镍—碳化硅复合电镀的研究

报道了瓦特型镍－碳化硅复合电沉积过程，研究了ＳｉＣ微粒的表面活性剂处理，粒子浓度阴极电流密度，搅拌和ｐＨ值等因素对镀层硬度和耐磨性的影响。结果表明，在最佳的工艺条件下，可制备出性能优良的复合镀层（９％～１０％ＳｉＣ含量）其硬度是纯Ｎｉ的４～５倍，耐磨性是纯Ｎｉ的５～６倍。     

电沉积（Ni一W）一SiC复合镀层结构与性能的研究

本文报道了制备（Ｎｉ－Ｗ）一ＳｉＣ复合镀层的电沉积工艺。研究了ＳｉＣ固体微粒对于基质合金结构的影响，测试了复合镀层的硬度及耐磨性。结果表明，ＳｉＣ微粒对于Ｎｉ一Ｗ合金有较强的晶化作用；ＳｉＣ微粒的复合，明显增加了Ｎｉ一Ｗ合金的硬度和耐磨性。     

以Ni─P为基质的SiC和WC耐磨复合镀层

研究了以Ｎｉ─Ｐ为基质，ＳｉＣ、ＷＣ为分散剂，镀液中加入混合稀土的两种耐磨复合镀层。结果表明：Ｎｉ─Ｐ─ＳｉＣ和Ｎｉ─Ｐ─ＷＣ镀层的抗擦伤式磨损能力分别为Ｑ２３５钢试件的５倍和４．５倍。还研究了颗粒浓度和镀时等因素对耐磨性能的影响。     

以Ni—P为基质的SiC和WC耐磨复合镀层

研究了以Ｎｉ－Ｐ为基质，ＳｉＣ，ＷＣ为分散剂，镀液中加入混合稀土的两种耐磨复合镀层结果表明：Ｎｉ－Ｐ－ＳｉＣ和Ｎｉ－Ｐ－ＷＣ镀层的抗擦式磨损能力分别为Ｑ２３５钢试件的５倍和４．５倍，还研究了颗粒浓度和镀时等因素对耐磨性能的影响。     

非晶态Ni－P合金与TiC微粒复合镀的研究

利用复合电镀技术，制备了非晶态Ｎｉ－Ｐ合金基ＴｉＣ复合镀层．测定了非晶态Ｎｉ－Ｐ合金镀层和（Ｎｉ－Ｐ）－ＴｉＣ复合镀层的表面形貌、结构、硬度以及耐磨性．研究了ＴｉＣ微粒对镀层的弥散强化作用．结果表明，与非晶态Ｎｉ－Ｐ合金镀层相比，（Ｎｉ－Ｐ）－ＴｉＣ复合镀层的硬度和耐磨性均超过了非晶态Ｎｉ－Ｐ合金镀层．     

化学镀镍基合金的组织和性能的研究

本文对化学镀Ｎｉ－Ｐ及Ｎｉ－Ｐ－ＳｉＣ非晶合金镀层的组织结构、成分、显微硬度、耐磨性、耐蚀性及晶化规律等作了一系列研究．实验结果表明：（１）化学镀Ｎｉ－Ｐ非晶合金具有优良的耐磨性和耐蚀性;（２）Ｎｉ－Ｐ非晶在加热过程中具有两个明显的放热峰,２３５℃为Ｎｉ３Ｐ相的形核孕育峰和３９１℃为Ｎｉ３Ｐ相的析出峰,因而使得Ｎｉ－Ｐ非晶合金在４００℃×１ｈ热处理后具有最大的显微硬度和最佳的耐磨性;（３）化学镀Ｎｉ－Ｐ－ＳｉＣ复合镀层具有更高的显微硬度和更佳的耐磨性,尤其是在大载荷长时间下显示出优越性．     

Fe－SiC复合镀的工艺研究

研究了采用氯化亚铁为主盐，悬浮Ｓｉｃ微粒的低温直流复合镀工艺．详细介绍了镀液中ＳｉＣ浓度、镀液主盐浓度、镀液温度、镀液ｐＨ值、阴极电流密度及搅拌间歇时间等工艺参数对复合镀层中ＳｉＣ含量的影响，并以复合镀层性能，如结合强度、硬度、耐磨性等为考察参数，确定了Ｆｅ－ＳｉＣ复合镀层中ＳｉＣ的最佳含量．     

化学复合镀Ni——P—SiC合金的研究

研究了化学复合镀Ｎｉ－Ｐ－ＳｉＣ合金镀液组成、工艺和镀层性能。研究的结果表明，镀液中ＳｉＣ微粒含量为１０－１５ｇ．ｌ＾－１时，可得到性能较好、具有很高硬度的复合镀层。     

非晶态Ni—P合金与TiC微粒复合镀的研究

利用复合电镀技术，制备了非晶态Ｎｉ－Ｐ合金基ＴｉＣ复合镀层，测定了非晶态Ｎｉ－Ｐ合金镀层和（Ｎｉ－Ｐ）－ＴｉＣ复合镀层的表面形貌、结构、硬度以及耐磨性。研究了ＴｉＣ微粒对镀层的弥散强化作用，与非晶态Ｎｉ－Ｐ合金镀层相比，（Ｎｉ－Ｐ）－ＴｉＣ复合镀层的硬度和耐磨性均超过了非晶态Ｎｉ－Ｐ合金镀层。     

化学复合镀Ni-P-SiC镀层耐磨性能研究

化学复合镀Ｎｉ－Ｐ－ＳｉＣ层具有硬度高和耐磨性能好的特点。近年来,引起人们的注目。本研究在化学镀Ｎｉ－Ｐ工艺基础上添加不同粒径,不同浓度的ＳｉＣ,对Ｎｉ－Ｐ－ＳｉＣ镀层的耐磨性能进行了研究。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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