纯铁靶板分为细晶区、高密度孪晶区和低密度孪晶区.在低密度孪晶区的主要变形方式为{112}面的孪晶,而高密度孪晶区主要变形方式为{112}面的孪晶和{110}、{112}及{123}面的位错之间的交互作用.超高速碰撞下孪晶形成机制与普通变形条件下没有区别,但是孪晶形貌区别较大,高密度位错聚集在孪晶界附近造成孪晶界面模糊;螺位错在孪晶界上分解导致沿着孪晶界发生弯曲和凹痕甚至孪晶的断裂.     

Cr、V元素替代Nb元素对Fe40Co40Zr8Nb2B10非晶合金热性能及结构的影响

采用单辊快淬法制备Fe40Co40Zr8Nb2B10、Fe40Co40Zr8Cr2B10和Fe40Co40Zr8V2B10非晶合金薄带,并对三种合金在不同温度下进行热处理.利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和差热分析仪(DTA)等测试手段对样品的结构及热性能进行研究.结果表明,Fe40Co40Zr8Nb2B10、Fe40Co40Zr8Cr2B10和Fe40Co40Zr8V2B10合金的晶化激活能分别为302.6、306.6和299.3 kJ/mol,Cr元素和V元素替代Nb元素对合金的热稳定性影响不大,但扩大了合金的晶化温区.三种合金晶化过程相似:非晶→非晶+α-FeCo→α-FeCo+ZrCo3B2+Fe(Co)3Zr.     

时效态Mg-10Gd-3Y-0.6Zr合金的拉伸断裂行为

研究了时效显微组织对Mg-10Gd-3Y-0.6Zr合金断裂行为的影响.结果表明:473K低温时效时,析出相小而密,由晶界析出相(GBP)引发的微裂纹在晶界处产生并沿晶内的择优取向扩展;温度达到523K时,GBP长大,应力集中仅在某些大尺寸GBP处出现,并引发GBP与基体分离,而产生微孔,微孔的聚集与长大导致了合金的断裂.微裂纹沿着孪晶与基体的界面扩展,在断口形成平滑刻面,而GBP的存在会加剧这一趋势.时效温度升高后,孪晶与GBP数量减少,滑移变形加剧,导致平滑刻面数量减少.     

硅量子点中的孪晶对其电子结构和光学性能的影响

以具有代表性的单孪晶和五重孪晶作为研究对象,运用密度泛函理论研究了孪晶结构的硅量子点的形成、稳定性、量子限域效应以及光学性质.结果表明,孪晶结构的硅量子点从热力学角度看是可以形成的,且孪晶结构可以增强硅量子点的稳定性;孪晶的存在使得硅量子点的量子限域效应和光学吸收减弱.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that