铁基非晶合金的辐照性能

铁基非晶合金由于成本低较、易制备、较好的温度稳定性等优点,并具优异的机械性能、磁性能和耐腐蚀性能而被广泛研究.并且其固有的无序结构有助于抵抗辐照导致的损伤,使得铁基非晶合金可作为抗辐照材料使用.辐照既可以试验铁基非晶合金的性能也是优化铁基非晶合金结构和性能的有效方法.本文综述了铁基非晶合金中子辐照、离子辐照和电子辐照性能的研究进展,探讨了铁基非晶合金的结构和性能与非晶合金的成分以及辐照粒子的类型、能量、注量之间的关系,以及辐照晶化的机制,为进一步促进高性能铁基非晶合金的研究提供了有价值的参考.     

Tailoring soft magnetic properties of Fe-based amorphous alloys through C addition

It is known that developing Fe-based amorphous alloys with the saturation flux density(B_s) higher than 1.65 T is a major challenge.In present work,effects of C addition on magnetic properties of Fe-based amorphous alloys were systematically studied.It has been found that the addition of C can significantly increase the saturation flux density(B_s) and the magnetic flux density at 800 A/m(B_(800)) of the Fe-B-C-Si-P amorphous alloys.After the addition of C,the B_s of the amorphous alloys increase from 1.61 T(Fe_(83)B_(13)Si_3 P_1) to 1.65-1.71 T(Fe_(83)B_(13-x)C_xSi_3 P_1,x=1.5,2,3 and 4). The Fe_(83)B_(10)C_3 Si_3 P_1 amorphous alloy possesses excellent soft magnetic properties with high B_s of 1.71 T and low H_c of 1.5 A/m.It shows that density increase of the alloys and weakened metalloid-sp/metal-d bonding caused by C addition contribute to the increment of B_s.It suggests that the newly developed high-performance amorphous alloys possess great potential in application.     

非晶FeSiBCu合金系的磁后效

研究了非晶ＦｅＳｉＢＣｕ合金系的磁后效，结果表明淬态Ｆｅ基非晶合金的磁后效主要来自磁致伸缩相互作用，然而还发现磁后效和感生磁各向异性对Ｃｕ含量有类似的依赖关系，这显示还应考虑感生磁各向异性磁后效的影响。     

AC-HVAF喷涂铁基非晶复合涂层结晶度的DSC法测定

利用活性燃烧高速燃气喷涂方法(AC-HVAF)制备出一种高非晶含量的Fe基非晶合金涂层.根据非晶合金相变的热力学原理可知部分晶化的非晶合金的晶化即为残留非晶相的转变,其相变热应正比于残留非晶相的相含量.采用不同的热处理工艺使喷涂的非晶涂层晶化,利用DSC分析法测定了热处理后涂层中的纳米晶体含量和部分晶化非晶合金涂层试样的相变热,计算了该涂层试样的结晶度.实验结果和理论预测基本相符.     

锰对铁基合金磁特性的影响

用穆斯堡尔谱对比X射线衍射和磁矩测量法研究5种铁基合金Fe₆₀Ni_40-xMn_x(x=0,5,10)和Fe₆₀N i_35-xMn_xCo₅(x=5,10)中Mn含量对合金磁特性的影响. 结果表明, 随着Mn含量的增加, 超精细场分布向低场转移, 磁态也由铁磁态向反铁磁态转变 , 得到了平均超精细场H_hf、 磁化强度M及相关Mossbauer参数随合 金试样平均电子浓度的变化关系.     

Compositional dependence of thermal and elastic properties of Cu-Ti-Zr-Ni bulk metallic glasses

Starting from the quaternary Cu₄₇Ti₃₄Zr₁₁Ni₈ alloy, the compositional dependence of thermal and elastic properties of Cu-Ti-Zr-Ni alloys was systematically investigated. Quaternary Cu-Ti-Zr-Ni alloys can be cast directly from the melt into copper molds to form fully amorphous strips or rods with the thickness of 3–6 mm. The evidence of the amorphous nature of the cast rods was provided by X-ray spectra. The measured glass transition temperature (T_g) and crystallization temperature (T_x) were obtained for the alloys using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at the heating rate of 20 K/s. In the results, the differences between the glass temperature and the crystallization temperature (ΔT_x=T_x-T_g) are measured with values ranging up to 33–55 K. The reduced glass transition temperature (T_rg), which is the ratio of the glass temperature to the liquidus temperature (T_l), is often used as an indication of the glass-forming ability of metallic alloys. For the present Cu-Ti-Zr-Ni alloys, this ratio is typically in the range of 0.5838–0.5959, characteristic of metallic alloys with good glass-forming ability. The elastic constants for several selected alloys were measured using ultrasonic methods. The values of the elastic shear modulus, bulk modulus, and Poisson’s ratio were also given.     

铁基非晶态合金的退火脆性

本文研究Fe_(80)B_(20-x)Si_x(x=6,8,10,12)非晶态合金的退火脆性规律,给出了合金成分原料纯度,薄带厚度以及薄带表面状态对非晶态合金退火脆性的影响。铁基非晶态合金在低温退火过程中已明显变脆。这种退火脆性是由非晶态合金亚稳特性决定的结构弛豫所致。     

Fe系非晶合金的微观结构特征研究

用差示扫描量热法（DSC），研究了Fe基非晶合金在不同的升温速率（5K／min、10K／min、20K／min、40K／min）下的DSC曲线，通过观察其不同的差热曲线，得到晶化放热峰和晶化吸热峰的位置，同时阐述了X射线衍射强度与径向分布函数（RDF）之间的关系、衍射强度的实验测定，并且结合计算非晶态合金径向分布函数的基本原理，计算了Fe基非晶合金的RDF。计算结果表明，在非晶态材料中随着与选作原点的原子间距离的增加，相关性就迅速减弱，在相距几个原子间距的原子之间就显不出相关作用，其相对位置接近完全无序。从而，由实验结果计算获得Fe系非晶合金的微观结构参数：最近邻原子间距R1=2．63712，次近邻原子间距R3=4．94952，配位数CN=12．83063。     

铁基非晶合金耐腐蚀性能研究进展

铁基非晶合金的耐腐蚀性能对其在功能及结构材料领域的应用具有重要的工程意义。本文总结了微合金化元素添加、结构弛豫、纳米晶化、自由体积等对铁基非晶耐腐蚀性能的影响,对近年来铁基非晶耐腐蚀性能及其机理的研究进展进行了简要的介绍。     

Progress of biodegradable metals

Biodegradable metals(BMs) are metals and alloys expected to corrode gradually in vivo, with an appropriate host response elicited by released corrosion products, then dissolve completely upon fulfilling the mission to assist with tissue healing with no implant residues. In the present review article, three classes of BMs have been systematically reviewed, including Mg-based, Fe-based and Zn-based BMs.Among the three BM systems, Mg-based BMs, which now have several systems reported the successful of clinical trial results, are considered the vanguards and main force. Fe-based BMs, with pure iron and Fe–Mn based alloys as the most promising, are still on the animal test stage. Zn-based BMs, supposed to have the degradation rate between the fast Mg-based BMs and the slow Fe-based BMs, are a rising star with only several reports and need much further research. The future research and development direction for the BMs are proposed, based on the clinical requirements on controllable degradation rate, prolonged mechanical stability and excellent biocompatibility, by optimization of alloy composition design, regulation on microstructure and mechanical properties, and following surface modification.     

Fe-Nb-B纳米晶合金的结构与磁性

利用X射线衍射,差热分析及静态磁性测量,研究了退火温度对不同成分的非晶Fe Nb B合金纳米晶化行为和磁性的影响·实验发现:在纳米晶化过程的初期出现磁硬化,矫顽力与最大磁导率均呈现不同程度的恶化·在硼化物(Fe2B和Fe3B)相析出前,具有纳米结构的合金由α Fe固溶体和非晶基体相组成,呈现较佳的软磁特性·随纳米晶相体积分数增加而呈现的磁软化现象可解释为由于纳米晶粒间距的减少,交换耦合增强所致·     

Fe-Si-B-Nb-Cu-Zr非晶（纳米晶）合金的磁性机理研究

采用单辊甩带法制取了Fe-Si-B-Nb-Cu-Zr非晶合金薄带。利用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、差示扫描量热法（DSC）和振动样品磁强计（VSM）等手段对非晶态和晶化后的薄带的微观结构和磁性能进行了表征和测试,研究了Fe-Si-B-Nb-Cu-Zr合金中磁性能随着Zr含量以及退火温度变化的磁性机理。结果表明,在铸态Fe-...     

FeCuNbSiB微晶软磁材料的成分,组织及热处理工艺选择原则

文中讨论了新型超微晶软磁合金－ＦｅＣｕＮｂＳｉＢ合金的成分，组织及热处理工艺选择原则。通过实验证明了采用合适的成分和热处理工艺，可ｅＣｕＮｂＳｉＢ非晶转变为纳米级超微晶合金。该合金具有较高的饱和磁感应强度，高磁导率，低矫无顽力和低铁损的优良综合磁性能。     

Mg-Zn-Ce非晶合金力学与耐蚀性能的研究

镁合金作为生物可降解材料具有很多优势,但传统多晶镁合金腐蚀速率过快的问题限制了其更广泛的应用。与多晶镁合金相比,非晶态镁合金因具有独特的无定形结构,使其耐腐蚀能力比多晶镁合金的要好。采用铜辊甩带法制备得到了新型Mg_70−xZn₃₀Ce_x（x=2, 4, 6和8）非晶镁合金,并对其进行了力学性能和耐腐蚀性能的研究。结果表明：x为4和6时,Mg-Zn-Ce非晶合金的非晶形成能力最好;Ce的添加可以有效改善镁基非晶合金的脆性,使其弹性模量低于60 MPa,与人骨相似,从而能有效避免植入后因弹性模量过大导致的应力遮蔽效应的产生;同时,Ce的添加显著地提高了合金的耐腐蚀性,使其开路电位达到-0.2 V,腐蚀电流密度低至10^-6 A/cm²。     

非晶态Fe-Zr-B-Dy合金的制备与磁热性能

非晶态磁热合金材料可以在很宽的温度范围内实现较大的磁制冷容量,其中铁基非晶态磁热合金因其具有近室温的磁熵变区间和低廉的成本受到广泛关注.本文通过感应熔炼铜辊甩带的方法成功制备出了一系列Fe_89?xZr₇B₄Dy_x(x=1,2,3,4)非晶态合金,并对其非晶形成能力和磁热性能进行了系统测试和分析.随着Dy含量的增加,该合金的玻璃形成能力得到改善,居里温度从296 K增加到334 K.磁熵变峰值和制冷能力也随着Dy含量的增加单调增长,在3 T的外加磁场下,Fe85Zr7B4Dy4合金的最大磁熵变达到了2.45 J K^?1 kg^?1,制冷能力为235 J kg^?1,相对于三元Fe-Zr-B体系,同一磁场下的磁熵变峰值提高60%以上.该非晶态合金原材料成本低廉,其磁热性能随着成分变化可以调控,居里温度远低于玻璃转变温度,能够保证材料在使用过程中的结构稳定性,有成为近室温的磁制冷工质的潜力.     

The hidden disintegration of cluster heterogeneity in Fe-based glass-forming alloy melt

The evolution of liquid metal at high temperature is known much less than their solid states. This is partially due to that the message concerning clusters, metastable phase or heterogeneity in liquid is usually too slight to be traced. Here, we shed some light on the nature of structural evolution of Fe-based glass-forming alloy during overheating process by the investigation of high-temperature melt viscometry and first principles simulations. It was found that a structural transition around 1400 ℃ occurred in the melts of initial homogeneous ingot, heterogeneous ingot and amorphous ribbons jointly, and was confirmed by the results from differential scanning calorimeter(DSC), and ab initio molecular dynamics(AIMD). Combining these results with Fe-Si-B ternary phase diagram and the melting characteristics of Fe-B compounds, it is safe to conclude that the disintegration of Fe_2B type clusters to Fe_3B-type clusters leads to the observed transition. These results offer a significant reference for the preparation and property control of Fe-based amorphous alloys.     

Formation of ε-Fe_XN/BN magnetic nanocomposite and itsthermodynamic and kinetic analyses

A nanocomposite of nanometer-sized magnetic granular ε-Fe-XN embedded in a nonmagnetic amorphous boron nitride matrix was prepared by ball milling mixture of α-Fe and hexagonal boron nitride in argon atmosphere. The grain size of the ε-Fe-XN alloy was about 10-20 nm. The nitrogen concentration in the ε-Fe-XN alloy increases with extending milling time. Both thermodynamic calculation and the present experiment show that iron and nitrogen atoms have higher alloying driving force than iron and boron atoms. Analyses of thermodynamics and kinetics about formation of the ε-Fe-XN alloy suggested that the formation of the ε-Fe-XN alloy is related to amorphization of the hexagonal boron nitride and refinement of the α-Fe. It was found from the present experiment that a critical grain size of the α-Fe reacting with nitrogen in the amorphous boron nitride is about 8 nm.     

Y_2Fe_(17)C_X合金的结构和磁性研究

本文用X射线衍射和磁测量及~(57)Fe穆斯堡尔谱研究了Y_2Fe_(17)C_x合金的晶体结构和磁性。碳原子在Y_2Fe_(17)C_x合金中占据六方结构的6h晶位或菱形结构的9e晶位;C原子的加入使得Y_2Fe_(17)C_x合金的居里温度和饱和磁化强度都有较为明显的变化,特别是近邻于C原子的Fe原子外层电子结构受到较大的影响。     

Fe－（Cu－Nb）－Si－B纳米晶合金的磁致伸缩

采用适当的热处理工艺将不同成分的Ｆｅ－（Ｃｕ－Ｎｂ）－Ｓｉ－Ｂ非晶态合金制备成纳米晶合金，测试了纳米晶合金的磁致伸缩，并与相应成分的非晶合金做了比较．实验结果表明，纳米晶合金的饱和磁致伸缩均小于非晶合金，较小的磁波伸缩并不是产生优异软磁性能的主要原因．     

Fe基二元合金机械合金化致非晶化的理论预测

用欧阳义芳等人提出的预测二元合金机械合金化致非晶化的经验判据,系统地对铁与过渡族金属、稀土、铝、铅等金属元素构成的４２个二元合金系统进行了分析,理论上给出了这些系统能否用机械合金化方法轩非晶态粉末的预测,并与已有的实验结果及其他理论预测的结果进行了比较和分析。