Al2O3/AlB12/AlN复相陶瓷的制备及其力学性能

以Al和B2O3为原料,采用高频感应加热方法制备出纯的Al2O3/AlB12/Al复合陶瓷粉体,然后在N2保护下1600℃热压烧结2h制备出Al2O3/AlB12/AlN复相陶瓷。采用XRD和SEM技术分别表征了Al2O3/AlB12/Al复合陶瓷粉的相和形貌以及Al2O3/AlB12/AlN复相陶瓷的相和断口形貌。采用三点弯曲法和压痕法分别测试了Al2O3/AlB12/AlN复相陶瓷的抗弯强度和断裂韧性。研究结果表明：由于室温下Al-B2O3体系的绝热温度大于1800K,因此可以采用高频感应加热方法点燃Al-B2O3体系,并制备出纯的Al2O3/AlB12/Al复合陶瓷粉体;Al2O3相和AlB12相是分别通过液-液反应机制和液-固反应机制生成;Al2O3/AlB12/AlN复相陶瓷的抗弯强度和断裂韧性分别为549.48MPa和5.96MPa·m1/2,分别比纯Al2O3陶瓷的350MPa和4MPa·m1/2高56.99%和49%,这可能是原位反应生成的细小AlN颗粒增强增韧了Al2O3基陶瓷。     

烧结温度对LaMgAl_（11）O_（19）-Al_2O_3复相陶瓷的致密度和显微形貌的影响

以自制LaMgAl11O19（LMA）片状晶和α-Al2O3粉体为原料,采用无压烧结工艺在不同温度（1500℃、1550℃、1600℃、1650℃）下制备了LMA-Al2O3复相陶瓷,研究了烧结温度对LMA-Al2O3复相陶瓷的体积密度和显微形貌的影响。结果表明,LMA-Al2O3复相陶瓷的体积密度随烧结温度的升高呈先降低后升高的变化趋势,当烧结温度为1650℃时可制备获得较为致密的LMA-Al2O3复相陶瓷,添加10wt%的LMA片状晶对LMA-Al2O3复相陶瓷的致密度没有明显影响,但LMA片状晶的加入能够起到使Al2O3晶粒细化的作用。     

原料对碳热还原法合成氮化铝粉末的影响

以氧化铝、碳黑、硝酸铝、葡萄糖为原料,采用2种不同的工艺制备了氧化铝-碳黑和硝酸铝-葡萄糖2种体系的原料混合物,研究了原料的种类对氮化铝粉末合成反应的影响.研究结果表明以氧化铝和碳黑为原料时,氮化反应过程中只出现了α-Al2O3和AlN相,该原料体系反应速度较慢,在温度为1650 ℃时氮化3～5 h才能实现完全氮化;而以硝酸铝和葡萄糖为原料时,氮化反应过程中相变较复杂,出现了γ-Al2O3,α-Al2O3,AlON和AlN相,该原料体系反应速度较快,1550 ℃时仅需1～2 h便可实现完全氮化;不同的起始原料不仅可以影响反应速度,还对粉末的粒度有较大影响,以氧化铝和碳黑为原料合成的氮化铝粉末的平均粒度约为0.7 μm;而以硝酸铝和葡萄糖为原料合成的氮化铝粉末的平均粒度约为0.1 μm.     

Si3N4/AlN对Sialon/刚玉复合材料组织和性能的影响

以棕刚玉,Al,Si,Al2O3为原料,利用一步工艺合成了Sialon/刚玉复合材料·研究了Si3N4/AlN复合添加剂对复合材料组织、性能以及复合材料中N含量的影响·研究结果表明:材料中N含量随着Si3N4/AlN复合添加剂的增加而增加,材料的强度随着Si3N4/AlN复合添加剂的增加呈现出先升高后降低的变化趋势;当氮化温度超过1330℃,氮化时间超过8h后,添加Si3N4/AlN的材料中N含量基本上达到饱和值,添加Si3N4/AlN可以降低Sialon相的合成温度;1230～1280℃是一个重要的前期氮化温度,添加Si3N4/AlN的材料在该温度可完成整个氮化反应的94 2%,早期对Al,...     

高岭土原位碳热还原制备Al2O3/SiC复相陶瓷材料的研究

详细介绍了利用高岭土通过原位反应及热压烧结制备Al2O3/SiC复相陶瓷材料.探索了以天然矿物高岭土,碳作为原材料,低成本合成制备高性能Al2O3/SiC复相陶瓷的新方法.首先,在原位碳热还原反应中,高岭土和碳在流动氩气氛中合成制备Al2O3/SiC复相陶瓷粉,对合成反应的热力学过程进行理论分析和实验研究,对合成的Al2O3/SiC复相陶瓷粉进行了DTA和XRD分析,分析表明陶瓷粉的合成过程分两步,第一步是高岭土自身的脱水,第二步是SiO2被还原的过程及制备出Al2O3/SiC复相陶瓷粉.研究表明,最佳的粉末合成温度为1550℃;其次,Al2O3/SiC复相陶瓷粉通过热压烧结合成制备Al2O3/SiC复相陶瓷,烧结助剂的添加有助于降低烧结温度.复相陶瓷抗弯强度达到420 MPa,相对密度达到98%,硬度HRA89.     

Sialon陶瓷的常压烧结

在Si3N4,Al2O3,AlN和Y2O3混合料常压烧结过程中,由于过程反应生成SiO,CO,N2等气相物质和由于Si3N4原料在高温常压下分解压高,从而常压烧结致密化过程始终伴随着一个失重的塑致密化过程．为了解决这一问题,作者研究了填料成分、烧结温度、烧结时间等工艺条件对Sialon陶瓷常压烧结密度的影响,分析了烧结过程的物理化学机制和致密化机制．4种填料分别为Si3N4,Si3N4+SiO2,Si3N4+Al2O3+AlN和Si3N4+Al2O3+AlN+BN．被烧料典型配方为Si3N465%～70%,Al2O320%～25%,AlN10%,另加6%Y2O3．当填料成分为70%Si3N4+24%Al2O3+3%AlN+3%BN时,制得了相对密度达99%,抗弯强度达612.2MPa的常压烧结Sialon陶瓷．研究结果表明对于通式为Si6-ZAlZOZN8-Z的Sialon陶瓷,当Z=2时,其最佳烧结温度为1750℃,烧结时间为40min;Sialon的烧结过程是1个多因素控制的瞬时液相烧结过程．     

烧结气氛对氮化铝陶瓷结构与性能的影响

以高温自蔓延法合成的氮化铝(AlN)粉末为原料,加入5%Y2O3作为烧结助剂,注射成形后分别在氮气和还原性氮气氛中1850℃常压烧结成AlN陶瓷,研究烧结气氛对AlN陶瓷结构与性能的影响.研究表明,不同气氛中烧结的AlN陶瓷的密度、第二相和热扩散系数有所不同,氮气中烧结的AlN陶瓷的密度、第二相和热扩散系数分别为3.20g·cm-3、钇铝酸盐(Y3Al5O12和Y4Al2O9)和0.559cm2·s-1;还原性氮气氛中烧结的AlN陶瓷的密度、第二相和热扩散系数为3.00g·cm-3、氮化钇(YN)和0.581cm2·s-1.扫描电镜(SEM)分析显示氮气氛中烧结的AlN陶瓷结构均一,而还原性氮气氛中烧结的AlN陶瓷内外结构不一致,容易产生变形.     

热处理温度和气氛对BiFeO_3陶瓷物相的影响

用溶胶凝胶法制备了BiFeO3前驱体,经不同温度(500~800℃)、不同气氛(O2和N2)煅烧得到了BiFeO3粉体,并在O2或N2气氛条件下烧结制备了BiFeO3陶瓷。用X射线衍射对比研究了不同气氛条件下BiFeO3陶瓷的物相组成。结果显示,在O2或N2中700℃煅烧的BiFeO3粉体在N2中800℃烧结可以得到纯相的BiFeO3陶瓷。实验表明BiFeO3粉体的煅烧温度及烧结过程中采用的气氛对BiFeO3陶瓷的物相组成有重要影响。     

化学镀法制备Ni-P/Al2O3特种陶瓷及性能

采用化学镀方法在平均粒径为200 nm的Al2O3粉体表面镀覆Ni-P合金,制备出了Ni-P/Al2O3复合粉体,再利用无压烧结将此种复合粉体制备成氧化铝基特种陶瓷.这一方法不仅降低了烧结温度,也进一步提高了陶瓷的性能,尤其是在提高韧性方面.结果表明,粉体镀层为晶态,主要由NiP2相和NiP相组成,镀层中含镍量为9.32%,含磷量为2.38%.为低磷合金镀层,制备特种陶瓷所需的烧结温度由制备单一氧化铝陶瓷所需的1 700 ℃降低至1 350 ℃;断裂韧性也从单一Al2O3陶瓷的3.0 MPa·m1/2提高到6.91 MPa·m1/2,增加了130.3%;耐磨性与纯氧化铝陶瓷相当.     

常压下ZrO2—SiC复相陶瓷烧结条件的研究

通过对ZrO_2-SiC复相陶瓷烧结条件的研究,可知该复相陶瓷,适合在中性—弱还原气氛下烧结,适宜的烧结温度在1650—1700℃之间。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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